战术移动通信网的频率复用技术研究

战术移动通信网的网络拓扑结构随战场环境的变化而变化,为此网络拓扑结构具有重组的能力,网络拓扑重组后必须进行链路频道的重新分配,文中提出的频道分配技术是在避免同频道干扰条件下任一频道可在全网内多次重复使用,以提高频道的重复利用率,同时分析了该情况下网络至少应拥有的频道数,以保证网络有足够的频道供分配。     

城市再生水回用探析——以邯郸市为例

介绍了邯郸市的水资源概况,针对邯郸市水资源短缺、地下水超采和水体污染等问题,提出了发展再生水回用事业来改善现在的水资源利用状况,并通过对再生水回用的必要性及可行性分析,阐明了再生水回用事业的应用前景,肯定了发展再生水回用事业在实现邯郸市分质供水在缓解水环境日益恶化和水资源短缺这两大危机中的重要地位。     

基于浊度检测的洗衣机废水自动回收装置的设计

为回收再利用洗衣机在洗涤过程中所排的废水，设计了洗衣机废水自动回收装置，装置由浊度传感器、液位开关、水用电磁阀、潜水泵、水箱等构成。该装置可自动识别废水污浊程度，从而决定是否回收储存起来。经简易处理的回收废水类似于q-水，可用于马桶及地面的冲洗，这对于水资源的节约利用、绿色住宅建筑设施设计具有一定的参考意义，同时也具有一定的经济效益。     

低压纳滤膜法回用乳制品废水的研究

以废水回用为目的,研究了低压纳滤膜法处理乳制品废水的工艺,系统地讨论了操作压力、进料流量、pH值、料液浓度、运行时间、浓缩比等因素对处理效果的影响,并考查了纳滤膜对废水的COD、浊度和SS的去除效果.在本实验条件下,纳滤膜法处理乳制品废水的最佳操作压力1.3 M Pa,进料流量28 L/m in,pH值为7.经纳滤膜处理后出水的COD为12.17 m g/L,浊度和SS均检测不到.因此,该出水可在乳制品生产过程中回用.     

关于工业遗产研究与保护的若干问题

工业革命和世界范围的工业化深刻地改变了人类的生产与生活方式,极大地影响了人类文明的进程。随着经济发展和技术更新的加快,许多具有历史文化价值的工业遗产也处于濒危的状况。工业遗产保护在最先实现工业化的西方国家首先受到重视,并逐渐引起其他国家和国际组织的关注。经过50多年的发展,工业遗产的研究已成为一个充满活力的重要领域。但我国的相关研究却刚刚起步,保护工作亟待加强。国际工业遗产保护和研究已确定了工业遗产的内涵、价值及评估标准。我国工业化历史进程中有许多具有文化意义的遗存,应在确定保护方略、进行先期调查研究的基础上,参考发达国家的经验和教训,开展我国的工业遗产研究与保护工作。     

Ethical Sharing and Reuse of Qualitative Data

The objective of this paper is to attempt to move beyond the impasse of ethical objections to reusing qualitative data. In doing so, there is no intention of dismissing the importance of ethical debates, in fact, quite the opposite. The debate about ethical reuse needs to be deepened and broadened. First, the current terrain of research ethics will be summarised and situated in the context of broader philosophical ethical frameworks. In contrast, the debates around ethics of archiving have often been narrowly focused on participants' rights. The framework of debate should be broadened first by recognising other entities traditionally deemed within the scope of research ethics, namely the scholarly community and the public. The second useful broadening of the framework is provided by a deontological ethical stance with its focus on duties. In the final section, this expanded framework will be used to rebut several common ethical arguments against archiving qualitative data: archiving violates confidentiality; informed consent for reusing data is impossible; reusing data violates trust between researcher and participant; and, archiving creates an unacceptably high risk of data misrepresentation. If a more general philosophical debate on ethics has something to contribute, the central message must be that no single ethical claim is incontestable. The conclusion will position these debates in a wider context by asking what is at stake when the boundaries of ethical discourse about sharing data are drawn too narrowly.     

城市再生水利用及市场化研究

随着水资源短缺矛盾的日益加剧,再生水作为新水源,一定程度上缓解了缺水地区水资源供需矛盾。本文首先介绍了国内外再生水的发展概况,总结出我国再生水利用存在的问题,提出再生水市场化是其得以推广利用的必要条件。并且对再生水市场化的内涵及必要性可行性进行了详细的论述,提出实现再生水市场化具体的对策。     

城市再生水回用探析——以邯郸市为例

介绍了邯郸市的水资源概况,针对邯郸市水资源短缺、地下水超采和水体污染等问题,提出了发展再生水回用事业来改善现在的水资源利用状况,并通过对再生水回用的必要性及可行性分析,阐明了再生水回用事业的应用前景,肯定了发展再生水回用事业在实现邯郸市分质供水在缓解水环境日益恶化和水资源短缺这两大危机中的重要地位。     

Construction of a Dose–Illness Relationship via Modeling Morbidity and Application to Risk Assessment of Wastewater Reuse

A disease burden (DB) evaluation for environmental pathogens is generally performed using disability‐adjusted life years with the aim of providing a quantitative assessment of the health hazard caused by pathogens. A critical step in the preparation for this evaluation is the estimation of morbidity between exposure and disease occurrence. In this study, the method of a traditional dose–response analysis was first reviewed, and then a combination of the theoretical basis of a “single‐hit” and an “infection‐illness” model was performed by incorporating two critical factors: the “infective coefficient” and “infection duration.” This allowed a dose–morbidity model to be built for direct use in DB calculations. In addition, human experimental data for typical intestinal pathogens were obtained for model validation, and the results indicated that the model was well fitted and could be further used for morbidity estimation. On this basis, a real case of a water reuse project was selected for model application, and the morbidity as well as the DB caused by intestinal pathogens during water reuse was evaluated. The results show that the DB attributed to Enteroviruses was significant, while that for enteric bacteria was negligible. Therefore, water treatment technology should be further improved to reduce the exposure risk of Enteroviruses . Since road flushing was identified as the major exposure route, human contact with reclaimed water through this pathway should be limited. The methodology proposed for model construction not only makes up for missing data of morbidity during risk evaluation, but is also necessary to quantify the maximum possible DB.     

产品包装的生态化设计

进入21世纪,人们更强调设计的环保、绿色和资源的节约,文章从包装行业中资源浪费的角度入手,分析了包装浪费的原因,提倡在包装设计的过程中,充分考虑包装可能的新功能和再利用问题,延长包装的使用寿命和流动周期,减少资源浪费,实现包装设计的生态性和绿色环保。