An evaluation of the childhood family structure measures from the sixth wave of the British Household Panel Survey

Summary.  The paper performs an evaluation of the data that were collected in the sixth wave of the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) on childhood family structure. After comparing such data with a large number of studies by using external sources, we find that the BHPS data overestimate the proportion of people who report an experience of life in a non-intact family during childhood by about 10%. Although an explanation based on recall error that deteriorates with the age of the BHPS respondents is possible, the overestimation is likely to be accounted for by non-ignorable attrition that may affect most of the comparison studies based on longitudinal data. Conversely, comparisons with other independent measurements from the BHPS itself reveal that the wave 6 data underestimate the proportion of young people who have lived at least part of their childhood in a non-intact family by about 8%. The probability of disagreement between these two sets of measures is strongly associated with poor interview characteristics, which may affect the comparison measure more than the wave 6 measure. Despite such differences, there is therefore a substantial degree of similarity between the family structure information that was collected in the sixth wave of the BHPS and the host of highly diverse records against which it has been compared.     

宽带卫星通信和星际链路间激光通信的应用前景

提出了由于信息化社会、Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ、Ｉｎｔｒａｎｅｔ和多媒体技术的出现,从而要求卫星通信向多体制、多功能发展。文中着重分析了具有独特优点的激光通信在宽带卫星通信和星际链路中的现实商用前景。     

Dynamic Graphics for Exploring Spatial Data with Application to Locating Global and Local Anomalies

We explore the application of dynamic graphics to the exploratory analysis of spatial data. We introduce a number of new tools and illustrate their use with prototype software, developed at Trinity College, Dublin. These tools are used to examine local variability—anomalies—through plots of the data that display its marginal and multivariate distributions, through interactive smoothers, and through plots motivated by the spatial auto-covariance ideas implicit in the variogram. We regard these as alternative and linked views of the data. We conclude that the most important single view of the data is the Map View: All other views must be cross-referred to this, and the software must encourage this. The view can be enriched by overlaying on other pertinent spatial information. We draw attention to the possibilities of one-many linking, and to the use of line-objects to link pairs of data points. We draw attention to the parallels with work on Geographical Information Systems.     

中学教师自主管理过程浅析

中学教师的自主管理过程 ,从主要依托集体管理规范、社会期望要求及外部保障机制的“外”阶段 ,到逐步内化规范、满足角色期待、唤醒自我意识、发展自我教育能力、提升人文素养、塑造高尚人格 ,由此增强内驱力 ,热爱、追求教育事业 ,自愿接受规范的“内”阶段 ,再到把教育事业与主体内在价值一致起来 ,自主管理 ,积极、主动、自由地发展 ,自发遵守行为规范 ,充分实现自我价值的“外”阶段 ,是一个“要我做”———“我应做”———“我要做”的过程。教师的自主管理主要包括自我认识、自我调整 ,自我强化、自我激励 ,自我调适、自我反省和自我实践、自我提高等环节。     

论提高普通高校成人高等教育质量的着力点

提高普通高校成人高等教育质量 ,借助普通高校本身的优势 ,解放思想、转变观念 ,形成良好的办学环境是基础。以教学计划规范教学 ,不断改进教学方法 ,加强学风建设是根本。抓住考试环节 ,把好教学质量关是关键。     

论思想政治教育的机遇性

人的世界观、人生观、价值观的形成与发展并不是一个线性过程,而是一个非线性过程.实际上,在人的一生中,一个人的世界观、人生观、价值观的形成与变化可能就发生在几个阶段几个事情上.这几个阶段几个事情在世界观、人生观、价值观的形成中占有重要地位,对思想政治教育工作而言就是机遇,思想政治教育工作的这个特征就是机遇性,本文分析探讨了思想政治教育工作机遇性的条件、特征.     

关于“教学质量的评估、控制与提高”中的几个原则性问题

要提高教学质量 ,首先要有明确的教学要求。因为教学质量总是要满足相应的教学要求。教学要求须根据教学方面或环节来确定 ;因而课程教学乃至整个教育涉及多少方面或环节 ,教学质量就有多少方面或种类。高质量的教学有两个关键环节 :一是有高质量的教材 ;二是使学生充分掌握教材。因而教学质量的控制与提高的关键也主要在这两个方面。教学质量的考核应主要以学生“掌握应掌握的内容”的程度为判定标准 ;好教师的标准也应根据这一点来确定。     

张謇经济思想与实践浅析

在长期兴办实业的过程中,张謇形成了丰富的经济思想。主要是以实业救国为号召,棉铁主义为核心,振兴农务为基础,并以开放主义和发展教育为经济发展的前提,强调经济立法。     

促进民族大学生社会主义核心价值体系认同的三大要务

民族大学生在思想文化素质和个性心理特征等方面具有一定的特殊性,在促进他们认同社会主义核心价值体系时,要注意把握和处理好他们的民族心理认同与中华民族认同相统一、民族文化认同与中华文化认同相协调、原发宗教信仰与社会主义理想信念相适应三大要务。     

运动技能迁移原理在体育教学中的应用研究

体育教学中的技能迁移是有条件的，相对的，它们相互作用、相互制约。在教学过程中，针对不同项目特点，按照运动技能迁移规律处理教学内容的纵、横向联系，对于合理案件安排教学进度，力求形成最佳排列次序、促进体育教学更加科学化有着重要意义。