Who is a Distracted Driver? Associations between Mobile Phone Use while Driving,Domain‐Specific Risk Taking,and Personality

Mobile phone use while driving (MPUWD) is an increasingly common form of distracted driving. Given its widespread prevalence, it is important for researchers to identify factors that may predict who is more likely to engage in this risky behavior. The current study investigates associations between MPUWD risk behaviors, domain‐specific risk perceptions, and broad personality dimensions. An Italian community sample (n = 804) completed a survey regarding MPUWD risk perceptions and engagement in MPUWD, in addition to the HEXACO‐PI‐R, a broad six‐factor personality inventory (honesty‐humility, emotionality, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience), and the DOSPERT, a six‐factor domain‐specific self‐report risk‐taking measure (health/safety, recreational, social, ethical, gambling, and investment). With respect to domain‐specific risk taking, greater frequency of SMS use while driving most strongly was associated with greater risk taking for the health/safety, gambling, and ethical risk domains. Further, greater honesty‐humility and conscientiousness, two traits related to cognitive control and risk behaviors, and to a lesser extent openness to experience, were associated with less frequent MPUWD, and positively associated with MPUWD risk perceptions. With growing public safety concern surrounding MPUWD, understanding associated personality factors is not only important for identifying psychological mechanisms underlying risk behavior, but also for more effective prevention and intervention programs.     

曹雪芹的无神论思想——兼论高鹗的神权观

曹雪芹的无神论思想在《红楼梦》前八十回中有大量体现,其中虽然写了许多神仙的故事,但是这些神仙的名字都叫茫茫大士,渺渺真人,空空道人,警幻仙姑;而地名则叫大荒山,无稽压,太虚幻境等等.曹的用意十分明确:这些不过是渺、茫、空、幻,荒诞的无稽之谈,属于"贾(假)语村言",和此书不记何年何代,地点可南可北一样,都是为了给此书蒙上一层虚无飘渺的色彩,以掩盖其现实严肃的政治内容.曹雪芹虽写了一系列神话故事,但一写到现实的和尚,尼姑,道士,道婆一类人物,大都采取揭露和批判的态度.与高鹗在后四十回中大量传播神权和因果报应得封建迷信思想,形成鲜明的对比.     

宋代文化政策宽明原因新探

宋代文化政策之宽明,作为一种历史现象,是由多种历史条件交合作用而形成的。首先是宋以前中国多元文化格局及宽明文化政策历史传承的结果;其次是宋代抑武重文集权措施之偏倚所造成;另外,“皇帝与士大夫共治天下”的政治格局,使士大夫思想自由、精神独立,对皇权进行约束,是宽明文化政策之保障。     

论国民政府“苦撑待变”外交战略

"苦撑待变"是太平洋战争爆发前国民政府的抗日外交战略.一般认为,该战略是在全面抗战爆发后提出的,其特征是消极待援.本文认为,"苦撑待变"战略是在全面抗战前数年就产生的.它的提出是国民政府对中国国情与国际地位、对日本侵略野心和国际形势演变趋势正确判断的必然产物.中国政府为实施这一外交战略,进行了积极的外交活动,这主要表现在进行舆论宣传、努力争取外援、呼吁制裁侵略及反对妥协和倡议反侵略国家进行合作等方面."苦撑待变"的实质是积极促进国际形势朝向有利于中国的方向演变,而非一味消极待变.苦撑待变战略的实施,使中国赢得了国际社会的尊重,促成了国际形势的演变,因而是成功的外交战略.     

随钻声波测井数据实时压缩算法

针对随钻测井信号低传输速率特性，结合随钻声波测井时数据量大的实际，研究了波列数据实时在线压缩算法。在分析随钻声波测井信号特征的基础上，建立了基线和波形相结合的分段压缩     

传统文论诠释中的视界融合问题

在中国社会百年的现代化进程中,文学乃至整个文化观念似总难摆脱“荣今虐古”与“荣古虐今”之二元对立,这在中国文论研究中表现为一直没有很好地解决“视界融合”问题。古文论研究主要是对传统经典的诠释活动,其中传统经典的历史视界与现在研究者的理论视界之间必须保持必要的张力,这种必要张力的废弛是导致学术视域封闭化进而产生“荣今虐古”与“荣古虐今”二元对立的重要原因之一,而古与今、中与西等不同文化视野之间不断的良性的深度融合,乃是超越这种二元对立、充分展示人类文学思想丰富性的必要途径,同时也是中国文论走向融会贯通、综合创造进而形成一种开放的理论视界的重要途径。     

中国现代文学之雅俗互动

中国现代文学之雅俗互动 ,经历了几个阶段 :有以雅携俗的 ,有相克中相生的 ,有相辅而未必相成的 ,有善于融会而相得益彰的 ,有物极必反的 ,凡此种种都隐含着历史的深刻的经验与教训。有志于通俗文学创作的作家应学习中国历史与中国社会 ,学习中国文化传统 ,总结前人通俗文学创作的经验 ,在融会贯通与创作实践中形成自己的作品特色和体系     

中国诗书画艺术的观照方式

“仰观俯察”、“远取近求”的艺术观照方式,构筑了华夏民族独特的认识自然、省悟人生的思维及审美模式和艺术生成发展的基础,形成了中国诗文、书法、绘画等艺术形式特有的品格特征。     

A study exploring factors of decision to text while walking among college students based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study attempted to identify critical predictors of intention to both send and read texts while walking based on Theory of Planned Behavior in order to provide resources for practitioners and campaign designers to inform college students of the perils of texting while walking and dissuade them from such a risky behavior. Participants: Three hundred twenty-nine college students were recruited from a large public university in the Southwest in September 2014. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey design. Results: Subjective norm (sending: B = .17, p = .02; reading: B = .17, p = .04), personal norms (sending: B = ?.32, p = .001, reading: B = ?.35, p = .001), and self-efficacy (sending: B = ?.27, p = .001; reading: B = ?.24, p = .001) were significant predictors of intention to both send and read text messages while walking. Conclusions: For students who have greater intention of texting while walking, persuasive communication should utilize normative influence and self-efficacy to discourage texting while walking.     

坚持问题导向 建设制造强国

建设制造强国,是实现党的十八大战略目标的重要组成部分。在中国改革开放以来经济增长过程中,制造业发挥了巨大的作用,2012年稳中求进目标的实现印证了这一点。在全球制造业领域经济竞争日益激烈的背景下,必须坚持问题导向思路,分析中国制造业发展存在的现实不足与制约因素,坚持反泡沫经济原则,采取科学合理的政策促进制造业做大做强。