基于最大收益的无线虚拟网络重映射算法

针对无线环境的动态性及虚拟网络请求到达与离开的随机性,使得物理网络负载分布不均衡,导致后续请求的接受率降低的问题,提出一种无线网络虚拟化中的两阶段重映射算法（two stages reconfiguration scheme for wireless network virtualization,TR-WNV）。该算法通过第1个阶段选出合适的虚拟网络进行重映射,接着在第2个阶段按照优先级对已选出的虚拟网络进行重映射,并根据离散度来判断每次映射效果。最后,通过仿真对算法进行验证,结果表明该算法在保证虚拟网络请求收益最大化同时,有效提高了虚拟网络请求接受率,实现整个底层网络的负载分布均衡。     

基于Tabu搜索方法的配电网重构的一种新方法

配电网重构是一个组合优化问题,它不仅是配电系统循环控制的重要方法,也是配电管理系统的重要组成部分.随着智能技术的不断发展,用智能算法解决组合优化问题成为一种可能.在配电网重构时,当以最小开关操作程度作为目标函数就可转化为线性规划问题;以最小网损为目标函数,可转化为混合整数线性规划问题.基于配电线路重构模型,以最小开关操作程度和最小网损为目标函数,用Tabu搜索方法解决组合优化问题,最后验证了此方法的合理性和可用性.     

Reconfiguring the state: executive powers,emergency legislation,and neoliberalization in Italy

ABSTRACT

The article examines the evolution of legal and institutional mechanisms over four decades in Italy (1976–2015). Through an original data analysis of legislation on macroeconomic and financial measures, the paper investigates the reconfiguration of state institutions during the rise, consolidation and crisis of neoliberalism. I argue that the strengthening of the policy-making role of the executive, in particular through emergency legislation, proved to be key in the insulation and imposition of neoliberal and austerity policies. Furthermore, in the post-2008 period further coercive dynamics, such as the abuse of confidence question, the abuse of decree laws to impose austerity measures, and the constitutionalization of the balanced budget principle gained momentum. The data presented in this article also shows that the rise of executive power is paralleled by a gradual but steady marginalization of the policy-making role of the parliament, now often relegated to a mere ratifying institution of decisions taken elsewhere. Moreover, the growing tendency to resort to emergency and delegated legislation can be found in centre-left, centre-right and technocratic governments. Accordingly, the paper calls attention not only to the increasingly coercive legal and institutional dynamics that enshrine neoliberal policy-making, but also to an intrinsic and structural tension between the liberal democratic form of the state and increasingly authoritarian forms of neoliberalization.     

Reconfiguring Friendships: Social relationships and the Internet

Debate on the social role of the Internet has centred on whether its use will tend to isolate or connect individuals, undermining or reinforcing social ties. This study moves away from this focus on more or less connectivity to explore the degree to which people use the Internet to make new friends and, thereby, reconfigure their social networks. The analysis identifies those who create new ties through the Internet and investigates under what conditions these online ties migrate to face to face settings. The analysis is based on data from the 2005 Oxford Internet Survey (OxIS), a national probability sample survey of individuals aged 14 and over in Britain. The findings indicate that about 20 per cent of Internet users have met new friends online, and about half of these individuals go on to meet one or more of these virtual friends in person. Sociodemographic characteristics, such as being single, shape patterns of Internet use, and are related to the greater propensity of some individuals to make online social relationships. However, experience with the Internet and the ways people choose to use the Internet, such as for chatting or communicating more generally, are most directly associated with who makes new connections over the Internet and who does not. These findings suggest that the Internet plays an important role in reconfiguring the social networks of many users. Also, multivariate analyses indicate that the dynamics of online friendships are driven more by the idiosyncratic digital choices made by users of the Internet than by any mechanistic social or technological determinism.     

可重构制造系统的体系结构

可重构制造系统是现代企业生存和发展的基本手段,具有较高可重构性的企业能在难以预测的环境中,面对竞争对手脱颖而出,本文从可重构制造系统的概念,组织体系,商业体系,产品体系及信息体系等方面研究了可重构制造系统的体系结构,探讨了可重构制造系统的可行性。     

温特制生产:动因、运行机制与企业竞争优势重构

温特制生产模式创造了20世纪90年代美国经济持续高速增长的奇迹,对温特制生产的探索有助于洞察全球产业重组与企业在竞争优势重构中出现的新变化与新动向。福特制、丰田制到温特制生产的演进历程表明,降低资产专用性与技术创新的不确定性,减轻任务复杂性是温特制生产体系形成的内在动因,分工、信息传递、平台维护与收益分配四种机制推动了温特制生产体系的正常运转。温特制生产拓展了企业竞争优势的内涵、范围、渠道,为企业的竞争优势重构提供了新机遇。     

IP over WDM网络的研究

对波分复用网络上运行因特网协议的有关研究作了综述。采用光路交换的波分复用网络,侧重于设计的三个方面:第一是虚拓扑设计,包括保护设计和重构算法;第二是业务量疏导算法,单个光波长能提供巨大的带宽,而业务的传输速率通常低得多,则需要将低速业务适当地并入波长,称为业务量疏导,以获得良好的网络性能并降低成本;第三是网络抗毁。最后,对进一步的研究作了讨论。     

Supply chain reconfiguration opportunities arising from additive manufacturing technologies in the digital era

Abstract

The aim of this study is to explore the impact of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies on the configuration opportunities of supply chains (SCs) within the digital manufacturing era. To this effect, we first conduct a critical taxonomy of existing research efforts and then propose an integrated decision-making process for the design and management of SCs defined by digital manufacturing technologies. Following, we provide an integrated framework for future SC reconfiguration opportunities arising from the adoption of AM on a supply network setting. Our analysis demonstrates the significant ramifications of AM techniques on SC configuration and sustainability performance as opposed to conventional value networks; however, existing research is evidently limited due to scope related challenges and the inherent complexity at the manufacturing echelon of the respective supply networks.     

Network Reconfiguration for Increasing Transportation System Resilience Under Extreme Events

Evacuating residents out of affected areas is an important strategy for mitigating the impact of natural disasters. However, the resulting abrupt increase in the travel demand during evacuation causes severe congestions across the transportation system, which thereby interrupts other commuters' regular activities. In this article, a bilevel mathematical optimization model is formulated to address this issue, and our research objective is to maximize the transportation system resilience and restore its performance through two network reconfiguration schemes: contraflow (also referred to as lane reversal) and crossing elimination at intersections. Mathematical models are developed to represent the two reconfiguration schemes and characterize the interactions between traffic operators and passengers. Specifically, traffic operators act as leaders to determine the optimal system reconfiguration to minimize the total travel time for all the users (both evacuees and regular commuters), while passengers act as followers by freely choosing the path with the minimum travel time, which eventually converges to a user equilibrium state. For each given network reconfiguration, the lower‐level problem is formulated as a traffic assignment problem (TAP) where each user tries to minimize his/her own travel time. To tackle the lower‐level optimization problem, a gradient projection method is leveraged to shift the flow from other nonshortest paths to the shortest path between each origin–destination pair, eventually converging to the user equilibrium traffic assignment. The upper‐level problem is formulated as a constrained discrete optimization problem, and a probabilistic solution discovery algorithm is used to obtain the near‐optimal solution. Two numerical examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in restoring the traffic system performance.     

文学翻译中文化意象的预设与重构

文学翻译不仅是语言的沟通,更是文化之间的交融。译者首先要从原语和原作者的角度深入了解原语信息中的文化意象的预设,然后从文化态势对比等跨文化的因素出发,对译入语和其读者的文化预设有深入的了解和把握。考虑文化交际的最终效果,译者可以对文学翻译中的文化意象进行适当的修润和创设,在译入语中对原语文化意象进行重构。