《钓鱼岛是中国的固有领土》白皮书的国际法理分析

《钓鱼岛是中国的固有领土》白皮书揭示的法律事实蕴含着丰富的国际法理,包括中国先占取得钓鱼岛领土主权、“条约必须信守”捍卫着中国的领土主权、割让和时效理由不能支撑日本的主权主张、“非法行为不产生权利”拒绝日本的领土声索等.白皮书揭示的法律事实也清晰地表明:日本的“无主地先占”主张在国际法上不能成立,其“实际控制”没有达到“有效控制”的国际法要求.中国应积极运用《白皮书》揭示的法律事实及其蕴含的国际法理,驳斥日本对钓鱼岛的主权主张与领土声索,让国际社会认清中日钓鱼岛问题争端的真谛,促进争端的外交解决;同时,中国应继续强化对钓鱼岛及其附属海域的实际控制,为日后时机成熟时争端的法律解决进一步充实国际法理依据.     

按份共有人优先购买权若干争议问题探析

按份共有人优先购买权与按份共有关系相始终,无需公示就具有对抗第三人的效力。在所有权以外的其他财产权的准按份共有关系中,除地役权和担保物权的准按份共有之外,均得适用按份共有人优先购买权制度。行使该权利的结果,可使权利人优先于第三人取得被出卖的共有份额。在多数按份共有人依多数决原则出卖共有物时,不同意出卖的共有人对同意出卖的共有人所持的共有份额不享有优先购买权。     

论语言习得的“数据替代”与“重新构形”

语言中构式的整体义常常不等于各部分意义的简单相加。数据替代与重新构形作为促进语言习得的有效手段,有助于语言使用者习得看似任意的语言规则与分布限制。数据替代更适用于儿童一语习得,而重新构形则在二语习得过程中发挥较大作用。     

The Square of Polish Innocence: POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews in Warsaw and its symbolic topography

The text refers to the space around the Nathan Rapoport’s Monument to the Fighters and Martyrs of the Ghetto and the Museum of the History of Polish Jews POLIN in Warsaw (Poland). The site of death – at the heart of the former Warsaw Ghetto – has now become a site overloaded with other symbolic messages. Two main symbolic centers (the 1948 Monument and the 2013 Museum) are today encircled by ten other, additional memorials. The message emerging from the content as well as the proportion of commemorations is that Polish solidarity with the Jews was a fact and it stood the test of terror and death brought by the Germans. Although it does not undermine the veracity of the few and isolated exceptions, such a version of events is drastically different from the actual facts. Both symbolic centers are perceived as emblems of Jewish minority narrative. Additional artefacts are a message formulated by the Polish majority. They constitute a kind of symbolic encirclement, block. Emphasizing the dominant majority’s version of the events in this place is in fact a symbolic pre-emptive action. It is meant to silence the unwanted narrative or suppress even the mere possibility that it might emerge. What turns out to be at stake in the dominant Polish narrative about the Holocaust and Polish-Jewish relations is the image of Poland and the Poles. This shows not only the topographic and symbolic situation but also the socio-cultural context of the functioning of the new Museum.     

试析房屋承租人优先购买权的行使与限制

我国法律规范对房屋承租人的优先购买权进行了规定,但对于房屋承租人的优先购买权的行使条件及限制的规定还较为笼统,可操作性不强。通过对承租人优先购买权的研究,深入分析该问题的现状,理顺房屋承租人优先购买权的行使条件与限制,从而在实践中妥善处理相关争议。     

Against exceptionalism: the legitimacy of the neoliberal age

ABSTRACT

After the financial crisis of 2007–08, many commentators, adopting a broadly Polanyian logic of reasoning, expected a departure from neoliberalism. The failure of this shift to materialize has typically been accounted for in ‘exceptionalist’ terms: the persistence of neoliberalism is understood not as a function of a specific legitimacy it has itself engendered, but in terms of external interventions by elites who manage to ‘capture’ executive and regulatory institutions and so to bypass democratic pressures. This paper argues that such an approach underestimates the endogenous sources of legitimacy and resilience that neoliberal governance commands. It criticizes the idea that neoliberalism is at its core dependent on a Schmittian exceptionalism and suggests a perspective on Hayek's articulation of neoliberalism that dissociates it from such an exceptionalist approach. The article proceeds to interrogate the rationality of neoliberalism by examining its distinctively secular temporal logic, rooted in speculation, preemption and reaction.     

Preemptive Machine Covering on Parallel Machines

This paper investigates the preemptive parallel machine scheduling to maximize the minimum machine completion time. We first show the off-line version can be solved in O(mn) time for general m-uniform-machine case. Then we study the on-line version. We show that any randomized on-line algorithm must have a competitive ratio m for m-uniform-machine case and ∑_{i = 1}^m1/i for m-identical-machine case. Lastly, we focus on two-uniform-machine case. We present an on-line deterministic algorithm whose competitive ratio matches the lower bound of the on-line problem for every machine speed ratio s≥ 1. We further consider the case that idle time is allowed to be introduced in the procedure of assigning jobs and the objective becomes to maximize the continuous period of time (starting from time zero) when both machines are busy. We present an on-line deterministic algorithm whose competitive ratio matches the lower bound of the problem for every s≥ 1. We show that randomization does not help.     

论有限责任公司的股东优先购买权

股东优先购买权是有限责任公司一个非常重要的制度,它可以保障有限责任公司的人合性,有助于维护公司的和谐稳定。在实践中,股东优先购买权经常发生纠纷,其原因是由于我国《公司法》对于有限责任公司股东优先购买权规定存在缺陷。从股东优先购买权的性质、当前存在的问题进行分析,对有限责任股东优先购买权提出若干建议,以期促进该制度发挥应有作用,为完善我国《公司法》提供有益参考。     

股东优先购买权制度若干问题探析

为了寻找适当的途径解决优先购买权在法律适用上的冲突,最大限度地保护各方面的利益,采用比较研究方法,对股东优先购买权制度的若干问题进行了探讨;提出了禁止部分行使优先购买权,先买权同等条件的认定标准,执行程序中股东优先购买权的行使方式及股权转让时转让价格的确定等。     

民国时期先买习惯、立法与司法实践

民国时期先买习惯已经普遍存在于全国各地的民间社会,对于这样一种产生于特定的政治、经济、文化、历史条件下的习惯,民国时期的立法和司法实践并没有给予充分的肯定,其根本原因在于经济发展之需要。