Enhancing the Career Planning Self-Determination of Young Adults with Mental Health Challenges

The impact of an intervention on the self-determination and career planning engagement of young adults with mental health challenges was studied. Sixty-seven young adults, 20 to 30 years of age, with mental health diagnoses (e.g., depression, bipolar disorder) were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Statistically significant greater increases were made by the intervention group versus the control group for self-determination and career planning engagement, and self-determination at least partially mediated increases in career planning engagement. With career planning self-determination interventions, young adults with mental health challenges might be able to achieve better career and life outcomes than is typical for this population.     

婚姻自主权检讨

婚姻自主权并非自古有之,它是随着社会文明的发展、人性的解放和人格的独立逐步在世界范围内确立的。我国由于封建社会的历史比较长,婚姻自主权产生较之西方国家为晚。从对我国婚姻自主权发展史的考察中,可以看出婚姻自主权的主要内容是结婚自主权,进而本文证明了婚姻自主权的性质是特别人格权。这为完善婚姻自主权制度的民法保护奠定了基础。     

国际法原则在《反分裂国家法》中的适用

2005年3月全国人民代表大会颁布的《反分裂国家法》,涉及国际法上的民族自决原则和禁止使用武力原则。原则上说,民族自决原则仅适用于殖民地或在外国统治下的领土范围,而不适用于国家内部的分离情形;禁止使用武力原则的适用范围是有一定限制的,其中一个关键限制条件是主权国家实体之间的“国际关系”。在台海问题中,理清相关问题,对正确处理两岸关系、发挥《反分裂国家法》应有的作用和制约力具有重要意义。     

绑架罪客观要件争议问题的再探讨--以绑架罪的犯罪客体为理论视角

绑架罪的犯罪客体是他人的人身自由权和第三人的自决权。立足于这一视角,绑架罪的客观行为是复合行为而非单一行为,其犯罪方法除了暴力、胁迫、麻醉外,还包括其他手段。本罪的成立不要求“以将被害人劫离原处所”为要件。     

民族自决权新议

本文主要论述了民族自决权理论的由来、在前苏联建国过程中的应用与实践 ,以及前苏联民族分离主义兴起与民族自决权理论政策的密切关系。在此基础上 ,作者指出 ,在冷战结束、殖民主义体系瓦解、世界已不存在压迫民族和被压迫民族的形势下 ,民族自决权原本包含的国家主权和民族政治独立自主权原则已不适用了 ,而民族自决权应体现为各民族公民享有符合本国国情的人权、参与国家和社会管理包括管理和决策本民族事务的民主权利和平等权利。     

瑞典修改《医疗生物银行法》对我国的启示

瑞典的《医疗生物银行法》在实施过程中出现适用范围有限、伦理原则缺失、有关职责界定不清等问题,科学界和医疗界提议出台新的生物银行法以替代旧法,促进医疗领域健康发展。瑞典新的生物银行法报告在尊重个体完整和隐私的前提下,将监管所有人类组织样本的收集、存储和使用,并将完善样本捐献者的知情同意,强化样本捐献者的自决权,增加可追溯性规定和样本库个人资料处理原则,申明生物样本跨界合作的安全问题,对正在修订《涉及人的生物医学研究伦理审查办法》的我国具有借鉴意义。     

“自由”、“平等”的呼唤——“五四”时代女作家创作论

妇女解放是"五四 "时期民主知识分子备加关注的一个问题.伴随着"人"的意识的觉醒,追求人格独立、个性自由、婚恋自主已成为"五四"时代广大知识女性的自觉要求,"五四"时代女作家本身就是这样一些知识女性.文章从分析她们的作品入手,论述了女性自身对"自由"平等"的不懈探寻.     

民族自决与民族区域自治:中共民族政策的历史考察

从主张民族自决转变到民族区域自治,中共不断探索并成功构建了符合国情的处理国内民族问题的适当模式。1940年代以前,接受列宁思想和共产国际决定,以民族自决为处理国内民族问题的方案。抗日战争期间,淡化民族自决观念,树立了民族区域自治的思想。《共同纲领》独创性地规定在全国实施民族区域自治制度。新中国成立后,宪法确认民族区域自治在国家政治制度体系中的重要地位。1980年代,第四部宪法和民族区域自治法的先后颁行,使民族区域自治制度建设进一步得以加强,民族地区经济、政治、文化及和谐社会建设全面发展。创立并实施中国特色的民族区域自治制度,坚持和发展马克思主义是思想条件。解决社会主义条件下的民族矛盾,必须坚持以经济建设为工作中心,坚持科学发展。     

Transformational leadership and optimal functioning at work: On the mediating role of employees' perceived job characteristics and motivation

This study aimed to deepen our understanding of the motivational mechanisms involved in the relationship between transformational leadership (TFL) and employee functioning. Drawing on the TFL literature, the job demands–resources model and self-determination theory, we propose an integrative model that relates TFL to employee psychological health (burnout and psychological distress), attitudes (occupational commitment and turnover intention) and performance (professional efficacy, self-reported individual and objective organizational performance) through two explanatory mechanisms: perceived job characteristics (job demands and resources) and employee motivation (autonomous and controlled). This research was conducted in two occupational settings (nurses and school principals), using a distinct variable operationalization for each. Results of both studies provide support for the hypothesized model, suggesting that TFL relates to optimal job functioning (psychological health, job attitudes and performance) by contributing to favourable perceptions of job characteristics (more resources and less demands) and high-quality work motivation (more autonomous motivation and less controlled motivation) in employees. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications as well as directions for future research are presented.     

On the psychological and motivational processes linking job characteristics to employee functioning: Insights from self-determination theory

The aim of this study was to provide insight into the differential relationships between job characteristics (job demands and resources) and employee functioning by examining the psychological and motivational processes involved. Drawing on self-determination theory, we tested a model in which job demands are positively related to negative manifestations of employee functioning (psychological distress and psychosomatic complaints) through psychological need frustration and low-quality work motivation (controlled motivation), whereas job resources are positively related to positive manifestations of employee functioning (work engagement and job performance) through need satisfaction and high-quality work motivation (autonomous motivation). Data were collected from 699 Canadian nurses. Structural equation modelling (SEM) results support the proposed model: psychological needs and work motivation partially mediated the relationship between job characteristics and employee functioning. Specifically, job demands negatively predicted employee functioning (high distress and psychosomatic complaints, low engagement and performance) through need frustration and controlled motivation. In contrast, while positively predicting need satisfaction and negatively predicting need frustration, job resources fostered optimal work motivation (more autonomous and less controlled motivation) and employee functioning. The implications for self-determination theory (SDT) and research on occupational health and stress are discussed.