呼吁进步和平观的确立与马克思主义和平哲学的创建——和谐社会与和谐世界的哲学启示

以胡锦涛同志为总书记的中国共产党,坚持理论与实践创新,自党的十六大以来,在国内提出要建构社会主义和谐社会,在国际上则大力倡导和谐世界的理念,由此中国传统的和谐观念在21世纪初上升为马克思主义政治哲学的崭新范畴,从而也为我们确立富有时代内涵的进步和平观、创立马克思主义的和平哲学提供了广阔的理论与实践平台。     

Reducing attitudes of prejudice and discrimination through literature: a quasi-experiment on the upper key-stage 2 students of the British schools in Karachi,Pakistan

This study aims to explore the efficacy of literature relating to Anne Frank to reduce children’s attitudes of prejudice and discrimination with respect to specific dimensions, including ethnicity and race, religion and gender. A quasi-experiment was employed with pre-post control design. The sample consisted of 100 students of the upper key-stage 2 (UKS2) level, recruited from the two British schools in Karachi. These schools represented an Experimental Group (EG) and a matched Comparison Group (CG). A research instrument titled ‘Muggles world of differences’ (MWD) was developed and validated. It was administered on CG and EG, both before and after intervention. The intervention plan ‘Reading of Young Anne’s Literature’ (ROYAL) was developed based on selected readings from Anne Frank related literature (AFL). Intervention was provided to EG, while CG studied similar concepts using a more standard method. Results of the pretest revealed a high level of prejudice and discrimination in both the EG and CG, with no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the overall scores, as well as in the specific content domains. However, the post-test of the two groups revealed that the students in the EG had outperformed their CG counterparts in overall MWD scores, as well as in specific content domains. The difference was found to be significant (p < 0.05) with the large effect size (r = ?0.63). Results support the efficacy of teaching Anne Frank related literature in reducing attitudes of prejudice and discrimination.     

均势和平论剖析

均势是个理论内涵丰富,实践操作复杂的国际战略,从近代以来它一直为西方政治家、战略家和外交家所推崇,因为他们相信均势能够给“自然状态”下的国际社会带来和平愿景。本文对国际国内学术界关于和平与均势的定义、特征、分类以及均势的功用等方面所取得的研究成果进行梳理,对国际关系理论范式关于均势与和平互动解读的得失作一个客观性评价。     

冷峭中的温情——论穆旦1976年的诗

对穆旦1976年的诗,很多人评论其诗作中有深重的“冬天意识”和“死亡意识”,而对诗人1976年的诗作按其写作时间的先后进行梳理研究,发现其诗中除了所谓的“冬天意识”和“死亡意识”之外,还有一种内在的温情的暗流在涌动,而且这种温情越来越浓,这也反映了诗人在1976年的心路历程。     

Jewish power and powerlessness: Prague Zionists and the Paris Peace Conference

This article explores how perceptions of Jewish power shaped the negotiations between Czechoslovak leaders and Jewish minority representatives at the time of the Paris Peace Conference. In the aftermath of the First World War, Prague-based Zionists embarked on a mission to convince Czechoslovak elites that attacks on Jews were detrimental to the internal stability of the new state and to Czechoslovak interests abroad. As Edvard Bene?, the head of the Czechoslovak delegation in Paris, worked to cultivate an image of the new state as more “Western” and “civilised” than other successor states – a strategy meant to garner international support for Czechoslovak territorial demands and its projected absorption of large minority populations – Jewish activists encouraged his uncertainty with regard to Jews' influence on Western audiences and statesmen. They did so in order to convince him to accept their demands for special protection clauses for the new country's Jews. The paper thus shows that the unprecedented victimisation of Jews and the upsurge in antisemitism during and after the war coexisted with a new bold and public Jewish activism. Yet, Jewish leaders did not in the end have the ability to convince Bene? and his colleagues to give in to international Jewish demands for special protection. Instead, they sought to cultivate a strategic alliance between the state's Czech elite and the Jewish minority which centred on the claim that Czechoslovakia was a particularly welcoming and tolerant place for Jews, an image that would evolve into a significant component of the myth of Czechoslovakia as an island of democracy in Eastern Europe.     

和平对我们意味着什么？

从普世的层面来说,和平指的是人类作为一个共同体之内部的和谐相处关系状态。在比较具体的层面,可以将和平放置在中国历史、传统、文化,以及现实处境的场域中来做充分注意文化差异性的思考。和平是一种宁静的状态,是一切公共关系、秩序的最高原则。真正、持久的和平必须建立在一种珍视和平价值的文化基础上。人类必须建设一种浓郁的和平文化,使之成为比竞争文化更为基础性的自觉。世界和平是世界人民的诉求,必须由世界人民通过对话、交流、融合建设起来。和平是所有人类的根本需求,是最值得珍视的人类社会状态,保持和平,需要建设和平的文化,也需要国际秩序保障机制的改革建设。     

美国在巴以和平进程中的角色调整

伊拉克战后的安全问题令布什政府的外交政策备受国内外批评,使得后布什时代的美国政府将解决巴以问题作为突破口,一改往日对巴以问题的冷漠态度,转而主动推动巴以和平进程,采用多重"遏制战略"和"平衡战略"以实现自身角色的调整。然而,由于巴以问题的复杂性和美国全球霸权结构的利己性,布什政府的角色调整对于巴以和平进程具有双重绩效。     

中国的和平崛起不会对其他国家构成威胁——历史、现实与未来的三重维度分析

文章以中国传统文化中“和”的理念为分析视角，从历史、现实和未来的三重维度分析中国和合文化的内涵，认为历史上中国是一个爱好和平的内敛型国家，现在选择的是和平崛起的发展战略，共建和谐世界是中国实现崛起的终极目标。文章对“中国军事威胁论”进行驳斥，认为中国的和平崛起不会对其他国家构成威胁。     

"嘉祐之治"问题探论

"嘉祐之治"之提法是在北宋后期废新法复旧政的背景下出现的。南宋及以后朝代士大夫对"嘉祐之治"亦屡作称颂。笔者认为后人对"嘉祐之治"之称述并非毫无根据。仁宗嘉祐时期尽管存在这样那样的问题,但相对而言,却在短时期内表现为社会安定、人才之盛、政治清明诸景象,是两宋政治的最好时期。此问题向不为宋史研究者所注意,缘于研究者对变法问题之态度。学者们多以为王安石变法前,北宋社会存在诸多问题,而忽视或不愿承认在短期内出现过良好政治局面之事实。