管理贸易的制度经济学分析

各国开展对外贸易是为了能充分、有效配置国内外资源 ,并从中获得最大利益 ,但在追求最大利益的过程中 ,各国所采取的贸易政策都不尽相同。这些不同的贸易政策大体分为自由贸易与保护贸易两类。 2 0世纪 80年代初 ,一种既不同于自由贸易 ,也不同于保护贸易 ,但又兼有两者特点的新型的贸易制度开始出现 ,这便是“管理贸易”。管理贸易是自由贸易与保护贸易博弈的结果 ,是各国在无法达到最佳目标模式时所能选择的次佳目标模式 ,其本质是有组织的自由和协调的保护。一些西方国家先后采取管理贸易并获得了有效的实践效果。我国应正视这一新情况、新趋势进行贸易制度变迁与创新———实行偏保护的管理贸易政策     

西方社会保障制度对我国的启示

西方国家社会保障制度建设和改革的实践,大体经历了四个阶段。从20世纪70年代开始至今进行了一系列的调整改革。我国社会保障制度建设和发展中仍存在一些问题,为完善我国社会保障制度,必须采取如下的措施:社会保障水平要与生产力发展水平相一致;开征社会保障税;加快社会保障法制建设;建立统一协调的社会化管理的社会保障管理体制;拓宽筹资渠道;建立多层次的社会保障体系;加强社会保障的监督工作。     

话语含义的判别和听力理解

语义层面上语用含义的话语理解是大学英语教学的难点之所在。为加强薄弱环节,须从“会话含义”和“关联”理论出发,揭示话语中交际意图传递的规律和特征,并结合实例分析听力理解过程中可能出现的信息推理障碍及原因。     

Korean ethnic education in Japanese public schools

Korean ethnic education in Japanese public schools has played an important role in the persistence of Korean ethnicity in Japan. In Osaka Prefecture, it began as an educational movement at the end of the 1960s. Japanese and Korean activists who led the movement had different political commitments and developed two approaches. Those interested in Korean homeland politics stressed the importance of teaching the ethnic culture of the homeland and tried to develop an ethno-national identity among Korean children. Those involved in civil rights politics in the context of Japan focused on the problem of ethnic discrimination and facilitated the formation of a political subjectivity among Korean children. The old practice of Korean ethnic education is a form of multicultural education and provides many useful ideas for today's multiculturalist teachers in Japan, who are dealing with children of newcomer foreigners.     

Multicultural perspectives on counseling survivors of rape

The dominant Euro-American culture is a rape-prone culture, as defined by Sanday. Within that culture, rape is both a tool and a consequence of interlocking systems of oppression based on race, ethnicity, class, and sexual orientation. The impact of rape on an individual survivor can only be fully understood in the context of the survivor's own culture, religious beliefs, and experience as an immigrant or refugee. Issues of race, culture, class, and sexual orientation influence every step in the counseling of a rape survivor. Knowledge about the client's culture is essential if accurate assessment and culturally appropriate service are to be provided. Specific examples of the impact of these issues are presented. Ways in which the cultural values implicit in the crisis counseling model may conflict with the client's values and needs are examined.     

1989年以来澳大利亚多元文化政策的发展评析

澳大利亚多元文化政策产生于1973年,在1989年被确立为基本国策。此后,多元文化政策得到澳大利亚历届政府不断的坚持和改进,并在原则和措施等方面出现了一些新的发展趋势。这些适时的变化促进了澳大利亚社会的宽容与和谐。     

论校企合作关系的性质及其启示

校企是两种不同性质的社会组织,具有差异性和相互依赖性,由此决定校企合作关系是一种交换关系,正确认识这一关系,对于高等院校实现校企有效合作具有重要的启示——遵循交换规律是实现校企合作的关键;高等院校具有企业所需的资源或产品是实现校企合作的必要条件;加强校企沟通是实现校企合作的重要条件。     

Evidence-based practice in Chinese social work: overcoming language and developmental barriers

This scoping review followed Cochrane guidelines to comprehensively assess the use and understanding of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Chinese social science literature. We conducted a research across three electronic databases and three major social science journals for the studies published between 2004 and 2016. Chinese social work literature demonstrates a precise understanding of EBP defined as a process, but it lacks comprehensive discussions about EBP that extend beyond basic principles and process definitions. We identified language barriers and developmental issues for social work in China that contribute to these incomplete discussions. We examined the importance of broadening and enriching the discussions around EBP, especially for Chinese educators, researchers, and clinicians involved with empirically supported treatments. We also consider the implications of our findings for the development of social work in China.     

American Indian/Alaska Native Elders: A Growing Demographic that Is Changing How We View Aging

Today, AIAN Elders are more actively engaged in their families and communities, encouraging the development of intergenerational programs, language and cultural revitalization, being stewards in research conducted in their communities, as well passing on their knowledge and experiences on how to live as healthy Native people. Elders have traditionally been quiet and observant of their environment, but the current and future cohorts of Elders are advocates, leaders, and culture bearers for their families and communities and they are now in positions of leadership. Western society acknowledges the value of traditional knowledge and AIAN Elders are viewed as exemplars of healthy aging and their lessons and experiences can be attributed to our own lives. This commentary highlights the paradigm shift in how society views older adults, specifically AIAN Elders and their role in health and wellbeing.     

The Cat and the Cloud: ACT for LGBT Locus of Control,Responsibility, and Acceptance

Advocating acceptance, committed action, and value-guided behavior over experiential avoidance, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) may aid lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) clients affected by hetero/homonormative social pressure. By conceptualizing LGBT paradigms of internal/external control/responsibility (IC-IR; EC-IR; IC-ER; EC-IR), ACT may be adapted to a myriad of multicultural worldviews. This article presents locus of acceptance as the attributed worth of internal/external cues perceived necessary by the client to achieve self-acceptance. Recognizing visibility and isolation as recurrent LGBT issues, locus of acceptances balances identity as individual (internal acceptance) with identity as community (external acceptance).