论对刑罚变更执行权的同步制约和监督——在法律上设置人民检察院审查与抗诉机制的必要性

刑罚变更执行权属于重要的司法公权利范畴。为减少刑罚变更执行权出现滥用的概率,就必须在法律层面上科学的分配、设定其中的权利主体和权限,建立各权利主体之间的制约机制,实现对刑罚变更执行权的科学制约和监督。     

中国与“一带一路”沿线国家经济周期协同性及其传导机制

本文采用CM同步化指数测算中国与“一带一路”沿线国家经济周期协同变化的动态特征,并运用面板联立方程模型检验周期协同性的传导机制。研究发现：(1)中国与“一带一路”沿线国家经济周期协同性经历了波动上升期、逆转期和持续下降期三个阶段,且“脱钩”趋势明显。(2)中国与不同发展类型国家的协同性有显著差异,在波动上升期和持续下降期,中国与转型国家的协同度最高,发达国家居中,发展中国家最低,而在逆转期,协同性由高到低依次为发达、发展中和转型国家。(3)双边贸易、双边直接投资、专业化分工、金融一体化是引起跨国经济周期协同性变化的主要传导路径。双边贸易和金融一体化会强化协同性,专业化分工和双边直接投资则产生弱化作用。此外,较大的制度距离和较低的货币政策协调性会降低周期协同性。(4)各传导渠道对经济周期协同性的相对重要性从大到小依次为：双边直接投资、金融一体化、专业化分工及双边贸易,但在后危机时期,全球价值链主导的国际分工使专业化分工成为最重要因素。上述结论为“一带一路”区域合作模式与路径选择提供了重要的理论依据和政策启示。     

危机传递、逆全球化与世界经济周期联动性

本文构造世界经济周期联动性指数，从区域和个体角度分析了经济危机传递路径，探讨近年来经济周期联动性新的变化及其影响因素。研究发现：20世纪90年代中期以来，全球经济周期联动性经历了“倒U型”的发展过程。世界经济周期联动性并不是风险的传递载体，风险的传递链条集中在低联动性区域以及低联动性经济体。中国无论是在全样本还是危机中，均处于传染链条之外，相对独立。危机后，非关税壁垒和关税壁垒是降低世界经济周期联动性的主要原因。此外，贫富差距的扩大、贸易增长率放缓也对世界经济周期联动性具有显著负向影响。结果表明：积极推动世界经济一体化，增强经济体之间的经济联系是避免危机在局部扩大和深入发展的重要途径。维持稳定有序的世界经济环境、形成非关税的贸易争端解决协商机制、促进收入分配公平是推进经济一体化的核心动力。     

平面双质体自同步振动机的同步理论

本文研究了不带任何约束的6个自由度的平面双质体自同步振动系统的同步理论,给出了该种振动系统的同步性条件及同步状态稳定性条件。这一理论的正确性在双质体调速式振动放矿机的试制中得到了证明。     

Global speed: a time view on transnationality

One of the most challenging aspects of the current processes of globalization is the accelerating pace with which communication, technological information, people and goods are ‘spinning’ around the world. With the growth of our spatial scope to a global level, we have become used to acceleration in a highly competitive world, which results in a feeling of real‐time experience, or instantaneity. The ways in which we deal with acceleration are determined by a specific understanding of the relationship between time and organization: from a Western perspective, managerial practices are based on the ratio‐economic, and therefore limited, idea of clock time. From a transcultural perspective, however, other modes of time interfere with the rigidity and linearity of clock‐time‐based organization. Moreover, on a global level a more encompassing, holistic understanding of time can be important to analyse tensions and contradictions in current managerial practices. It therefore seems important to introduce a perspective of time plurality into debates on transnational organization. How does a view of time complexity affect the management of cohesion and loyalty in the current practices of managers who deal with transnational networks?     

声表面波器件在扩频码分多路系统中的应用

简要介绍了扩频码分多路（ＣＤＭ）的系统模型，重点阐述了声表波（ＳＡＷ）器件在该系统中的应用，并分析了系统的同步性能。     

Measuring resetting of brain dynamics at epileptic seizures: application of global optimization and spatial synchronization techniques

Epileptic seizures are manifestations of intermittent spatiotemporal transitions of the human brain from chaos to order. Measures of chaos, namely maximum Lyapunov exponents (STL _max ), from dynamical analysis of the electroencephalograms (EEGs) at critical sites of the epileptic brain, progressively converge (diverge) before (after) epileptic seizures, a phenomenon that has been called dynamical synchronization (desynchronization). This dynamical synchronization/desynchronization has already constituted the basis for the design and development of systems for long-term (tens of minutes), on-line, prospective prediction of epileptic seizures. Also, the criterion for the changes in the time constants of the observed synchronization/desynchronization at seizure points has been used to show resetting of the epileptic brain in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), a phenomenon that implicates a possible homeostatic role for the seizures themselves to restore normal brain activity. In this paper, we introduce a new criterion to measure this resetting that utilizes changes in the level of observed synchronization/desynchronization. We compare this criterion’s sensitivity of resetting with the old one based on the time constants of the observed synchronization/desynchronization. Next, we test the robustness of the resetting phenomena in terms of the utilized measures of EEG dynamics by a comparative study involving STL _max , a measure of phase (φ _max ) and a measure of energy (E) using both criteria (i.e. the level and time constants of the observed synchronization/desynchronization). The measures are estimated from intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings with subdural and depth electrodes from two patients with focal temporal lobe epilepsy and a total of 43 seizures. Techniques from optimization theory, in particular quadratic bivalent programming, are applied to optimize the performance of the three measures in detecting preictal entrainment. It is shown that using either of the two resetting criteria, and for all three dynamical measures, dynamical resetting at seizures occurs with a significantly higher probability (α=0.05) than resetting at randomly selected non-seizure points in days of EEG recordings per patient. It is also shown that dynamical resetting at seizures using time constants of STL _max synchronization/desynchronization occurs with a higher probability than using the other synchronization measures, whereas dynamical resetting at seizures using the level of synchronization/desynchronization criterion is detected with similar probability using any of the three measures of synchronization. These findings show the robustness of seizure resetting with respect to measures of EEG dynamics and criteria of resetting utilized, and the critical role it might play in further elucidation of ictogenesis, as well as in the development of novel treatments for epilepsy.