基于信号博弈的卖方欺诈行为分析

本文主要基于信号博弈的卖方欺诈行为进行研究，假设拍卖中可能存在欺诈型和诚实型两种卖家，其中欺诈行为有概率发生在第二价格拍卖中：欺诈型卖方冒充竞拍者递交仅次于最高价的报价从而获得额外收益。两种卖家根据各自效用选择拍卖形式：第一价格或者第二价格。而竞买者将卖者的选择作为信号，更新对卖方类型的判断，然后制定报价策略。这是一个买卖方信号交叉影响的过程。考虑到拍卖过程中买方价值相关性，本文在建立模型中参考了关联价值原理。针对该模型进行分析，得出了不同情况下的买卖方策略，并且研究了买方报价、买方判断、卖方收益三者之间的关系。文中利用贝叶斯公式对双方的策略选择问题进行预测，与单纯的概率分布方法相比，更具实践价值。     

The Electoral College and Conflict in American History and Politics

The historical relationship between the electoral college and controversial U.S. presidential elections, specifically with respect to conflict, is examined. The elections of 1800, 1824, 1860, 1876, 1888, 1968, and 2000 are examined. Aside from the 2000 election, there has been essentially no conflict in American history due to the electoral college. The constitutional structure and thinking behind the form of the electoral college is given, with emphasis on the federal aspects of the structure. The current movement to abolish the electoral college in favor of direct popular vote is depicted, along with the arguments against making that change. The conclusion is that we as a nation are far better off to retain the status quo than to make the called-for change.     

手机短信诈骗及治理对策

随着手机短信业务的发展，利用手机短信进行诈骗的现象也频繁发生。短信诈骗行为的泛滥，不仅严重侵犯了人们的财产权益，而且破坏了正常的社会经济秩序。为有效预防和遏制手机短信诈骗，应强化监管和打击，建立和完善手机号码实名制和储蓄实名制，加强宣传教育，多管齐下，进行综合治理。     

论信用证交易风险

信用证交易被视为国际商业的生命线。它牵涉到复杂的法律关系。受益方如何在交易中做到单证相符,规避欺诈及其它风险,是问题的关键。     

市场经济发展中的金融诈骗及其对策

金融诈骗是社会主义市场经济发展中上升最快、危害极大的经济犯罪现象 ,研究其发生、发展变化的规律并采取相应的防范对策 ,具有特别重要的意义。     

统计打假对策探析

统计工作是经济管理的重要基础工作 ,统计信息是制定政策和编制、检查计划的基本依据之一。本文对统计工作中造假的成因、危害进行了剖析 ,提出了相应的打假对策     

Bonus—Malus模型在银行贷款机制中的应用

将Bonus—MalLis模型应用到银行贷款业务，通过调整银行的Bonus-MalLis贷款利率来减少贷款欺诈行为。主要是建立借款人的银行个人信用体系，通过借款人上阶段的还款利率和表现决定其下阶段还款利率，这样就提供了一种与完全审计机制不同的奖惩机制。在一些简单假设下可证明Bonus—Malus利率将会消除所有欺诈行为，而非仅仅减少欺诈行为。     

The limits of the decentred state: the case of policing insurance claims fraud

Existing research clearly shows that the public–private divide is continuously being challenged, recast and transformed. However, this article argues that a sharp distinction between public and private continues to operate as an important norm for professionals involved in the investigation of insurance claims fraud in Sweden. It shows how power within private insurance companies and the police authority is organized around the public–private divide, which is in turn mobilized to justify repression and to give investigations legitimacy. The article indicates that the formal public–private distinction is far more thoroughly maintained than is suggested by the existing literature. Rather than challenging the centrality of state power, private insurers and the police construct, maintain and have a stake in the reproduction of a state‐centric monopoly of crime control.     

上市公司会计诚信与财务总监(CFO)职责分析

本文对上市公司会计造假与财务总监职责进行了分析,认为利益驱动、法律法规不健全、相关机构及个人商业伦理道德的缺乏、财务总监的职能不到位等是驱动上市公司会计造假的主要原因;而良好伦理素养及相当管理才能是上市公司财务总监应具备的基本素质,对遏制会计造假有着非常重要的作用。     

合同纠纷与合同诈骗罪辨析

合同纠纷与合同诈骗是两类既相似又本质不同的法律行为。这两者往往容易混淆,不仅在生活中而且在司法实践中也容易引起歧义。因此,对两者进行认真、全面的分析,把握两者的本质属性和具体特征,分清违法与犯罪的区别,以有利于经济交往、司法活动和法制建设。