贵州健康老龄化的非经济制约因素

贵州省人口老龄化具有农村人口老龄化程度高于城镇、性别比偏低、文化水平较低,且民族、地区差异明显的特点。目前制约健康老龄化的非经济因素主要有法制环境问题,政府、社区组织老年工作问题,以及养老文化面临冲击的问题。针对存在问题提出三条相应对策。     

The Cat and the Cloud: ACT for LGBT Locus of Control,Responsibility, and Acceptance

Advocating acceptance, committed action, and value-guided behavior over experiential avoidance, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) may aid lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) clients affected by hetero/homonormative social pressure. By conceptualizing LGBT paradigms of internal/external control/responsibility (IC-IR; EC-IR; IC-ER; EC-IR), ACT may be adapted to a myriad of multicultural worldviews. This article presents locus of acceptance as the attributed worth of internal/external cues perceived necessary by the client to achieve self-acceptance. Recognizing visibility and isolation as recurrent LGBT issues, locus of acceptances balances identity as individual (internal acceptance) with identity as community (external acceptance).     

Preliminary evaluation of contingent meals and telephone use to improve evidence-supported family therapy session attendance in mothers referred by Child Protective Services for substance abuse

Persons referred by Child Protective Services (CPS) for substance abuse evidence high rates of nonattendance to therapy sessions, taxing systems of care and exacerbating outcomes. This study examined the influence of two telephone-based incentive programs on therapy session attendance in mothers who were referred by CPS for substance abuse. After baseline therapy session attendance was established in an evidence-based clinic that incorporated a telephone engagement intervention (Phase I), participants were provided free cellular telephones with limited minutes and permitted to order free meals delivered by the therapist during upcoming sessions (Phase II). The third phase was similar to Phase II, but participants were provided unlimited minutes. Results indicated that participants’ attendance was significantly improved when meals and cellular telephone minutes were contingent on attendance. Although the percentage of sessions attended by participants during Phase III was higher than Phase II, unlimited minutes and meals did not significantly enhance attendance relative to limited minutes and meals. Session attendance for significant others of these participants was significantly higher during Phase III as compared with Phase I. Session attendance of significant others was statistically similar between Phase I and II and between Phase II and Phase III. Study implications and recommendations for future research and practice are discussed in light of the findings.     

Critical Reflection on the Ethics of Mindfulness

Mindfulness is a way to achieve mental wellbeing that has been widely adopted as part of counselling and mental health treatment. However, there is a distinct lack of critical reflection about the origins of this technique, how it is used, and the implications it has for the beliefs of clients. The purpose of this paper is to provide a carefully considered response to the use of humanistic mindfulness. Social workers need to explain why they recommend mindfulness, and explore culturally consistent and sensitive practice, so that they are abiding by the Australian Association of Social Workers Code of ethics.

IMPLICATIONS

• The use of mindfulness in social work practice requires careful consideration as to its impact and relevance to clients’ needs.

• Mindfulness originates in philosophical traditions distinct from mental health treatment.

• In choosing to use mindfulness social workers require consistent and sensitive understanding of clients’ needs, world views, and culture.

     

Are Hearing Voices Networks Compatible with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis?

The most extensively evaluated intervention for auditory hallucinations is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp), which is usually delivered in statutory settings by experienced clinicians. In contrast, peer support networks, such as the Hearing Voices Network (HVN), operate informally using peers to normalise and manage voices. This article compares these two approaches to identify points of synergy and difference. Its analysis suggests the two approaches share many features, but also deviate in important ways that could compensate for each other. Instead of competing with each other as might first be thought, they may actually be complementary. Further, HVN may align comfortably with the values and principles of social work. Social workers seeking to engage with voice hearers may be advised to study the underlying principles of each approach to guide the way in which they can capitalise on intervention opportunities to better assist voice hearers.     

孝道文化对构建和谐社会的意义

孝道文化是中华民族文化的精华.在坚持科学发展观、推进精神文明建设和构建社会主义和谐社会的今天,尤其是在我国进入人口老龄化的形势下,继承和弘扬孝亲的传统美德,赋予孝道文化以时代精神,具有十分重要的意义.     

儒家“孝”文化的现代诠释

“孝”的基础性含义是指敬、养父母,它对当代从物质和精神两个方面去养老、尊老有激活意义。“孝”的展开即是家庭伦理,用“父慈子孝”、“兄友弟悌”、“夫敬妇听”去规范家庭成员各自的行为,有利于发展当代家庭文明。“孝”也是一个政治学和社会学范畴,它为当代由家庭稳定而推动社会稳定,提供了一种可资利用的管理模式和运作机制。     

Aging with HIV: Historical and Intra-Community Differences in Experience of Aging with HIV

Gay men living with HIV/AIDS face a complex of health issues, including those associated with the aging process, long-term HIV infection (25 years or more), and side effects from Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). If aging can increase marginalization, this is more likely for the aging HIV positive gay man, who is already marginalized for being queer and living with a stigmatizing disease. This article presents findings from a study of a long-running HIV support group. It locates the members, all gay men living with HIV, in a specific historical and political context to explore how feelings of loss and the struggle to sustain community affect long-term survivors and other older HIV+ gay men. We identify specific challenges presented by aging for men who contracted HIV early in the epidemic, contrasting them with those faced by men infected with the virus later in life. While both groups appear to struggle with a vision of what life could have been, had AIDS not forced loss and change, they also celebrate the community their shared plight has enabled.     

国外关于书面情感表露的研究综述

大量文献证明,情感的表露有助于个体的心理健康。然而,在大多数传统的心理治疗理论中,关于情感表露的研究主要集中在思想或感觉的口头表达上。然而,对于个体来说,并不是所有的情感都可以通过口头表露表达出来的,有些情感需要通过书面的形式表露。近来,国外一些关于个体情感经历的书面表露的研究表明,情感的书面表露对个体的心理和生理健康都有益处。本文总结了国外书面情感表露研究的基本范式和研究成果,讨论了记录的效果的机制及影响表露效果的因素问题。有关其隐含的理论还有待进一步探讨。     

焦点解决短期疗法的理论与实践

焦点解决短期疗法是目前国外新兴的、越来越被广泛使用的一种心理咨询方法。它强调用正向的、朝向未来的、朝向目标解决问题的积极观点来促使心理转变，避免局限于探求原因或是问题取向的讨论。本文主要介绍了焦点解决短期疗法的理论技术，并结合案例分析作了进一步的解释和说明。