用自组装法制备聚合物纳米复合膜

建立在静电相互作用原理基础上的自组装法是一新型制备聚合物纳米复合超薄膜的方法。文章比较了自组装法（self—assembly,SA）与Langmuir—Blodgett技术（LB）及其它方法在制备有机复合膜时的优劣。SA法由于操作简单、适用范围广、膜的结构稳定性较高,因此较LB技术等具有更大的实用价值。利用SA法,可以制备各种有机聚电解质与其带相反电荷的有机聚电解质、粘土类片状化合物及无机纳米颗粒、生物大分子等组成的聚合物纳米复合膜,为实现复合膜的功能化创造了条件。     

从俞平伯晚年自省和“李希凡自述”想到的(之三)——回应俞平伯晚年的红学研究反思

俞平伯先生晚年的红学自省是真实可信的,应引起红学界高度重视,他的红学研究思想的重大变化同1954年那场对他的批评有内在的因果关系。对当年那场"批俞评红"不能全盘否定,不能只讲负面问题,全面否定其正确性和必要性。现在红学研究的一些乱象正是当年批判过了的错误研究思想、研究方法的泛滥。这种泛滥同对当年的全盘否定不无关系。     

他者的侵凌与自我的毁灭——张爱玲小说的拉康式解读

张爱玲小说中始终存在着“自我”与“他者”的二元对立结构,因受到他人的制约,其笔下的人物难以完成自我建构,个体甚至因他者的入侵而走向异化或毁灭,这与拉康哲学中关于自我与他者关系的论述相契合.借助拉康镜像论、凝视论、他者论来解读张爱玲小说中自我与他者的关系,可深入发掘其笔下人物的自我建构过程,细致辨析张爱玲运用的“窥视”笔法,通过《传奇》增订版等具体个案分析他者欺凌与自我毁灭的二元构成.从拉康式精神分析的视角观照张爱玲创作,有利于多角度地深入思考张爱玲小说的精神内涵.     

网络青年文化的“自我空间”论

后现代的网络社会既给青年人寻找自我、建构身份搭建了广阔的新舞台,也为青年人提供了一个空间自由、文化自主的新天地——青年文化的"自我空间"。在这样一个以"自我"为中心和遵循"快乐至上"原则的空间里,青年人主动将自我符号化,充分运用网络媒介的自主权,通过创建微电影、微小说等微美学文本,把自己的内心世界投射到网络社会并最大限度地释放与表现、宣泄与满足。他们在"自我空间"里呈现自我、形塑自我的同时,也进行着青年亚文化的传播与实践。     

The Best and Worst Times of Life: Narratives and Assessments of Subjective Well-Being by Anamnestic Comparative Self Assessment (ACSA) in the Eastern Cape,South Africa

The Anamnestic Comparative Self Assessment (ACSA) measure of subjective well-being (SWB) aims to reduce the problems of cultural bias and relativity to external standards by allowing people to define the endpoints or ‘anchors’ of the measurement scale. In medical terminology anamnestic denotes ‘based on memory’. The ACSA uses subjects’ memories of the best and worst periods in their lives to define the anchors of the scale. They then assess their current quality of life relative to these personal anchors. The South African pilot study tested the match between self-assessment of SWB with ACSA and the conventional single-item measures of life satisfaction and happiness used in the South African Quality of Life Trends Study and analysed the narratives of the best and worst times of life. The quota sample of 46 consisted of 26 residents of Makana district in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, and 20 patients undergoing treatment in the local TB hospital. Mean SWB ratings with all three measures of life satisfaction, happiness and ACSA were between 5 and 6 on a 0–10-point scale. Ratings on all three scales were positively correlated. However, on ACSA the TB patients rated their current SWB 1.84 points lower than the community respondents, suggesting a greater sensitivity of this measure. It was observed that the starting points of the life stories produced by respondents to define the anchor periods for ACSA were related to their current assessment of SWB. A typology was developed that combined the starting point of the life stories with current SWB. The majority of community respondents matched the ‘Achiever’ type who scored positively on ACSA (i.e., above the mid-point of the scale) and whose life stories started with the worst period of their lives and proceeded to the best period. The TB patients were the only respondents to represent the ‘Survivor’ type whose morale had recovered after misfortune in life. ‘Survivors’ started their narratives with the best period in their lives, then moved to the worst (often health-related) one, and gave positive ACSA ratings. Based on the qualitative analysis of narratives, it is concluded that ACSA is a sensitive measurement instrument and therefore particularly useful for monitoring the effects of treatments and social interventions in longitudinal studies. However, further research is required to verify its cross-cultural validity.

Sustained Empathic Focus and its Application in the Treatment of Couples

Although all psychoanalytically informed approaches to couples therapy recognize the importance of underlying dynamics, there are important differences in the focus of the treatment. This paper suggests a focus that is based on a self-psychological/intersubjective viewpoint. Two concepts that exemplify this model, a sustained empathic focus and an appreciation of the experience of vulnerability, are discussed and applied to a couples session. What is emphasized in this material is a process of focusing on underlying vulnerability, affect and subjective experience.

办好学术期刊繁荣社会科学--第四届全国综合类人文社科期刊高层论坛综述

第四届全国综合类人文社会科学期刊高层论坛于2004年10月12日至13日在云南昆明举行,这是继南京论坛(2001)、郑州论坛(2002)、广州论坛(2003)后的又一次盛会。与会专家带来了丰富的办刊经验、创新的办刊理念、精萃的学术思想,为云南期刊界吹来清新的气息;同时,对共同关心的若干问题进行了深入探讨,切磋琢磨,为综合类人文社科期刊的繁荣和健康发展,提出了建设性的意见。现将论坛讨论的情况综述如下,供期刊界同仁和读者参考。     

B—SLIM课堂教学模式与大学英语教学

B—SLIM课堂教学模式是建立在认知论、结构主义与发展主义基础上的成功语言教学模式,并通过大量实证得出学生语言学习需要语言建构与自主学习,因而实现语言习得。文章通过对B—SLIM教学模式的主要内容介绍,结合我国大学英语教学现状分析,建议大学英语课堂教学设计应注重发挥学生的认知建构,突出学生学习的自主性;让学生参与教学过程,培养其研究性学习;转变师生角色;教学评价由终结性过渡到形成性评价,最终达到语言教学成功的目的。     

邝丽莎历史小说中的中国意象

美国华裔作家邝丽莎以中国在美国的代言人自居,认为自己笔下的中国是真实可信的。然而,从后殖民主义理论出发对邝丽莎的历史小说进行文本解读和分析,不难发现邝丽莎笔下的中国呈现两种意象:西方话语体系下的"野蛮中国"和"竹幕"之后的"红色中国"。此外,邝丽莎笔下的中国人依然笼罩在"他者"面纱之下。可见,邝丽莎以中国为背景的小说并不具有代表意义。     

自主·自觉·自省·自立--<诗经·卫风·氓>意蕴新探

《诗经·卫风·氓》是久经传诵的名篇 ,也是所谓“弃妇诗”的代表作。透过此诗女主人公的自叙之言 ,对其内涵意蕴作新的探掘 ,揭示其不同于其他“弃妇诗”的鲜明特色 ,即 :婚恋的自主、女性的自觉、理性的自省、人格的自立。这是此诗长期以来为人们所忽略的深层意蕴。