新中国成立初期干部理论教育制度化建设及经验探析

中国共产党重视干部理论教育,也注重干部理论教育的制度化建设。1949—1956年中国共产党既继承过去干部理论教育制度化建设的做法,又根据新形势、新情况进一步加强干部理论教育建设,完善干部理论教育制度。不断规范干部理论教育的组织体系、教育内容、教育方式、师资培养和考核等,使干部理论教育制度建设不断科学化、规范化,干部的素质和能力得到了较大的提高,为新生政权的巩固和发展起到了重要的作用。这一时期的干部理论教育制度化建设也形成了诸多基本经验,对新时代干部理论教育制度化建设有重要的启示作用。     

Who Protests in America: An Analysis of Three Political Alternatives—Inaction,Institutionalized Politics,or Protest

Theories of social movements and collective action typically present social protest as one of three alternatives available to the individual: inaction, institutionalized political action, or protest. These political alternatives are rarely considered simultaneously nor are they modeled explicitly. In this paper we make use of survey data from a representative sample of the United States population. We employ multinomial logistic regression to determine what differentiates those who protest from those who engage only in institutionalized politics and from those who engage in no political action. We find that those who engage in social protest are similar in many respects to those who engage actively in institutionalized politics, yet education on social and political issues, participation in community organizations, and frequent church attendance increases the likelihood that individuals will engage in protest relative to institutionalized politics.     

政治参与在我国公共政策制定中的角色分析

良好的公共政策是社会利益得到良好分配的现实性表现。中固正处于重要的社会转型期,利益群体结构的逐渐多元化,要求在公共政策的制定中进一步加强和完善政治参与机制,以保证公共政策制定过程的更加规范化、明晰化和制度化。     

论我国新生代农民工制度化政治参与渠道的完善

相对于第一代农民工,新生代农民工有更高的政治认知和参与愿望。但由于制度内参与渠道不畅,导致制度外参与频发。提出应通过加强政治文化建设、人大代表选举制度、政协制度、组织建设等,畅通新生代农民工制度化的参与渠道,促进社会稳定和社会主义和谐社会建设。     

海峡两岸经济关系与经济合作发展形势评析

受国际金融危机与国际经济及海峡两岸经济形势大环境变化影响,海峡两岸贸易与台商对大陆投资呈现从大幅衰退到强劲反弹回升的发展态势,两岸经济关系发展格局尤其是台商对大陆投资策略与区域布局发生新的变化。海峡两岸经济交流与合作取得一系列新进展,大陆居民赴台旅游与两岸直航经济效果显著,大陆企业赴台投资正式启动,两岸经济关系正在迈向正常化与制度化合作的新阶段。     

农民制度化政治参与的困境与制度创新——以路径依赖理论为视角

农民制度化政治参与是社会主义民主政治建设的重要内容。但农民政治参与受历史背景、初始制度选择、思想观念、既得利益集团的行为等因素的影响,在参政权利、参政范围、参政渠道、参政制度等方面皆存在路径依赖,其发展明显滞后。推动农民制度化政治参与的重要举措是突破路径依赖,进行制度创新。即要加强农民政治参与的制度环境建设,改变城乡二元结构,进一步完善人民代表大会制度和村民自治制度,拓展农民政治参与渠道,不断提高农民素质,增强其政治参与的主体意识。     

African American Families and the Role of Physical Discipline: Witnessing the Past in the Present

The use of physical discipline within African American families is examined from a historical perspective within the context of institutionalized racism and racial disproportionality in the child welfare system. African American parenting strengths are explored, demonstrating that the use of physical discipline can be purposeful, controlled, and appropriate, utilized to protect African American children and instruct them how to behave and survive within a racist society. Available literature on corporal punishment is reviewed, and implications for culturally informed child welfare practice are provided.     

群体性事件中非制度化公民参与的逻辑

我国近年来频发的群体性事件实际上是非制度化公民参与的产物,触发性事件的发生、流言的传播与扩散、问题化技术的使用以及目的达到后的退却,构成了群体性事件的运行机制。解决群体性事件要开启制度化的通道,实现从非制度化公民参与向制度化公民参与的转变,将群体性事件转变成常态的公民集体行动。     

Institutionalized strategies in face-to-face encounters — rehabilitation workers and clients in a social insurance office

This article presents a decision-making model that gives a structure to institutionalized strategies used by rehabilitation workers in the face-to-face encounters with clients at a social insurance office. The model is developed from my 24 observations of encounters between rehabilitation workers and long-term sick people, and my conversations with the rehabilitation workers about their impressions of these very encounters. The strategies are tightly connected to the rehabilitation workers' efforts to convey the working-track principle. Two different main strategies have been identified. The reinforcement strategy is used when a client seems to consent to the working-track principle, and the motivating strategy is used when a client does not seem to consent. When the motivating strategy is used some dilemmas of the role of the rehabilitation workers are actualized. The dilemmas concern a tension between, on the one hand, what the rehabilitation workers are supposed to be doing (care-advocate or administer) and, on the other hand, how they are doing it (flexibly or strictly). Acting within the discrepancy of the role, the rehabilitation workers try to solve the dilemmas. Four different ideal-typical strategies have been identified: the caring professional strategy, the caring amateur strategy, the bureaucratic administrator strategy and the coordinator strategy. All of these acting strategies are represented in the observed encounters. Further studies are needed in order to make statements on the representativeness of each strategy.     

民间社会中的拟亲属关系研究

依据访谈调查，讨论了现代社会民众生活中传统的拟亲属关系所承载的重要社会功能。个案的情况表明，现代理性制度化关系在调查地无法取代传统情感性关系。同时也说明，现代化建设过程中，力主打破的一些传统恰是民间社会所需要的资源。反思这一错位现象，具有重要意义。