Confession Governance and Verdicts in China’s Criminal Justice

The objective phenomenon of reliance on confessions is the source of many problems in the practice of criminal justice in China. Although successive amendments to the law have endeavored to improve the handling of confessions, they have been unable to resolve the dilemma of a rigid management mode, incompatible management strategies, and conflicting attitudes towards management. This paper has made a multi-dimensional reinterpretation of it from the judges’ perspective, including functional analysis, cultural interpretation and immediate considerations. It reveals that behind its functions of offering moral comfort or allowing evasion of responsibility, confession, as a medium of physical and intellectual management, has the more important function of supplementing and improving the legitimacy of criminal verdicts. The remolding of the legitimacy of criminal verdicts with the coordinated improvement of the management of confessions will change the mode of association between those who currently govern confession and those they govern and will clash with the current closed mode of criminal justice management, thereby promoting a transformation in the governance of criminal justice.     

现代企业组织内部关系研究综述

改革开放以来,经济体制形式的多样性使得现代企业组织既传承了计划经济体制下“单位制”的特点,也采用了所谓先进的“科层制”来进行管理。然而,随着构建和谐社会理念的提出,现代企业组织内部关系也出现了许多新矛盾和新问题。从经济学视角来看,这些矛盾和冲突的根源是资源占有的不平等;从管理学视角来看,组织内部的关系更应该提倡合作和双赢,即和谐。笔者在归纳组织理论和组织关系相关研究的基础上,探析组织依赖研究,进行简要述评,提出从社会学视角开展基于资源交换的组织依赖研究的意义。     

会计信息的相关性与可靠性

会计信息的相关性与可靠性直接影响会计政策的选择、计量基础的发展,还影响着财务报告模式的演变。论述会计信息的相关性与可靠性以及它们之间的关系。指出:现代会计的产生是源于相关性而不是可靠性,就我国目前的会计现状来看,会计信息可靠性问题更加突出,但绝不能因此忽视会计信息相关性。     

英国都铎王朝的财政结构及王权和议会的关系

都铎王朝财政收入结构由普通收入和非常收入两部分组成。从都铎王权财政收入结构看,王权对议会具有很强的依赖性,这突出体现在关税和议会税在财政结构中的地位和作用上。这种依赖性在很大程度上决定了王权和议会的关系,主要表现在"王在议会"和"议会至上"原则萌芽以及王权有限性和议会权力增长等方面。这种独特的关系对英国政治和历史产生深远影响。     

学生自主性发展的个案研究

运用质的研究的方法,选取一所学校作为个案,对学生自主性发展现状进行长期实地观察和调查.得出如下结论小学生与初中生,儿童与少年,代表着自主性发展的两个不同阶段,表现在师生互动关系上,在内容和形式上也有所不同.小学阶段要加强自主意识的培养,中学阶段要为学生自主性的发展提供机会和条件.     

佛教禅宗对王维山水诗的影响浅谈

王维常乐于禅,禅宗哲学的人生观、宇宙观和方法论内化成为王维的审美追求,外化则成就了他的诗歌创作,他深得禅家“不二法门”、“色空相即”三昧,故而其诗意象空灵、境界清幽,明秀的诗境中既有宁静的画面又有灵动的情韵,能于空静中传出动荡,平淡中透出幽深。受南宗禅“不立文字”的影响,王维做诗追求言外之旨以期达到对文字的超越,这使得其诗超旷空灵,如水中月、镜中花,羚羊挂角,无迹可寻,所谓“超以象外”、“得其环中”。     

浅议考试作弊与作弊防范

考试与作弊是一对矛盾。防范作弊应多方考虑:加强对学生的诚信教育,改变考试形式和方法,加强制度建设,标本兼治,为考生创造公平公正的竞争环境,达到建设优良学风的目的。     

注意义务阻却事由之探究

信赖原则与允许危险原则在德国经由判例逐步占据稳固地位,后又传入日本,在西方被广泛适用。信赖原则强调在适当的场合,行为人与他人之间相互存在着可以寄托于对方对于履行必要的注意义务的信赖,过失责任在于未履行信赖所要求的注意义务的一方;允许危险原则注重在适当的场合,允许行为人实施一定限度以内的危险行为,对此行为人无过失责任。与注意义务的赋予不同,信赖原则与允许危险原则通过对于行为人注意义务的否定,进而否定(阻却)行为人的过失责任。在我国科技发展的今天,理论上系统地构建信赖原则、允许危险原则的基本观念,实践中有意识地注重信赖原则、允许危险原则的具体运用,符合刑法的时代要求。     

缔约过失责任的新思考

缔约过失责任是合同订立过程中的责任。从本质上讲它不同于合同责任,但又与合同责任有着密切的关系。缔约过失责任所涉及的范围以及责任承担的形式等问题,理论界历来众说纷纭,莫衷一是。为了解决理论对司法实践的指导,必须从理论上加以深入研究以求达到统一的认识。本文拟就《合同法》中规定的缔约过失责任制度作一些理论上的梳理和探讨。     

Deliberate Trust and Intuitive Faith: A Dual‐Process Model of Reliance

Drawing on the dual process framework from social and cognitive psychology, this paper reconciles two distinct conceptualizations of trust prevalent in the literature: “rational” calculative and irrational “affective” or normative. After critically reviewing previous attempts at reconciliation between these distinctions, we argue that the notion of trust as “reliance” is the higher order category of which “deliberate trust” and “intuitive faith” are subtypes. Our revised approach problematizes the conflation of epistemic uncertainty with phenomenological uncertainty while providing sound footing for a key sociological insight: that reliance on the routine social order is both the cognitive default and based on substantial practical evidence. We develop two broad suggestions for future research from these implications: (1) sociological research should examine the role of intuitive faith—as opposed to deliberate trust—in late modern societies, and (2) analysts should challenge the role of deliberate trust as the “modal” form of reliance in contemporary research.