A critical approach to wage devaluation: The case of Spanish economic recovery

In line with the orientation of EU economic policy, the Spanish government has favoured a strategy of internal devaluation as a way of adjusting price levels within the currency union. The results of empirical studies indicate that the internal devaluation applied in Spain does not seem to have attained the desired goals in terms of reducing the relative prices of exports and consolidating a model of growth based on external demand. Indeed, the estimates drawn up show that tailwinds – the depreciation of the euro and the fall in risk premium as results of the measures taken by the ECB, greater economic activity by trading partners and the fall in the price of oil – exercised a decisive influence in the trends followed by the prices of exports and the balance of trade during the period of crisis management in Spain.     

大学化学系列课程教学改革的研究与实践

论述了非化学化工类专业大学生,实施高教层次的化学教育的必要性、教学目标和教学改革的思路。总结了课题组的研究成果。     

Impact of investing in quality improvement on (Q,r, L) model involving the imperfect production process

This paper investigates the impact of quality improvement on the modified lot size reorder point models involving variable lead time and partial backorders. The formulated models include the imperfect production process and an investing option of improving the process quality. The objective is simultaneously optimizing the lot size, reorder point, process quality level and lead time. We first assume that the lead time demand follows a normal distribution, then relax this assumption to consider the distribution-free case where only the mean and standard deviation of lead time demand are known. An algorithm procedure of finding the optimal solution is developed, and two numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.     

A note on properties of spatial yule-walker estimators

For two-dimensional spatial autoregressive (AR) models, asymptotic properties of the spatial Yule-Walker (YW) estimators (Tjøstheim, 1978) are studied. These estimators although consistent, are shown to be asymptotically biased. Estimators from the first-order spatial bilateral AR model are looked at in more detail and the spatial YW estimators for this model are compared with the exact maximum likelihood estimators. Small sample properties of both estimators are also discussed briefly and some simulation results are presented.     

从起点和过程公平的视角论公平与效率

公平与效率的争论由来已久,认为应从萎缩的核和核定理出发理解公平以及公平与效率的关系。指出强调公平与效率对立的结果公平观由于在理论上难以明晰公平的标准,实践中的可操作性有限,最终只可能导致市场交易的一端退出交易,社会资源配置效率遭到破坏。而强调起点和过程公平的公平观在理论上则有丰富的内涵,实践中具有很强的操作性,有助于增强经济主体的公平感认同,促使大量的交易主体留在市场中,对市场交易效率的提高以及和谐社会的构建都具有重要意义。     

基于Excel 2003 VBA成绩分析模板的设计与实现

本文介绍了在Excel环境下，通过VBA进行编写代码实现试卷成绩的自动统计和分析．     

民国前期证券市场监管制度建设的成效与缺陷

民国前期,我国证券市场监管制度建设取得了显著的进展,但证券市场风潮的频发说明此时证券市场监管的效果不尽人意。历史经验告诉世人,防范证券市场风潮的爆发,需要稳定政经时势,改良政府和民间信用,淡化市场主体的投机心理;还要维护国家主权及中央集权制度,完善并有效实施证券市场监管制度,避免证券市场监管流于形式;在信用秩序不佳以及证券现货市场发育不够成熟的情况下,要谨慎推出证券期货等衍生金融工具,还可以考虑交易所组织制度的变革,选择公司组织,强化交易所的自律和监管功能以弥补政府监管的不足。     

中亚五国及俄罗斯留学生新HSK成绩分析研究及教学启示——以新疆大学国际文化交流学院学生为例

通过对新疆大学中亚五国及俄罗斯698名留学生新HSK各级考试成绩的分析比较,发现考生的听力、阅读和书写三项成绩存在着显著相关;听力和阅读、听力和书写存在着显著差异,阅读和书写差异不大。影响三级、五级、六级考生过级的首要因素是阅读,其次是书写、最后是听力;影响四级考生过级的因素依次为书写、阅读和听力。提出教师应首先注重培养学生的阅读策略;通过偏误分析、语言知识集中讲练提高书写能力;加强学生的词汇学习,培养学生语感和中国式的思维等策略。     

Achieving high quality and long‐lasting matches in youth mentoring programmes: a case study of 4Results mentoring

Mentoring programmes show significant promise for enhancing the well‐being of youth with complex needs. Research indicates that high quality mentoring, although difficult to achieve, positively impacts youth development across behavioural, social, emotional and academic domains. The difficulty of sustaining long‐term matches between mentors and youth, however, remains an important concern for the field of mentoring, as foreshortened matches can be harmful to youth. The 4Results mentoring programme has been identified as a Promising Practice through the Washington State Inventory of child‐serving behavioural and mental health programmes and has developed a unique infrastructure to support critical programme values such as match longevity. In 7 years, the programme has successfully retained 98% of mentors for at least 1 year with an average match length of 3.7 years. The following article describes the programme's guiding philosophy and approach to recruiting and training mentors in the context of existing best practices research.     

加强管理，提高班主任工作的实效性

班主任是高校德育工作的核心力量、骨干力量,班主任工作实效性的高低直接影响学校德育工作的质量。必须把提高班主任工作的实效性放在高校德育工作的重要位置。