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1.
《Journal of Policy Modeling》2022,44(1):203-221
Poor quality of care may have a detrimental effect on access and take-up and can become a serious barrier to the universality of health services. This consideration is of particular interest in view of the fact that health systems in many countries must address a growing public-sector deficit and respond to increasing pressures due to COVID-19 and aging population, among other factors. In line with a rapidly emerging literature, we focus on patient satisfaction as a proxy for quality of health care. Drawing on rich longitudinal and cross-sectional data for Spain and multilevel estimation techniques, we show that in addition to individual level differences, policy levers (such as public health spending and the patient-doctor ratio, in particular) exert a considerable influence on the quality of a health care system. Our results suggest that policymakers seeking to enhance the quality of care should be cautious when compromising the level of health resources, and in particular, health personnel, as a response to economic downturns in a sector that traditionally had insufficient human resources in many countries, which have become even more evident in the light of the current health crisis. Additionally, we provide evidence that the increasing reliance on the private health sector may be indicative of inefficiencies in the public system and/or the existence of features of private insurance which are deemed important by patients. 相似文献
2.
随着现代教育的发展,提升幼儿园教师专业素养已成为促进学前教育发展的必然要求。以探究民办幼儿园教师专业素养为视角,提出通过干预行为提升教师专业素养水平的构想。实验随机选取成都市某民办幼儿园的20名教师为实验组,再选取与其办园环境、办园背景相似的另一所民办幼儿园的20名教师为对照组,对实验园教师的专业理念与师德、专业知识、专业能力3个维度进行干预。实验结果表明:与对照园相比,实验园教师的专业能力提升显著;与实验园实验前后相比,教师在专业知识、专业能力维度及专业素养总体水平方面均有提升。对教师培训的具体建议为:(1)单一与混合相结合的培训方式对提升民办幼儿园教师专业素养总体水平有现实意义;(2)民办幼儿园教师专业知识的提升需理论培训与自主学习相结合;(3)专家"现场诊断-指导式"培训方式对提升民办幼儿园教师专业能力有显著作用。综上,建议民办幼儿园在了解本园教师专业素养水平的基础上,针对教师专业素养的不同方面,分别采取不同的有效培训方式。 相似文献
3.
Sarah Long 《Disability & Society》2015,30(7):1118-1122
The week beginning 29 June 2015 is not just historic for the closure of the Independent Living Fund in the United Kingdom, but for me was the week they decided that my life is not worth investing in; they being NHS England, NICE and, with them, the Department of Health. They chose not to support the enzyme replacement therapy that has been not only keeping me alive, but giving me a quality of life – enabling me to return to finish my Disability Studies PhD exploring how Christian leaders explain disability, where ethics have become the main topic, and to rebuild my career – or so I thought. 相似文献
4.
Sofia Dedotsi Efrosyni-Alkisti Paraskevopoulou-Kollia 《European Journal of Social Work》2015,18(1):114-128
The present article is based on a small-scale research that took place with third-year students in the department of social work at Technological Educational Institute of Patras. During class the students, who undertake the laboratory course ‘Social Work with Families’, were asked to discuss family roles and depict them on drawings. Analysing their drawings in a qualitative approach the findings suggest that students adopt traditional views on family issues and the family roles. Various gender stereotypes and prejudices were reflected in students' drawings and this is alarming for both social work education and practice. 相似文献
5.
This paper explores young people's expressed concerns about privacy in the context of a highly mediated cultural environment, mapping social media practices against axes of visibility and participation. Drawing on interdisciplinary conceptual resources from both the humanities and social sciences, we use ‘spectacles of intimacy’ to conceptualise breaches of privacy, mapping an emergent moral landscape for young people that moves beyond concerns with e-safety to engage with the production and circulation of audiences and value. The paper draws on data from a methodological innovation project using multi-media and mixed methods to capture lived temporalities for children and young people. We present a model that captures a moral landscape shaped by emotional concerns about social media, the affordances of those media and affective discourses emerging from young people's use of the media. 相似文献
6.
何婷立 《河南科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2015,(2):11-13
伊尹作为中国历史上第一位贤相,其突出的个人素质表现在精于至味之理、精通耕作之道、创制治病汤液几方面,即懂得如何吃饭、种地和治病。这正是广大民众最为关心的事情,也是治理内政极其关键的因素,只有这三件事做得好,才可能完成"祀与戎"等国家大事。如此全面素质的形成,与其丰富的人生经历和勤于思索有关。 相似文献
7.
This article explores how a lack of access to increasingly complex and overlapping digital communications platforms in times of disaster for people with disabilities has the potential to make already life-threatening situations considerably more dangerous. As we are increasingly coming to rely on a social media mash-up of digital platforms to assist in communications during disaster situations, the issue of accessibility for people with disabilities is as dire as if it was high ground during a tsunami or transport during a typhoon. The contemporary social media environment is characterised by a complex and overlapping network of complementary platforms, populated by user-generated content, where people communicate and exchange ideas. In this environment, YouTube videos are posted to Facebook and embedded in blogs, and Twitter is used to link to these other sites and is itself embedded in other platforms. These networks are increasingly supplementing and supplanting more traditional communication platforms, such as the television and radio, particularly in times of disaster. The concern of this paper is that the elements from which this mash-up of communications channels is made are not always accessible to people with disabilities. This evolving network of social media-based communication exposes the limits of existing Internet-based universal design. 相似文献
8.
韩显卿 《西南石油大学学报(社会科学版)》2019,10(4):59-66
本文在文献[1]的基础上做了进一步的试验研究,发现慢速降压过程流速对时间的依赖关系呈指数曲线形式,同时进行了慢速升压试验,同样发现流速与时间的指数关系。文中对文献[1]定义的附加残余效应系数提出了修改,重新定义为滞留分子粘弹效应系数,对降压过程和升压过程的粘弹效应系数进行了对比。通过岩心出口液浓度数据,证实了文中描述的粘弹效应机理和分子构象改变的物理模型的可靠性。 相似文献
9.
通过对5位国家级教学名师的自述报告进行三级编码和主题凝练,研究发现国家级教学名师作为教师队伍的杰出代表,在其专业发展过程中养成了许多优秀品质。例如:教学方面注重实践、考虑周全,师德方面以德施教、追求卓越,科研方面以教带研、实现创新。国家级教学名师优秀品质的养成通常经历了漫长而曲折的过程,不仅需要精神与物质力量的共同推动,还需要家庭、学校和社会各环境要素的相互促进,以及社会取向养成方式和个人取向养成方式的互相配合。深入探究国家级教学名师的优秀品质及其养成之道,可以为教师专业发展提供借鉴与启示。 相似文献
10.
A conformance proportion is an important and useful index to assess industrial quality improvement. Statistical confidence limits for a conformance proportion are usually required not only to perform statistical significance tests, but also to provide useful information for determining practical significance. In this article, we propose approaches for constructing statistical confidence limits for a conformance proportion of multiple quality characteristics. Under the assumption that the variables of interest are distributed with a multivariate normal distribution, we develop an approach based on the concept of a fiducial generalized pivotal quantity (FGPQ). Without any distribution assumption on the variables, we apply some confidence interval construction methods for the conformance proportion by treating it as the probability of a success in a binomial distribution. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated through detailed simulation studies. The results reveal that the simulated coverage probability (cp) for the FGPQ-based method is generally larger than the claimed value. On the other hand, one of the binomial distribution-based methods, that is, the standard method suggested in classical textbooks, appears to have smaller simulated cps than the nominal level. Two alternatives to the standard method are found to maintain their simulated cps sufficiently close to the claimed level, and hence their performances are judged to be satisfactory. In addition, three examples are given to illustrate the application of the proposed methods. 相似文献