中国特色社会主义制度自信：基本依据·价值意蕴·实现路径

中国特色社会主义制度是立足世情、国情、民情和党情建立起来的制度体系。从历史选择到制度实践构成了我们在新时代夯实制度自信的基本依据；从共同富裕到人的全面发展彰显了制度自信特有的价值意蕴。站在新的发展阶段，既需要大胆借鉴古今中外制度建设的有益成果，又务必坚持在实践基础上以理论创新推动制度创新，以制度借鉴、制度实践和制度创新进一步坚定制度自信。     

Measuring and Achieving Equity in Multiperiod Emergency Material Allocation

Emergency material allocation is an important part of postdisaster emergency logistics that is significant for improving rescue effectiveness and reducing disaster losses. However, the traditional single‐period allocation model often causes local surpluses or shortages and high cost, and prevents the system from achieving an equitable or optimal multiperiod allocation. To achieve equitable allocation of emergency materials in the case of serious shortages relative to the demand by victims, this article introduces a multiperiod model for allocation of emergency materials to multiple affected locations (using an exponential utility function to reflect the disutility loss due to material shortfalls), and illustrates the relationship between equity of allocations and the cost of emergency response. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate both the feasibility and the usefulness of the proposed model for achieving multiperiod equitable allocation of emergency material among multiple disaster locations. The results indicate that the introduction of a nonlinear utility function to reflect the disutility of large shortfalls can make the material allocation fairer, and minimize large losses due to shortfalls. We found that achieving equity has a significant but not unreasonable impact on emergency costs. We also illustrate that using differing utility functions for different types of materials adds an important dimension of flexibility.     

Blinded continuous monitoring in clinical trials with recurrent event endpoints

In studies with recurrent event endpoints, misspecified assumptions of event rates or dispersion can lead to underpowered trials or overexposure of patients. Specification of overdispersion is often a particular problem as it is usually not reported in clinical trial publications. Changing event rates over the years have been described for some diseases, adding to the uncertainty in planning. To mitigate the risks of inadequate sample sizes, internal pilot study designs have been proposed with a preference for blinded sample size reestimation procedures, as they generally do not affect the type I error rate and maintain trial integrity. Blinded sample size reestimation procedures are available for trials with recurrent events as endpoints. However, the variance in the reestimated sample size can be considerable in particular with early sample size reviews. Motivated by a randomized controlled trial in paediatric multiple sclerosis, a rare neurological condition in children, we apply the concept of blinded continuous monitoring of information, which is known to reduce the variance in the resulting sample size. Assuming negative binomial distributions for the counts of recurrent relapses, we derive information criteria and propose blinded continuous monitoring procedures. The operating characteristics of these are assessed in Monte Carlo trial simulations demonstrating favourable properties with regard to type I error rate, power, and stopping time, ie, sample size.     

伸展构造背景下倾角资料的构造解释

系统总结了在伸展构造背景下，导致反映构造特征的地层倾角模式复杂化的多种因素。沉积相的不同、岩性变化、井眼状况和测井作业时间等多种因素都可能使地层倾角资料复杂化。进一步指出在拉张盆地中，进行倾角资料的构造解释，必须了解其构造样式的多样性和复杂性，解释存在的多解性。重点解剖了铲式断层在横剖面情况下，对于不同构造位置下的倾角模式。详细分析了一个倾角模式对应多种构造样式的倾角构造解释实例。倾角资料的构造解释应是综合解释，既要综合井筒的相关地质资料，又要综合测井与地质知识，还必须考虑综合地震资料。     

学术论文一稿多投的"诊"与"治"

一稿多投是学术界由来已久且难以医治的顽症。究其原因,主要是科研压力之下作者的投机心态、作者投稿经验的匮乏、稿件时效性的压力以及网上投稿的便捷与低成本等因素使然。一稿多投会造成编方人力资源的浪费,容易引发一稿多发,挤占宝贵的版面资源,引起版权纠纷,破坏学术诚信,扰乱科研秩序。要从加强制度建设、加大惩罚力度、利用高科技进行防范、健全监督机制、加强学术道德教育、提高编辑效率等方面,把"他律"与"自律"结合起来,惩防并举,标本兼治,多管齐下,齐抓共管,从根本上规范科研活动,根治一稿多投顽症。     

中国农村研究的主体回归与方法论创新

21世纪以来,中国农村治理研究陷入了本土化与主体性双重困境,中国农村社会基础的深度转型,农村研究方法的缺陷以及大规模村庄研究的局限,要求中国农村研究回归深度的村庄研究,尊重农民主体性。在回归村庄研究的方法论上,文章认为要突破国家政权建设理论等研究视角的局限,把市场化这一变量纳入分析视野中。村庄主位、农民主体、市场化过程同国家宏观治理体系的互动逻辑,应该构成后中国农村治理研究时代的主要内容。     

试论投资基金的治理结构

投资基金的治理结构包含三个层次,即基金的各方当事人权利义务的制度安排、基金内部约束机制、外部市场压力及监管制度。针对我国基金治理结构目前存在的问题,可通过引入独立董事制度、将基金经理的报酬机制与公司的经营业绩挂钩、增强外部市场的竞争压力等途径,使之逐步完善。     

信息时代国际传播的控制:从管制到治理

以数字化和网络化为标志的信息技术革命使国际传播环境发生了很大变化,也使得民族国家的传播管制面临挑战,而把治理的理念引入国际传播领域,有助于探索在信息技术革命条件下国际传播管理的新途径。国际传播控制从管制到治理,实际是对国际传播秩序的改造和完善:从参与的主体看,承担维持国际传播秩序任务的既有政府组织,也有非政府组织、跨国公司、私人企业、利益集团和社会运动团体等;从治理内容看,于侧重意识形态之外,又加入了保护民族文化、维护本国经济利益等新内容;从范围上说,它已不限于领土范围之内,而是积极参与国际传播领域的合作,以建立有利于完成国内传播控制目的的国际传播环境。     

国有企业治理结构问题产生的根源分析

在我国国有企业改革过程存在的问题中,公司治理结构运作失灵是阻碍国有企业深入改革的最大障碍。本文首先明确了当前认清我国国有企业治理结构问题产生根源的必要性,然后运用委托代理理论和交易费用理论,分析了国有企业治理结构问题产生的根源一一信息不对称、契约不完备、经营者选择机制不合理和股本结构不合理。