大学毕业生职业成熟度与职业决策自我效能感的关系研究

职业决策自我效能感是影响职业成熟度的因素之一,是了解职业行为重要指标。研究职业成熟度与职业决策自我效能感的关系,有助于为高校毕业生的职业选择提供实际的指导和帮助。研究结果表明：大学毕业生职业成熟度总体水平不高;受专业、家庭所在地、父母文化程度、父母期望、大学期间是否担任过学生干部、兼职工作是否与专业有关等因素影响;大学毕业生职业成熟度与职业决策自我效能感在部分维度上显著相关。     

产业规制中的决策行为及其属性——一个解说政府和厂商行为的分析框架

现有的关于产业规制中的政府和厂商决策行为的分析和研究,受理性经济人范式的影响极为深刻,它通常以效用最大化为原则将政府和厂商的行为属性理解或描述为理性决策.其实,无论是产业规制中的政府立法、司法和执行的实际运作,还是垄断性或竞争性厂商对规制政策的应对,都或多或少存在着非理性决策的成分,并且其决策行为在一定程度上会偏离效用最大化.规制经济理论的发展离不开对政府和厂商的决策行为及其属性的研究,而研究决策行为属性则需要有可行的分析路径.如果我们在评说规制经济学相关理论的基础上能对政府和厂商的行为属性有创新式理解,将有助于规制理论框架的重塑.     

Mature unwed mothers in Israel: Socio-moral and psychological dilemmas

Today, more than ever, women can control their own fertility and dissociate it from long-term intimacy. Among the types of nonmarital fertility, one of the least studied and often most controversial is the phenomenon of childbearing out of wedlock among mature women who are threatened by their own biological clock. It is estimated that there are about 3,000 mature unwed mothers in Israel. No psychological study of this population has so far been undertaken. This article attempts to delineate the demographic characteristics, the reasons for pregnancy, and the moral dilemma of 50 unwed mothers who deliberately decide to give birth as single mothers when they are over the age of 30.Ruth Linn is a senior lecturer in Education, School of Education, Haifa University, Israel 31999. Her research interests include conscientious objection, moral judgment of men and women, socio-moral conflicts in the family, and early childhood education. She received her Ed.D. from the School of Education at Boston University.     

基于实物期权理论重构企业投资决策方法体系

传统的投资决策方法是一种广泛应用的以货币的时间价值为基础的投资决策方法,它已越来越不能适应当今充满风险和不确定性的市场需要.而引入实物期权理论恰好能克服传统投资决策方法所存在的缺陷.为此,本文从理论上和技术上阐述了重构企业投资决策方法体系的可能性,并由此提出了研究内容的基本框架.     

Priorities and determinants of priorities of Swedish social workers

Priority setting is an integrated part of social work, in Sweden as well as internationally. In this article we explore Swedish social services and how social workers make priorities and what these priorities involve. By use of regression analysis we also study what circumstances are of importance for allocative precedence and what impact different distributive principles have. One primary result is that priorities are made frequently by social workers—mostly on what cases to work with next and how much time to spend on every client. Another somewhat expected result is a manifest area bias, suggesting that respondents tend to see to the interests of their own professional domain. The principle of need proved to be the most important of the distributive principles studied, while principles of capacity to benefit and economy were more endorsed by officials working with elderly and disabled than those in other sectors.     

幼儿园教师课程决策的特征及保障机制

教师参与课程决策是当下我国幼儿园课程开发的一种现实需要。幼儿园教师课程决策的特征主要体现在:教师课程决策贯穿于幼儿园课程运行的全过程;教师课程决策主要从集体决策和个体决策两个层面展开;教师课程决策的方式通常以直觉决策为主;教师课程决策主要受其自身知识和信念的影响。基于上述特征,为确保幼儿教师课程决策的成效,应进一步通过赋权来增强教师的课程主体作用,利用多种途径来增强教师的课程决策能力,并积极为教师提供多种资源与环境的支持。     

决策、执行与监督三分的内在逻辑

建立健全决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调的权力结构和运行机制需要认清决策、执行与监督三分的内在逻辑.文章认为,决策活动、执行活动与监督活动的三事分工是决策、执行与监督三分的逻辑起点;决策职能、执行职能与监督职能的三职分定是决策、执行与监督三分的关键环节;决策责任、执行责任与监督责任的三责分置是决策、执行与监督三分的核心要素;决策权、执行权与监督权的三权分立是决策、执行与监督三分的逻辑结果.概言之,决策、执行与监督三分的内在逻辑是:三事分工→三职分定→三责分置→三权分立.这一逻辑揭示出,决策、执行与监督三分是具有普适意义的权力结构和运行机制分析方式.     

长期失能老人照料决策研究——以个人资本为视角

本文运用半结构式访谈的研究方法,从需要长期照料即长期失能老人的视角出发,引入林南的个人资本理论来分析老人的长期照料决策。通过对武汉市和广州市13名居家和21名居住在养老院的长期失能老人的访谈,发现对于城市长期失能老人的照料决策而言：第一,长期照料决策受到资本不平等的影响;第二,长期照料决策受到资源收益最大化的影响。     

Family life cycle differences for shopping styles,information use,and decision-making

This article identifies shopping styles, information use, and decision-making differences by family life cycle stage in a purchase of a durable good. Data were collected using mailed questionnaires. The sample consists of 378 cases. Data are analyzed using factor analyses, analysis of variance, and cross tabulations. The shopping style factor indicates younger adults are brand conscious. The consumer factor indicates that people in older life cycle stages read more than people in younger life cycle stages. The inexperience factor indicates single parents, younger families, and younger adults are more inexperienced. The decision-making variable indicates that younger adults and single parents make decisions by themselves and younger families make decisions with their spouses. Reasons for purchases indicate that single parents do not own the product, older families are replacing, and retirees want new product characteristics.Leona K. Hawks is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Home Economics and Consumer Education, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-2910. She received her Ed.D. from Brigham Young University. Her current research interests include consumer decision-making and behavior.Norleen M. Ackerman is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Home Economics and Consumer Education, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-2910. She received her Ph.D. from Michigan State University. Her current research interests include consumer purchase behavior, family financial security, and life quality of farm families.