现代社会的道德定位:责任自觉

在现代社会,由于工具理性的全面统治和价值理性的消褪,给现代社会所带来的后果就是世界的“祛魅”,现代人所处的道德困境是意义感的丧失。解决生命的价值和生活的意义,只能是实现责任伦理的自觉。在中国市场经济不断深入和完善的过程中,责任伦理的自觉更具有现实意义。     

Business reform outcomes: Why so different?

Post-crisis policy making increasingly focuses on doing business reforms. We argue that the effects of those reforms will be different across countries. To understand the reasons for the reform outcome divergence, we advance a novel firm-size distribution (FSDs) argument. At the center of the argument is the fact that FSDs are different across countries and stable over time. Then, if a given doing business reform induces firms of different size to grow differently, this will produce a variety of reform outcomes across countries. To advance the argument, we set up a tractable general equilibrium (GE) model and study how firms of different size grow after a doing business reform. The model predicts that larger firms will grow faster than smaller firms after the reform. The model predictions are tested on the Enterprise Surveys (ES) data, merged with the Doing Business indicators. We confirm that firms of different size grow differently after a Doing Business reform. Thus, based on the notable differences of firm size distributions across countries, identical reforms to start, operate and close a business will produce a variety of reform outcomes across countries.     

“李约瑟难题”的再探索

"李约瑟难题"至今仍然困扰着学术界.学者们从各自的角度提出了不同的解答方案,但众说纷纭,莫衷一是.笔者通过对中西科学观在思维方式、价值取向、思想观念等方面的比较,认为近代科学在欧洲出现是科学自身发展的结果,中国传统科学根本不具备产生近代科学的要素,因此西方意义上的近代科学是不可能在中国诞生的.     

克里普克“信念之谜”新探

克里普克信念之谜表明,在信念语境中从广为接受的“去引号原则”和“翻译原则”出发能够推导出矛盾。进一步分析可以揭示,矛盾的得出实际上源于经验事实的不利出现,而确定句子的真值必须充分考虑具体的情境。     

从汇率谜团到汇率决定的社会福利平价

汇率及汇率制度之争的根本在于真实汇率的确定,而众多的汇率理论及实证模型得出的结论难以统一,有的甚至背道而驰。汇率及汇率制度理论发展至今,仍然存在诸多谜团。总结汇率理论及理论、实证汇率模型的根本假设在于购买力平价、利率平价和生产力差异。从汇率形成原理和人类经济发展角度以及东西方文明的最高诉求而言,以其作为汇率及汇率制度理论的基本假设,都不甚合理。社会福利平价是我们提出的一个有关汇率及汇率制度的新的基本假设,在此基础上,可以从一个侧面更好地揭示汇率及汇率制度选择的本质,特别是关于新兴市场经济国家汇率确定及汇率制度选择的依据问题。     

In Vino Pecunia? The Association Between Beverage-Specific Drinking Behavior and Wages

The positive association between moderate alcohol consumption and wages is well documented in the economic literature. Positive health effects as well as networking mechanisms serve as explanations for the “alcohol–income puzzle.” Using individual-based microdata from the SOEP for 2006, we confirm that this relationship exists for Germany as well. More importantly, we shed light on the alcohol–income puzzle by analyzing, for the first time, the association between beverage-specific drinking behavior and wages. In our analysis, we disentangle the general wage effect of drinking into diverse effects for different types of drinkers. Mincerian estimates reveal significant and positive relationships between wine drinkers and wages as well as between multiple beverage drinkers and wages. When splitting the sample into age groups, the “drinking gain” disappears for employees under the age of 35 and increases in size and significance for higher age groups. We also find a “beer gain” for the oldest age group and male residents of rural areas as well as a “cocktail gain” for residents of urban areas. Several explanations for our empirical results are discussed in view of the likelihood that the alcohol–income puzzle is a multicausal phenomenon.

FDI’s Impact on Transitional Countries, Serbia as a Rational Choice: The FIAT-ZASTAVA Case

The privatization process and foreign direct investments (FDI) are among the most important economic issues in transitional countries. FDI has enormous influence on transitional countries that need serious structural changes. In this paper we will study FIAT’s decision to invest in the Serbian automotive industry. We will try to rationalize FIAT’s decision because Serbian car manufacturer ZASTAVA was not the only alternative for FIAT to invest in the Balkans. In order to justify FIAT’s decision we will apply the Mullins model of horizontal and vertical FDI, examine the importance of the cooperating history between two car manufacturers and compare macroeconomic conditions and Global Competitiveness of Serbia and Romania, which was the main alternative for FIAT. Finally, we will also try to explain why FIAT decided to announce the investment at the end of political campaign in Serbia when pools gave anti-European parties higher chances for victory, instead of waiting to see the outcome of the elections.

"李约瑟问题"的深层解读——从逻辑的观点看

“李约瑟问题”至今仍然困扰着学术界。学者们从各自的角度提出了不同的解答方案 ,但众说纷纭 ,莫衷一是。笔者从逻辑学的角度对“李约瑟问题”深层解读后认为 :“李约瑟问题”的重大意义在于启发我们对“科学”和“技术”的区分及其内在机制进行再思考 ;造成中国古代没有科学和近代科学落后的关键因素是逻辑传统的缺乏。     

顾客满意之谜

顾客满意是现代市场营销以及其他管理学科的核心概念。但是迄今为止,国内外学者还没有就顾客满意的定义等达成共识。本文在对顾客满意的定义、形成原因进行理论研究的基础上,分析了顾客满意对企业绩效的作用,最后探讨了顾客满意理论未来的研究方向。     

知识论语境主义对怀疑主义难题的解答

怀疑主义难题是怀疑主义最基本的论证形式,知识论语境主义是当代西方知识论中占支配地位的反怀疑主义理论。知识的归因具有语境敏感性,受归因对象和归因主体的影响。进行知识归因必须遵循语境补全原则和最佳知识论语境原则,运用知识论语境主义可以对怀疑主义难题作出新的解答。