A qualitative comparative analysis of strategies for an ageing society, with special reference to pension and employment policies

The primary purpose of this study is to typify the respondent strategies of the OECD countries based on the interconnected structure of income and employment guarantees. More specifically, this article seeks to typify welfare policies into four types (welfare-to-work, welfare emphasis, labour emphasis, market emphasis) based on the leniency of the pension system and active state intervention in employment security. With the resultant four types, this article then places them as the dependent variable while incorporating per capita GDP, aged dependency ratio, pension maturity level, union density, constitutional structure index and degree of decommodification as causal variables. Through this process, this article aims to derive the decisive variable for each type through qualitative comparative analysis.     

Sexual Health Services for Homeless Youth: A Qualitative Analysis of their Experiences

The sexual health problems experienced by homeless youth bring into question their use of available sexual health services. Using a qualitative typological analysis, this study aims to identify sexual health services utilization profiles for homeless youth, and to understand the role of the homeless experience on the utilization of sexual health services. Individual interviews were conducted with 33 homeless youth (17 men, 16 women) between 18 and 25?years of age. Typological analysis identified four profiles: (1) a targeted use of sexual health services to determine one’s serological status following a relational change during the homeless experience; (2) a limited use of sexual health services to manage sexual emergencies that arise during the homeless experience; (3) a regular use of sexual health services to avoid the risks associated with the homeless experience; (4) a frequent use of sexual health services to obtain support when engaging in prostitution during the homeless experience. This study shows that the precarious and unstable conditions within the homeless experience incite youth to utilize sexual health services in different ways. These findings point to the importance of rethinking sexual health services to better adapt them to the different utilization profiles of homeless youth.     

The contributions of welfare typologies to international social work practices

This paper is concerned with the link between studies of welfare typologies and studies of international social work. Its objective is to show how welfare typologies could be used to strengthen the role of international social work practices to support international exchange of ideas on welfare issues. To meet this objective, three analytical tasks are implemented. The first task is to show that professional imperialism could weaken the potential of international social work practices to promote international exchange of ideas on welfare issues. The second task is to discuss the importance of welfare typologies in supporting the development of international social work by challenging professional imperialism. The third task is to discuss a research project on a defamilization typology. This project provides empirical evidence of the contributions made by welfare typologies to international social work practices.     

对"进步"概念的哲学重审——兼评建构主义的"进步"观念

本文通过考察进步概念的起源和演进,指出了在哲学上重审这一概念的必要性与可能性。通过分析进步概念所包含的两个基本因素,即事实因素和价值因素,以及进步的过去向度和未来向度,作者勾画了进步概念的基本结构,探讨了人类为何可以朝积极的方向塑造未来。虽然进步意味着向好的方向转化,但进步的时间结构并不以直线性的方式展开。开放的进步观与开放的理性观密切相关。对强进步类和弱进步类的区分表明,进步的标准是多样的。但从政治人类学的观点来看,进步要以增进人的自由、尊严与幸福为目标。我们虽然要以进步的观点看进步,但我们也需要以批判的观点看进步,因为进步不仅解决问题,而且产生问题。     

论类型学的定义与范畴

探讨类型学的实质及其研究范围,以寻求真正适合国内教学与研究实践的类型学理论极具意义。文章梳理了国内比较文学教材对类型学的定义,发现大多只强调类同性的研究,而忽视对异质性的关注。在这一理论的指导下,中国大多数类型学研究只强调求同。这与俄苏的历史类型学求同存异的学术旨趣是不同的。曹顺庆教授提倡类型学的异质研究,既是对俄苏历史类型学研究思路的回归,更偏重于寻求不同文化的异质性。类型学异质研究是第三世界国家在跨文明语境下开展类型学类同研究陷入困境时的一种努力,这对构建民族自信心,维护世界多元文化和谐的生态环境有积极的意义。本文认为真正完整而有可操作性的类型学研究应该包括两个步骤：先进行类同研究,然后再进行异质研究。     

Translation Strategies of C-E Business Contract From the Perspective of Functionalist Text Typology Theory

According to the functionalist text typology theory, there is no single absolute translation strategy, which can guide all translation activities. The core of the functionalist text typology theory in translation studies is that different types of texts require different translation strategies. This paper intends to bring forward three translation strategies on C-E business contract translation from the perspective of functionalist text typology theory.     

文本类型理论与商务英语翻译

文本类型理论是德国学者赖斯与英国学者纽马克根据语言功能对文本进行功能划分的理论，它为翻译过程提供了具体的、可操作的方法。从文本类型翻译理论入手，概述文本类型理论的翻译指导思想，并通过商务英语文本翻译的实例分析，说明在此理论指导下的商务英语文本翻译所应遵循的翻译原则和策略。     

汉语否定处置句研究

否定是语言中普遍存在的一种现象,是语法中的重要范畴。就汉语处置句而言,根据否定词出现的位置,否定处置句可分为两种类型：否定前置处置句,否定后置处置句。这两种否定处置句的产生与处置介词语法化的句法环境有密切的关系。否定词前后位置的不同,其否定辖域及否定焦点也随之有所变化。否定词否定辖域及否定焦点和语用因素是两种否定处置句一直广泛存在于汉语方言的一个重要的内在动因,同时阿尔泰语否定词紧靠动词的语序对新疆、甘肃等地汉语方言处置句否定词的位置也有一定影响。     

The Johnson Typologies of Intimate Partner Violence: An Investigation of Their Representation in a General Population of New Zealand Women

Typologies of intimate partner violence (IPV) can inform practice and aid with the development of interventions. To maintain utility, typologies should be constantly reviewed in light of emerging results generated from internal and external validation. The presented study is an empirical exploration of the M. P. Johnson (2008 Johnson, M. P. (2008). A typology of domestic violence: Intimate terrorism, violent resistance, and situational couple violence. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press. [Google Scholar]) typology of IPV using data gathered from the New Zealand replication of the World Health Organization Violence Against Women survey. We could not identify all types of IPV described by Johnson, and we suggest that mutually exclusive types of violent relationships do not exist. Further exploration of the validity of the Johnson typologies, including an exploration of the utility of categorization for suggesting appropriate responses to IPV, is required.     

意识形态层次类型的生成及其变迁

传统理论通常仅从阶级对立关系把意识形态归结为理论体系,忽视了意识形态的多种层次类型。依据意识形态信守主体的不同,可以将其划分为总体意识形态、群体意识形态和个体意识形态。三种层次的意识形态在生成方式、表现形式和演化进程等方面既有密切联系,又有明显区别。在经济社会和思想文化快速发展的新形势下,应当突破把意识形态仅仅归结为理论体系的抽象认识,直面各种层次生动而复杂的意识形态现象,真实而具体地把握不同社会层面意识形态的新变化与新特点。