唐代狩猎诗论

唐代狩猎诗数量虽不多,但作者涉及面广,无疑是辉煌灿烂的唐诗中一道独特亮丽的风景线。唐代狩猎诗创作的繁荣,与唐代朝野普遍尚猎的风尚及文人入幕、从军边塞活动密切相关。唐人狩猎诗内容丰富,形式多样,特点鲜明,于中还透露出崇猎尚武、积极进取的时代精神。     

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Personality: Assessing Knowledge Profiling and the Work Preference Inventory in a Thai Population

Abstract

Personality trait theories are often used to identify particular personality or behavioural characteristics of potential employees by human resource management departments. However, this can be enhanced by understanding how motivation plays a role in personality, and particularly within the context of knowledge-based personality processes. The paper draws on knowledge management theory called Knowledge Profiling (KP) in which a theoretical construct has been developed representing personality through a set of three traits and their polar values. This model has previously been linked to the trait theory of personality called Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). This research adopts KP, develops its linkage with MBTI, and elaborates on its connection with motivation. The resulting model, referred to as Knowledge Profiling Motivational (KPM) model, is developed by connecting it with the Work Preference Inventory (WPI), which assesses individual differences in Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivational orientations. Analysis indicates that KPM is an improvement on the KP model in representing personality. Moreover, the research suggests that personality traits are not limited to a bipolar relationship but that there are relationships between traits as well.     

论《红楼梦》中体态语的运用

鸿篇巨著<红楼梦>中大量体态语的妙用是曾雪芹塑造人物形象的一个重要手段.根据体态语的形式,<虹楼梦>中个性迥异的人物所表现出的体态语可分为三大类:表情语、手势语、体姿语.体态语独特的功能、特征使其在塑造人物方面起着巨大作用.     

二语习得心理研究新视角:二语动机自我系统

本文从心理学派立场出发,着重论述了"二语动机自我系统"这一理论新视角和实证研究展望。二语动机自我系统以自我可能理论以及自我不一致理论为基础,兼容社会心理学派与社会文化学派的理论,以理想二语自我、应该二语自我和二语学习经验三个维度为二语动机研究提供了研究基础和新的理论支持,体现了对学习者整体"人"的关注以及对于多元性、动态性的注重。这一趋势为我们考察全球化背景下中国英语学习者的社会心理提供重要的启发。     

一个成功外语学习者的二语动机自我系统个案研究

二语动机研究在近几十年成为二语习得研究的一个重要领域,而近五年来"自我"和"身份"概念的引入使得二语动机研究朝着一个更加动态的视角转变。借鉴Drnyei的"二语动机自我系统"理论与Ushioda的"情境中的人"的相对观,采用个案研究的方法,通过对一个成功的外语学习者Bill的访谈、反思日志以及博客质性数据的搜集分析,探讨其在学习英语过程中动机自我系统的动态构建,发现其"理想二语自我"、"应该二语自我"及其"学习经验"之间存在交互关系,并且其动机二语系统有两种独特表现形式,即"努力行为"以及"英语功能观"。     

新疆资源利用中的行为倾向及其市场化途径分析

新疆在资源利用中存在着一些突出的问题,如过度开发、主观随意性开发、低技术水平开发等.原因是多方面的.必须充分认识"资源型"经济的脆弱性,克服资源利用中有悖于市场原则的行为倾向,实现资源市场化管理,使资源开发利用与经济可持续发展达到统一.     

Appetitive and impulsive: Examining alcohol use via the motivational and self-control systems

This study examines how trait differences in the appetitive and defensive systems and how automatic, impulsive and deliberate, reflective responses to alcohol cues predict overall alcohol use. By utilizing a measure of trait motivational activation and measures of implicit and explicit attitudes toward alcohol that indicate the self-control system – impulsive vs. reflective – that determines behavior, this research demonstrates that higher trait appetitive system activity, ASA, and positive impulsive/implicit alcohol attitudes independently predict alcohol use, while trait defensive system activation, DSA, and explicit attitudes toward alcohol did not independently predict use.     

Motivational postures and compliance with environmental law in Australian agriculture

Motivational posture theory is applied and extended to the context of Australian agriculture and environmental regulation. Regulatory failure in this area has been observed but little was known of the compliance attitudes and behaviours of farmers prior to this study. Agriculture covers over 60% of Australia’s land surface so this information is vital if environmental sustainability is to be achieved. A mail survey of 5235 farmers across Australia was conducted to examine motivational postures and attitudes to government, environmental problems, environmental laws and regulations and farm management behaviours. Four postures are empirically derived: one associated with compliance, here labelled “Aligned”, and three associated with non- or creative compliance: one Disengaged, one Game playing and one Resistant. Analysis of the characteristics of each group demonstrates that motivational postures are related to place, jurisdiction and degree of regulatory alignment: the degree of agreement between regulatees and regulators on the latter’s role and on the content, process and aims of regulatory interventions. Game players eschew a role for government. The Aligned support both government and regulations. Postures were predictive of beyond compliance behaviour. The Aligned were more likely to undertake beyond compliance behaviours and Game players least likely. Fiscal limitations were identified as restricting beyond compliance behaviours by many farmers. Environmental regulations are often contentious and therefore these findings may be helpful to authorities to more effectively engender compliance so that on-ground outcomes may be secured.     

Enhancing Employee Engagement via Leaders’ Motivational Language in times of crisis: Perspectives from the COVID-19 outbreak

By bridging theoretical perspectives from diverse disciplines including public relations, organizational communication, psychology, and management, this study advances a sequential mediation process model that links leaders’ motivational communication—specifically, direction-giving, empathetic, and meaning-making language—to employees’ organizational engagement during times of crisis. The model incorporates employees’ psychological needs satisfaction and their subsequent crisis coping strategies so as to explain the process that underlies the effects of leader communication on employee engagement. We tested the model in a unique yet underexplored crisis context: organizational crises triggered by the global pandemic of COVID-19. The results of an online survey of 490 full-time U.S. employees provide strong support to the model’s predictions. Our research extends internal crisis communication scholarship in public relations by addressing what types of leader communication strategies as well as how these strategies contribute to employee engagement in a holistic fashion. It also advances theoretical development of the motivational language theory, self-determination theory, transactional model of stress and coping, and organizational engagement—the four theoretical bases of our study—in the context of organizational crises. Lastly, the study results provide timely practical insights on effective internal crisis communication.     

浅谈短跑运动员的合理姿势

对短跑运动员来说 ,合理的身体姿势起到相当重要的作用 ,它能使短跑运动员用比较小的力量就能够使身体的移动速度达到最快水平。这充分体现了田径运动中的经济性和实效性 ,并能提高短跑运动成绩。