慈善超市的运行模式--济南市慈善超市的个案分析

慈善超市借用近代市场中出现的超市运作模式而实现救助目的,它提供了一种经常性、规范化的捐助与接受平台;为统一调配社会捐助物资提供了崭新的机制;为特困家庭增加了一条更具人性化的救助方式;通过开展便民服务使捐助物资变现,筹集救助善款,实施二次救助。目前,慈善超市从运行方式上看有三种模式:一次性救助模式、市场化运作模式以及混合型模式。慈善超市运行模式的现实选择应该因地制宜。     

我国慈善超市的定位与发展——与Goodwill的对比分析

Goodwill是世界上最早创立的慈善超市,经过多年发展,已经成为美国最有价值和公认的非营利性品牌之一。反观我国,慈善超市的优势和功能尚未充分显现与发挥,无法实现良性互动。本文通过对比分析我国慈善超市与Goodwill在定位、运作上的差异,思考存在的问题,提出致力于塑造良好的运营氛围,以社区为依托,推动构建就业导向型的新型慈善超市的主张。     

农贸市场超市化改造对农产品流通的影响

生鲜超市的发展目标是对原有农贸市场的升级换代.回顾我国鲜活农产品经营业态的演进过程及趋势,并对农贸市场超市化改造前后鲜活农产品流通组织方式变化予以比较分析,可以发现生鲜超市是我国从事农产品销售的真正主体,但它的出现将对我国当前的农产品流通、农产品生产规模、农民的素质和就业等产生深远影响,因此,对顺利推进"农改超"及利用"农改超"促进我国农业现代化建设的对策研究,具有一定的现实价值和理论意义.     

慈善超市筹资机制的合法性分析

慈善超市是在“总体性社会”向“后总体性社会”转型过程中一种社会福利和救助制度的创新,是集中社会扶贫济困资源以实现社会救助目的的非营利组织,但是在实际运作过程中普遍出现了资源紧缺的问题。慈善超市的筹资机制具体包括对体制内资源的利用、对体制外资源的动员和特卖经营。政府选择型非营利组织的资源获取依赖政府资源和行政力量;外部制度对非营利组织筹资有促进和约束作用,政府应在加强行政支持的基础上改善法律环境。     

Bayesian Forecasting of Many Count-Valued Time Series

Abstract

We develop and exemplify application of new classes of dynamic models for time series of nonnegative counts. Our novel univariate models combine dynamic generalized linear models for binary and conditionally Poisson time series, with dynamic random effects for over-dispersion. These models estimate dynamic regression coefficients in both binary and nonzero count components. Sequential Bayesian analysis allows fast, parallel analysis of sets of decoupled time series. New multivariate models then enable information sharing in contexts when data at a more highly aggregated level provide more incisive inferences on shared patterns such as trends and seasonality. A novel multiscale approach—one new example of the concept of decouple/recouple in time series—enables information sharing across series. This incorporates cross-series linkages while insulating parallel estimation of univariate models, and hence enables scalability in the number of series. The major motivating context is supermarket sales forecasting. Detailed examples drawn from a case study in multistep forecasting of sales of a number of related items showcase forecasting of multiple series, with discussion of forecast accuracy metrics, comparisons with existing methods, and broader questions of probabilistic forecast assessment.     

中国农超对接现状及发展新疆特色的农超对接的策略

农超对接之所以能够迅速发展，从根本上讲是让农民、消费者和超市三方实现共赢，在抑制物价增长、提高农民的生产效益、保证产品质量、改善消费环境等方面效果显著。但农超对接在发展中还存在一些障碍，例如产品缺乏标准化、对接双方利益分配矛盾、农民结款困难等。新建农超对接刚刚起步，应未雨绸缪，突出特色，确保这一工程健康、快速发展。     

A Country‐wide Study of Consumer Choice for an Emerging Supermarket Sector: A Case Study of Nicaragua

Studies portraying and quantifying supermarket clientele based on country‐wide survey data are scarce in development economics literature. This article studies the choice of outlet of Nicaraguan consumers in 1998 and 2001 when supermarkets started to emerge and gain in importance. It applies comparative statistics and a multinomial logit model to countrywide data on 4,000 households. The results show an emerging supermarket sector with a slowly growing clientele, especially among the better endowed and more highly educated families. Small grocery shops or pulperias and the daily and weekly markets continue to serve most clients.     

Does Supermarket Purchase Affect the Dietary Practices of Households? Some Empirical Evidence from Guatemala

Very little is known about how changes in the retail environment affect consumers’diet and health status, especially in developing countries. This article examines the impact of supermarket purchases on the dietary practices of households in Guatemala, using an instrumental variable method to take account of the potential endogeneity of the supermarket purchase variable. The results reveal that supermarket purchases increase the share of highly and partially processed foods at the expense of staple foods, and are also positively and significantly associated with individual Body Mass Index. Different policy moves should be envisaged towards‘healthier’diets.     

政务超市在新疆实施现状的调查与研究

政务超市是在借鉴了新公共管理理论中“公共服务”理念,结合我国实际而出现的一种行政管理创新模式。新疆具有代表性的政务超市是各地、市的“行政服务中心”。它们的运行现状总体上是健康的,但还存在服务理念不够到位、法制保障力度不足和体系构建不够健全等问题。应以公共管理体制深化改革的力度,认真研究这一“阳光行政”的新生事物,促使它尽快完善。