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1.
郑景云 《云南大学学报(社会科学版)》2021,20(4):35-39
寨堡是我国古代重要的军事防御性聚落,其修筑的时间、空间皆与区域的战争形势有着较大关系。清代四川省由于多次大规模战乱,迫使乡民修筑了数以千计的寨堡。寨堡的命名主要可分为因自然地理条件和因人文社会因素两大类,前者包括地形、水文、土石、植物等,后者包括姓氏、寺观、神祇、嘉名、人物、神话、形象、纪事等。寨名包含了丰富的文化内涵,体现出了寨堡的选址、用材、作用、历史、精神等内容。 相似文献
2.
In studies with recurrent event endpoints, misspecified assumptions of event rates or dispersion can lead to underpowered trials or overexposure of patients. Specification of overdispersion is often a particular problem as it is usually not reported in clinical trial publications. Changing event rates over the years have been described for some diseases, adding to the uncertainty in planning. To mitigate the risks of inadequate sample sizes, internal pilot study designs have been proposed with a preference for blinded sample size reestimation procedures, as they generally do not affect the type I error rate and maintain trial integrity. Blinded sample size reestimation procedures are available for trials with recurrent events as endpoints. However, the variance in the reestimated sample size can be considerable in particular with early sample size reviews. Motivated by a randomized controlled trial in paediatric multiple sclerosis, a rare neurological condition in children, we apply the concept of blinded continuous monitoring of information, which is known to reduce the variance in the resulting sample size. Assuming negative binomial distributions for the counts of recurrent relapses, we derive information criteria and propose blinded continuous monitoring procedures. The operating characteristics of these are assessed in Monte Carlo trial simulations demonstrating favourable properties with regard to type I error rate, power, and stopping time, ie, sample size. 相似文献
3.
Modeling spatial overdispersion requires point process models with finite‐dimensional distributions that are overdisperse relative to the Poisson distribution. Fitting such models usually heavily relies on the properties of stationarity, ergodicity, and orderliness. In addition, although processes based on negative binomial finite‐dimensional distributions have been widely considered, they typically fail to simultaneously satisfy the three required properties for fitting. Indeed, it has been conjectured by Diggle and Milne that no negative binomial model can satisfy all three properties. In light of this, we change perspective and construct a new process based on a different overdisperse count model, namely, the generalized Waring (GW) distribution. While comparably tractable and flexible to negative binomial processes, the GW process is shown to possess all required properties and additionally span the negative binomial and Poisson processes as limiting cases. In this sense, the GW process provides an approximate resolution to the conundrum highlighted by Diggle and Milne. 相似文献
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蒋文昭 《华北水利水电学院学报(社会科学版)》2002,18(2):93-94
自我发展素质是学校领导干部综合素质的重要组成部分 ,它反映了社会发展、领导职位和人的本性发展的要求。形成学校领导干部自我发展素质的主要方式是干部培训和教育实践中的探索与反思 相似文献
6.
David Klugman 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2002,30(1):9-21
This article explores the way in which Kohut's concept of Tragic Man functions as a response to criticisms of self psychology as proffering a partial, utopian, strife-denying theory of human development. After citing several representative critiques in this respect, I review the concept of Tragic Man as defined by Kohut, and then seek to deepen the clinical usefulness of this concept through a discussion of affects, empathy, and free association. A clinical vignette concludes the paper, through which some of these ideas find illustration. 相似文献
7.
A role-reversal in the mother-daughter relationship 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Roberta Kabat Ph.D. 《Clinical Social Work Journal》1996,24(3):255-269
Psychoanalytic theorists have noted a particular dynamic in the mother-infant relationship in which the emotional needs of the mother predominate. When this situation occurs, the emotional needs of the infant may go unmet, resulting in impaired self-development. Through an integration of the ideas of mainstream psychoanalytic theorists and feminist psychoanalytic thinkers, this paper proposes the idea that, because of the intensity of the mother-daughter relationship, this dynamic may be more prevalent between mothers and daughters than between mothers and sons. A mother-daughter relationship is described in which the mother comes to depend on her daughter for emotional attunement and response, and the mother's selfobject needs predominate. As a consequence, the daughter is unable to develop a cohesive sense of self and experiences difficulty in achieving separation. Two clinical reports are presented to illustrate the way in which this mother-daughter dynamic manifests itself in the patient's life and in the therapeutic relationship. A negative transference dynamic is described resulting from these patient's fear of duplicating their relationship with their mothers in the therapeutic relationship by having to meet the selfobject needs of the therapist. 相似文献
8.
郭玉梅 《安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,11(2):92-93
影视文化中的消极因素是当代青少年犯罪的一个重要原因.影视文化中的消极因素影响了当代青少年的世界观、人生观、价值观、政治观和道德观.要有效预防和控制当代青少年犯罪就必须消除影视文化的"负面效应".大力弘扬时代的主旋律,严格加强文化市场的管理,科学制定<影视文化法>,积极加强影视文化的评论,努力形成"合力效应". 相似文献
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10.
张先松 《江汉大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,19(3):73-75
从知识经济的角度,论述了高校体育创新的必要性;从历史发展的角度,论述了体育观念创新的前瞻性;从体育科学的交叉角度,论述了体育创新的兼容性。提出了在创新的思维形式上应将跨越式思维、跳跃式思维与渐近式思维相结合;在创新的方式上应将模仿、引进创新与合作或自主创新相结合;在创新的内容上应将观念创新、制度创新、技术创新、管理创新与教学方法创新相结合。 相似文献