《想起草原》:邓一光的"生命传奇"

简单地题材归类不足以对邓一光的作品进行准确的解读,"生命传奇"是邓一光作品的共有特色。邓一光的"生命观"具有超社会性、超时空性和本体性;其生命人物、生命故事和生命叙事都具有"生命传奇"的特点。邓一光的"生命传奇"也有其不足之处。     

An evaluation of the childhood family structure measures from the sixth wave of the British Household Panel Survey

Summary.  The paper performs an evaluation of the data that were collected in the sixth wave of the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) on childhood family structure. After comparing such data with a large number of studies by using external sources, we find that the BHPS data overestimate the proportion of people who report an experience of life in a non-intact family during childhood by about 10%. Although an explanation based on recall error that deteriorates with the age of the BHPS respondents is possible, the overestimation is likely to be accounted for by non-ignorable attrition that may affect most of the comparison studies based on longitudinal data. Conversely, comparisons with other independent measurements from the BHPS itself reveal that the wave 6 data underestimate the proportion of young people who have lived at least part of their childhood in a non-intact family by about 8%. The probability of disagreement between these two sets of measures is strongly associated with poor interview characteristics, which may affect the comparison measure more than the wave 6 measure. Despite such differences, there is therefore a substantial degree of similarity between the family structure information that was collected in the sixth wave of the BHPS and the host of highly diverse records against which it has been compared.     

叙词表对检索系统检索效率的影响

从叙词表的专指度、语词句法及叙词表结构等方面分析了叙词表对检索系统效率的影响 ,重点分析了在提高检全率和检准率的同时 ,要注重叙词表的结构设计 ,在保证检全率的前提下进一步提高检准率 ,旨在为叙词表设计者提供一些参考。     

借款调查是预防资金投放风险发生的重要手段

投放借款是农村合作基金会融资活动的主要内容之一。本文就农村合作基金会借款调查的必要性、内容和具体措施等问题谈一些看法,旨在对农村合作基金会有所帮助。     

Erratum to: Token Reinforcement of Verbal Responses Controlled by Temporally Removed Verbal Stimuli

In the present study we examined the effects of token reinforcement on the convergent control of immediate and temporally removed verbal stimuli over the verbal behavior of three school-age children with autism who showed specific deficits in intraverbal responding. Throughout the study, participants were systematically introduced to a series of visitors to a university-based autism center, and subsequently probed for information about the visitor they had most recently met. Results show that contingent token reinforcement was effective at establishing control by temporally removed verbal stimuli.     

Johnson and Johnson phantom recall: A fall from grace or a re-visit of the ghost of the past

This paper addresses and evaluates the case of Johnson and Johnson's crisis management. In an attempt to analyze the case, the paper overviews Johnson and Johnson's Tylenol product tampering in the 1980s and its recent phantom recall of Children's Motrin. The assessment of the company's crisis management was done using the anticipatory model of crisis management (AMCM). Conclusions drawn from this assessment put Johnson and Johnson in a different spotlight than it had enjoyed during its earlier crisis management efforts. Implications for organizational crisis management efforts are also presented.     

Expectations of inflation: The biasing effect of thoughts about specific prices

National surveys follow consumers’ expectations of future inflation, because these may directly affect the economic choices they make, indirectly affect macro-economic outcomes, and are considered in monetary policy. Yet, relatively little is known about how individuals form the inflation expectations they report on consumer surveys. Medians of reported inflation expectations tend to track official estimates of realized inflation, but show large heterogeneity between respondents, due to some expecting seemingly extreme inflation. We present two studies to examine whether individuals who consider specific price changes when forming their inflation expectations report more extreme and disagreeing inflation expectations due to focusing on specific extreme price changes. In Study 1, participants who were instructed to recall any price changes or to recall the largest price changes both thought of items for which price changes were perceived to have been extreme. Moreover, they reported more extreme year-ahead inflation expectations and showed more disagreement than did a third group that had been asked to recall the average change in price changes. Study 2 asked participants to report their year-ahead expectations of inflation, without first prompting them to recall specific price changes. Half of participants nevertheless thought of specific prices when generating their inflation expectations. Those who thought of specific prices reported more extreme and more disagreeing inflation expectations, because they were biased towards various items associated with more extreme perceived price changes. Our findings provide new insights into expectation formation processes and have implications for the design of survey-based measures of inflation.     

"慌"的道德美学与"慌"的文体 --读张炜的近作

张炜一直是当代文学创作中一位独特的作家 ,他近些年创作的长篇小说《外省书》和《能不忆蜀葵》 ,在评论界引起的争论非常激烈。争议者都感受到张炜面对多变的现实世界时 ,其表意系统的变化 ,以及叙事中思想理念的表达与小说文体的不和谐。但也都同意他在艰难而真诚地进行着个人精神的掘进与探索。本刊本期推出由复旦大学陈思和教授主持的一组讨论 ,参加者是复旦大学中文系的一群博士研究生。相信这组讨论将有助于我们对张炜作品中一系列生活与艺术问题的深入理解     

Remembrances of things past: test–retest reliability of retrospective migration histories

Summary Matched retrospective life history data collected from the same individuals in two waves of the Malaysian Family Life Survey provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the quality of long-term recall data in a rapidly changing developing country. Recall quality, measured by consistency of incidence and dating of moves reported 12 years apart, is higher among the better educated. Respondents better remember more salient moves, those linked with other important life events such as marriage, childbirth or a job change and moves that lasted a long time. Migrations that dim in memory as time passes are typically shorter duration or local moves, often made while the respondent was young. The dating of moves is also significantly improved when linked with other salient events. Our findings suggest concrete and practical steps that can be followed to improve the quality of retrospective life-histories collected in field surveys.     

心理机制和外语词汇教学

本文分别就信息的铭记、储备和提取三个过程 ,运用语言的心理机制和心理词汇方面的相关知识和理论 ,结合大学英语的教学实际 ,探讨了外语工作者如何在外语教学中帮助学生加强记忆、增加心理词汇、提高外语水平