有机污染物降解的光化学及微生物降解方法探索

随着塑料用途的不断扩大和消费量的日益增长，塑料废弃物也与日俱增，环境污染和社会公害等问题也日趋严重。塑料废弃物具有不易降解性，它不仅污染环境（土壤、水源等），还会阻止其它物质的降解。文章试图从基本机理入手，找到有机物降解的最有效途径，以达到保护环境、节约能源的目的。     

The potential of integrated modelling in conservation biology: A case study of the black‐footed albatross (Phoebastria nigripes)

Conservation biology aims at assessing the status of a population, based on information which is often incomplete. Integrated population modelling based on state‐space models appears to be a powerful and relevant way of combining into a single likelihood several types of information such as capture‐recapture data and population surveys. In this paper, the authors describe the principles of integrated population modelling and they evaluate its performance for conservation biology based on a case study, that of the black‐footed albatross, a northern Pacific albatross species suspected to be impacted by longline fishing     

在中学生物学教学中怎样进行爱国主义教育

本文对中学生物学教学如何进行爱国主义教育相关问题加以论述。     

垂叶榕的生物学习性及栽培管理技术

垂叶榕是城市绿化和园林造景中应用的一种重要树种,本文就垂叶榕的生物学习性及在绿化和盆景制作中的管理技术作一简要概述。     

A-H键振动频率与原子价层轨道能

本文研究了原子价层轨道能与共价型分子氢化物中A-H键的振动频率v_(A-H)的关系,结果表明二者间有良好的线性关系,其计算式为: v_(A-H)=-a∑n_1E_1/∑n_1(A)+b (1) V_(A-H)=-c∑n_1E_1/∑n~(B)+d (2)利用上式计算的振动频率V_(A-H)值接近于文献值。从而验证了用韩长日方法计算电负性的合理性。     

测定二氧化碳分子量的微型实验

利用自制的简易气体发生器和洗气装置对二氧化碳分子量测定微型实验作了进一步的探索和实践、测定结果不仅达到无机化学实验对测定精度的要求。而且更便于推广和普及．     

中学生物教师科学素养现状调查与思考

为了解中学生物教师科学素养的现状,我们采用自编调查问卷的形式对淄博市中学生物教师进行了抽样调查。结果显示中学生物教师的科学素养水平整体较高,但在科学方法等方面存在明显的问题和不足。我们建议通过组织培养与自身努力相结合的方式,加大继续教育改革力度,加强岗位自我培训,深化高师院校生物教育改革,以提高中学生物教师的科学素养。     

Bayesian inference for a discretely observed stochastic kinetic model

The ability to infer parameters of gene regulatory networks is emerging as a key problem in systems biology. The biochemical data are intrinsically stochastic and tend to be observed by means of discrete-time sampling systems, which are often limited in their completeness. In this paper we explore how to make Bayesian inference for the kinetic rate constants of regulatory networks, using the stochastic kinetic Lotka-Volterra system as a model. This simple model describes behaviour typical of many biochemical networks which exhibit auto-regulatory behaviour. Various MCMC algorithms are described and their performance evaluated in several data-poor scenarios. An algorithm based on an approximating process is shown to be particularly efficient.     

Improved Monte Carlo inference for models with additive error

Some statistical models defined in terms of a generating stochastic mechanism have intractable distribution theory, which renders parameter estimation difficult. However, a Monte Carlo estimate of the log-likelihood surface for such a model can be obtained via computation of nonparametric density estimates from simulated realizations of the model. Unfortunately, the bias inherent in density estimation can cause bias in the resulting log-likelihood estimate that alters the location of its maximizer. In this paper a methodology for radically reducing this bias is developed for models with an additive error component. An illustrative example involving a stochastic model of molecular fragmentation and measurement is given.     

欧美合成生物学应用的风险治理经验及启示

合成生物学技术的应用与发展为基础生命科学研究、人类健康、环境保护和经济增长做出了重要贡献。随着合成生物学变得更便宜、更容易使用和更容易获得,亟需建立行之有效的风险治理体系以防控其潜在的伦理道德、生物安全和生物安保风险,促进技术健康发展。通过观照欧美国家风险治理模式,建议预防风险与促进创新并重、伦理治理与法律规制“双管齐下”,以期为我国合成生物学监管提供有益经验、减少风险和控制利益冲突,促进我国合成生物学创新,规范合成生物学研究和生产。