美国城市化经验对江苏城市化战略的启示

美国城市化经历了发生、发展、成熟的完整过程 ,具体表现为集中和分散两个显著特征 ;我国江苏城市化进程中的独特现象与美国城市化形成鲜明对比 ,通过比较、借鉴 ,江苏必须走出一条符合省情的城市化道路。     

试论我国农村剩余劳动力的迁移聚集与小城镇发展

本文阐述了我国二元经济结构直接向一元结构转变模式的不适用性,分析了影响我国农村剩余劳动力转移的两大因素:土地问题(土地流转制度及土地产权制度改革)和户籍制度问题,并进一步提出了解决问题的新思路。     

中国城市化道路模式探讨

改革开放以来,我国城市化进程明显加快,进入到加速发展的新时期。但长期实施的城市化方针却严重阻碍了我国城市化向更高层次的迈进。积极发展小城镇并非是适合我国城市化进程的选择,大城市的快速发展是城市化进程中不可阻挡的潮流,我国的城市化进程中大城市的发展应得到充分重视。     

中国城市化与社会结构变迁

文章从社会学角度探讨了过去30年以来中国的城市化及其引发的社会结构变迁。文章指出，在过去30年中国的城市化经历了飞速的发展，进入了快速城市化阶段，离基本城市化阶段越来越近，但由于中国独特的城乡制度以及行政管理体制，中国城市化呈现两种模式——主动城市化模式和被动城市化模式，并呈现多种城市化主体，而政府和企业则是中国城市化的主导性主体。这背后最主要的动力机制还是制度和利益，彰显出中国社会结构变迁趋势：在利益机制驱使下，中国社会渐渐地形成了城乡差别不断扩大、城市内部分化明显的利益分配格局；由于缺乏公开、公正、民主的配置机制，各个城市化主体之间的博弈大多屈从于弱肉强食的“丛林法则”，从而导致各种暴力冲突、相互仇视的问题，这在一定程度上破坏了城市社会运行秩序特别是支撑这些秩序的信任机制，显现出相当严重的合法性危机，对未来中国的城市化提出了严峻的挑战。为此，文章提出了中国未来城市化的几种可能的路径。     

从"全能政府"到"无为而治"--论现代城市管理理念的转变

城市化的质的规定性要求城市管理理念的创新。现代城市“管理”的多义性与城市政府职能的转换密切相关。从“全能政府”向“有限政府”的转换是市场经济发展的必然。现代城市管理中的“善治”应是强化政府公共行政管理职能与扩大城市管理市场化改革的统一。“无为而治”是以“无为”之形而行“有治”之实 ,是“依法治市”和“以德治市”的统一     

Tribal membership requirements and the demography of ‘old’ and ‘new’ Native Americans

This paper examines the twentieth-century population recovery of Native Americans with reference to urbanization, intermarriage, and differing definitions of the Native American population from census and tribal enrollment data. The recent increase in the Native American population reflected in regular US decennial censuses since 1960 is discussed in terms of changing self-identification of individuals as Native American. Also discussed are criteria for enrollment in Native American tribes, particularly blood quantum requirements. Census enumerations are compared with tribal enrollment data, and it is illustrated that a large proportion of those identifying as Native American in the census are not enrolled in Native American tribes. Special attention is given to how Native American tribal enrollment criteria might impact future population size.     

人类学视野--论旅游的本质及其社会文化影响

以人类学的认知框架为基础,提出了旅游的仪式本质,并对其表达性和建构性的双重内涵进行了深入阐释,同时,从文化变迁、社会分层、身份认同、角色再造和城市化发展等方面对旅游的社会文化影响进行了简要分析.     

Evaluating the causal economic impacts of transport investments: evidence from the Madrid–Barcelona high speed rail corridor

This paper evaluates economic impacts arising from the introduction of high-speed rail (HSR) between Madrid and Barcelona. Using difference-in-differences estimation we estimate an average treatment effect for provinces with stops on the HSR line of 2.4% for economic output, 3.3% for numbers of firms, and 1.1% for labour productivity. We complement our DID results with a synthetic control analysis for Lleida and Tarragona, two provinces that we argue were assigned HSR stations largely due to their incidental location. We find that both the number of firms and labour productivity are substantially higher in these provinces than in their synthetic counterparts.     

中国城镇新增住房需求规模的测算与分析

本文围绕城镇家庭户自然增长、城镇家庭户机械增长和城镇存量住房拆除三项需求来源,设计了基于人口普查等公开统计数据定量测算城镇新增住房需求规模的系统性方法,对2001—2010年和2011—2015年间全国和各省份城镇新增住房需求规模进行测算与分析。在此期间新增住房供需关系经历了从基本均衡向供过于求的变化,同时存量住房拆除引致的被动需求取代城镇家庭户自然增长和机械增长引致的主动需求,成为新增住房需求的最主要来源。东、中、西部省份在新增需求规模、新增供需比、需求结构等方面表现出明显差异。本文还进一步对2021—2030年的发展趋 势进行了定量预测。由于三项需求来源均趋于下降,2021—2025年和2026—2030年间全国年均城镇新增住房需求规模预计将较2011—2015年间分别下降33%和53%。本文设计的城镇新增住房需求规模测算方法和预测思路能够为各级政府“十四五”住房发展规划编制、房地产企业战略制定等提供参考。     

A qualitative study on participants’ perceptions of child development accounts in Korea

ABSTRACT

In 2007, Korea implemented Child Development Accounts (CDAs) for institutionalised children in child welfare systems. Since then, the target group and a matching cap of CDAs in Korea have evolved. The target group expanded to include poor children receiving welfare, whereas the matching cap increased from KRW 30,000 (US$26.53) to KRW 40,000 (US$35.38), which is matched at a 1:1 rate. Despite the expansion, there is little empirical evidence examining the extent to which CDAs have influenced the life of participants. Using a content analysis method with a sample (N = 22), this study examines how CDAs have changed children’s mindsets, saving habits, education, future planning and sponsorship. The findings suggest that CDAs have multiple positive influences on children. This study concludes with policy implications for the inclusive and progressive development of CDAs in Korea.