公共政策终结的障碍及其原因——以驻京办撤销为例

公共政策终结是政策过程的最后一个环节,在政策过程中占有重要地位。政策终结有利于改进政策系统,提高政策效率。但是政策终结障碍重重:非理性因素引发政策终结的心理障碍,信息不对称产生政策终结的认知障碍,机构的持久性形成政策终结的组织障碍,资源配置的不合理导致政策终结的利益障碍。     

宋代朝廷与地方之间的"文字"传递--围绕邸报及其相关问题而展开

诸多资料表明,宋代凡是进奏院下发到各地的"文字"原则上都可以称为邸报,其称谓有"报状"、"进奏官报"、"进奏官报状",等等,本质上都是为了将中央的有关方针政策、朝廷内外人事任免以及其它各种文件和指示传达到地方.同时,地方相关政务亦需向朝廷汇报,经过有关部门"批示"后再由进奏院负责转发下去.显而易见,这是宋代权力运作的重要侧面,也是集权体制的必要环节,一方面,地方官员从邸报可以了解一些朝廷动向和"施设",并加以贯彻执行,另一方面,中央也能通过邸报从某种程度上控制和掌握地方政务.     

Testing Satisfaction with a Group-based Social Work Field Liaison Model: A Controlled Mixed Methods Study

Social work field education programs rely on the liaison process to oversee and support students during their placement and to assist them to integrate theory and practice. However, the role and importance of liaison has been threatened as social work programs seek alternative and cost-effective ways to undertake these functions. This paper presents findings from a pilot study investigating levels of satisfaction among students and field educators with an innovative group liaison model compared to a control group who experienced the standard liaison practice. Fifty-three students and 47 field educators completed the survey. Twenty-one of the students and 10 of the educators received the intervention (the group liaison); the remaining 32 students and 37 educators received the standard liaison process (the control group). Students in the intervention group reported significantly higher levels of satisfaction with all aspects of the liaison experience than students who received the standard liaison process. Field educators were more positive about liaison than students. This study reaffirms the contribution of face-to-face liaison contact to the student learning experience on placement and suggests that strengthening, rather than devaluing, the liaison role could be a useful strategy to encourage the field’s ongoing commitment to provision of quality placement-based learning opportunities.

IMPLICATIONS

• Highlights the importance of face-to-face liaison contact to the student learning experience on placement.

• Examines social work student and field educator perceptions of and satisfaction with the liaison process and content.

• Describes a group liaison model that potentially offers a cost effective way to undertake the role.

     

学科馆员架起大学图书馆与院系间教学科研的桥梁

现代信息技术的发展 ,有力地推动着图书馆向自动化、数字化、网络化的方向发展 ,同时 ,也使大学图书馆为用户服务的方式经历着巨大的变革。学科馆员就是由此应运而生的。学科馆员制度体现了现代图书馆的用户服务模式——主动资讯服务。本文介绍了学科馆员的产生、学科馆员在促进图书馆资源利用与建设方面所起的作用以及用户对学科馆员制度的反映 ,并结合国内情况 ,指出要使学科馆员制度能有效地运作 ,还需建立一套相应的管理措施     

Being the University: Liaison Persons' Reflections on Placements with Off-Site Supervision

Social work as a profession, social work practitioners and organisations, as well as social work educators are under strain due to global, economic, social and political changes and workplace pressures. Field education is recognised as pivotal in preparing social work students for professional practice. As social work practitioners, organisations and social work educators are exposed to external and internal pressures, social work practice learning with off-site supervision is becoming more prevalent. This paper reports on research that explored the experiences of key stakeholders in social work practice learning with external or, in other words, off-site supervision. This paper explores the experiences of university liaison persons who provided supported field education arrangements with off-site supervision. A range of themes have emerged, including reflections about bringing the university to the placement experience, creating student centred placement opportunities, the complexity of connecting the various players and the extra support and resources needed to support placements with off-site supervision. Findings suggest that quality learning experiences are about more than modes of supervision, that placements with off-site supervision increase the workload of liaison persons and that clear models and structures need to be developed to support emerging field education models.