中国网上聊天室中英语语言特征

中国网上英语聊天室中的英语与英语国家聊天室中的英语相比较 ,在某些方面 ,如缩写的使用、句首字母少用大写、句尾少标点等有一些共同的特征。但由于受本族语的影响 ,中国人网上聊天的语言有其独到之处。中国人用英语聊天的目的主要是为了练习语言 ,使英语语言的交际功能减弱。受语言水平所限 ,中国聊天者的会话语言更接近书面语体 ,聊天的内容狭窄且缺乏连续性。网上聊天 ,作为一种新的语言交际方式 ,为英语学习者们提供了另一种学习途径 ,在练习快速英语思维及表达方面有着积极作用     

Flood Catastrophe Model for Designing Optimal Flood Insurance Program: Estimating Location‐Specific Premiums in the Netherlands

As flood risks grow worldwide, a well‐designed insurance program engaging various stakeholders becomes a vital instrument in flood risk management. The main challenge concerns the applicability of standard approaches for calculating insurance premiums of rare catastrophic losses. This article focuses on the design of a flood‐loss‐sharing program involving private insurance based on location‐specific exposures. The analysis is guided by a developed integrated catastrophe risk management (ICRM) model consisting of a GIS‐based flood model and a stochastic optimization procedure with respect to location‐specific risk exposures. To achieve the stability and robustness of the program towards floods with various recurrences, the ICRM uses stochastic optimization procedure, which relies on quantile‐related risk functions of a systemic insolvency involving overpayments and underpayments of the stakeholders. Two alternative ways of calculating insurance premiums are compared: the robust derived with the ICRM and the traditional average annual loss approach. The applicability of the proposed model is illustrated in a case study of a Rotterdam area outside the main flood protection system in the Netherlands. Our numerical experiments demonstrate essential advantages of the robust premiums, namely, that they: (1) guarantee the program's solvency under all relevant flood scenarios rather than one average event; (2) establish a tradeoff between the security of the program and the welfare of locations; and (3) decrease the need for other risk transfer and risk reduction measures.     

食管癌患者健康相关生命质量研究

目的:探讨食管癌患者的健康相关生命质量现状及影响因素?方法:采用一般资料问卷?欧洲五维度健康评定量表(EQ-5D量表),对209例食管癌患者进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析和多因素分析探讨食管癌患者健康相关生命质量的影响因素? 结果:食管癌患者行动?自我照顾?日常活动?疼痛/不适?焦虑/抑郁五个维度存在问题的比例分别为18.2%?12.0%?22.0%?38.3%?25.4%;自评健康得分(VAS评分)为(75.20 ± 11.00)分;综合健康指数得分(Index得分)为(0.84 ± 0.22)分?患者的性别?家庭年收入?文化程度是VAS评分的主要影响因素;患者的年龄?治疗方式?肿瘤分期?医保类型是Index得分的主要影响因素?结论:实施心理干预?早诊早治?大病医疗保险有助于提高食管癌患者健康相关生命质量?     

人工智能生成物的著作权保护路径探析——兼评人工智能生成物著作权第一案

人工智能技术的发展对传统著作权制度带来了显著的冲击。以人工智能生成物著作权第一案为例,通过审视作品构成要件判断标准发现,独创性始终贯彻以人类作者为中心的评价标准,同时,智力成果要件则是认定人工智能生成物构成著作权法意义上作品与否的重要标准。从人类是否实际参与作品的创作过程来看,多数人工智能生成物不构成作品,而保护人工智能生成物的价值追求与邻接权制度的基本理念相适应,且邻接权制度的扩张趋势也为把人工智能生成物纳入其保护范畴创造了机会。建议立法通过扩张邻接权制度的权利内容与客体类型以对人工智能生成物提供必要保护。而在当前阶段,反不正当竞争法可以为人工智能生成物相关利益主体提供一定限度的过渡保护。     

杭州"西点现象"的相关思考

杭州西点男孩培训中心的办学情况见诸媒体后,议论不少,见仁见智.就杭州"西点"现象的出现,从如何正确认识"鞭打法"、"没有时间没有经验管教孩子"的隐患何在、"打"言在先何以受到家长青睐、杭州西点自身如何面对种种议论等四个方面,作了一些思考.     

Impact of mindful self-care and perceived stress on the health related quality of life among young-adult students in West Virginia

ABSTRACT

There are substantial gaps in research on Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in students aged 18 and above in West Virginia. The purpose of this study is to explore the associations between mindful self-care, perceived stress, and the HRQoL in this population. We conducted a cross-sectional study between March and April 2017. We included participants who were students, aged 18 years and above, living in West Virginia and were able to answer online questions in English. Data was obtained from an online survey using a structured questionnaire, including the SF12v2®, mindful self-care scale- SHORT, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)-10. We applied linear regressions to determine the predictors of HRQoL (physical health and mental health) using SF12v2®. 194 participants met the inclusion criteria of the study. Mindful self-care was negatively associated with perceived stress. Better mindful self-care mediated the relationship between perceived stress and psychological well-being, controlling for gender, age, race, marital status, education level, annual household income, and chronic disease status. Perceived stress and mindful self-care were not related to the physical well-being. Better mindful self-care may safeguard against perceived stress among students aged 18 years and above. Our findings in this study recommend more mindfulness-based interventions targeted to this subpopulation to improve psychological well-being.     

论关联交易的结构与监管策略——借助经济学理论的功能分析

借助经济学中代理问题理论的分析,发现关联交易或称自我交易,包含代理人、委托人以及作为委托人交易对手的代理人的关联方这三方主体。相对应地,关联交易本身并不是一个交易关系,而是包含着委托代理关系、交易关系和关联关系的一个关系束。因此,从功能分析的角度出发,在监管关联交易时,法律也应当针对这三者之间存在的具有不同特点的关系来有的放矢地设定相应的规制规则。     

探索实验教学的改革与创新——以水泵组合参数测控实验平台研发为例

测量与控制技术已广泛应用于工业生产的各个领域。在全国高等院校测控类、电气类、化工类等诸多专业中,已普遍开设了测量控制技术课程及其相关的实验。本文运用科研成果,设计制作了创新型水泵综合参数测控实验装置,实现了验证型实验、综合性实验、设计型实验与创新型实验并存,改进了实验教学,强化了学生实际操作能力和创新能力的培养。     

高校开展国际交流有关问题探讨

进入新世纪,高校开展国际交流工作要以国家的经济建设为中心,以引进国外智力为工作重点,积极做好出国留学和来华留学工作。中外合作办学已经成为各高校竞相开展的一个重要方式。教育国际化的趋势要求我们必须广开国际合作的途径。一所高校要处于良好的发展态势,只靠片面地扩大招生是没有出路的,必须在提高教学质量和科研水平上下功夫,借助国际交流的平台上水平,谋发展,才能在创建高水平大学的道路上逐步迈出坚实的步伐。     

“关系人”受贿的共犯认定——兼议《刑法修正案(七)》第十三条

随着<刑法修正案(七)>的正式通过,"关系人"受贿问题再次成为讨论的热点.相比以前的规定,"关系人"的范围进一步扩大,并确定了关系人可以单独构成利用影响力受贿罪.关系人作为受贿罪的共犯有一定的理论基础,而对共犯构成要件的分析,也为共犯的认定提供了便利.结合修正案的规定分析关系人参与受贿的诸多情形,可以看出对"关系人"受贿的共犯认定仍然比较复杂并存在一些争议,还有待于理论和实践中进一步完善.