公诉案件被害人诉讼地位重新定位的必要性分析

在不同的历史时期、不同的社会形态以及不同的国度里,公诉案件被害人的诉讼地位差异很大,然而被害人在刑事诉讼中的当事人地位,已成为国际刑事诉讼发达程度的标志之一.所以,确立公诉案件被害人当事人的诉讼地位已是国际刑事法学界的共识.本文从比较分析的角度,阐述了公诉案件被害人诉讼地位在不同历史时期的变迁,公诉案件被害人诉讼地位的国度差异,着重分析了我国对公诉案件被害人诉讼地位重新定位的必要性.     

“America Will Not Tolerate Slave Traders”: Counter-Trafficking Policies and US Power

The US government has implemented an ambitious set of policies designed to combat human trafficking and sex trafficking in women and girls in particular. This article argues that anti-trafficking discourse and policy can be understood as a project to sustain and strengthen US power. This power has been wielded through the use of foreign aid, which influences the actions of both state and non-state actors overseas. Existing policies reinforce unilateralism and executive-branch dominance. Policymakers have also used gender strategically to moralize their actions and assert global leadership on this issue. Gender is thus deployed to serve US interests.     

Evaluating New Zealand’s restorative promise: the impact of legislative design on the practice of restorative justice

ABSTRACT

Restorative justice is regarded in modern criminal justice systems as one approach to address inadequacies in the conventional justice model. New Zealand has become a leader in implementing legislatively mandated restorative procedures. This reputation is due in part to a handful of supportive statutes: the Sentencing Act 2002, the Victims’ Rights Act 2002, the Parole Act 2002, the Corrections Act 2004 and subsequent amendments to those acts. In this article, I evaluate the practices bolstered by these acts and how effectively they operate, accounting for how legislative design may contribute to achievements and shortcomings in New Zealand's restorative justice programmes. I supplement the results by comparing New Zealand's efforts to those in Vermont, a U.S. state similarly well-regarded for its restorative policies. The evaluation of each jurisdiction's restorative justice programme is based on metrics for restorative success from Bazemore and Schiff (2005. Juvenile justice reform and restorative justice: building theory and policy from practice. Cullompton: Willan Publishing). I employ qualitative and quantitative data, surveying existing evaluations of restorative justice in New Zealand and Vermont, collecting longitudinal statistics, and conducting interviews with restorative justice practitioners. Overall, this analysis reveals that the design of restorative justice programmes requires negotiation; it is difficult to balance the dimensions of effective restorative justice with the needs of modern justice systems.     

珠江三角洲刑事犯罪人、被害人的人口特征分析

本文以珠江三角洲某特大城市的一个区2004年全年所发生的2180个有效特大刑事案件的资料为载体,探讨了刑事犯罪人和被害人在性别、户籍构成以及案件类型上所存在的差异,进而提出了犯罪行为中的“树大招风”现象和“社会分层”现象,并做了进一步的探讨。     

楚墓中的殉葬现象述略

楚墓殉葬制度的研究,对还原楚文化的面貌,反映楚国社会生活状况和思想意义重大。殉葬现象在原始社会时期就已经出现了,商代时达到鼎盛,周、春秋、战国皆有殉葬的习俗,它在楚墓中主要表现为人殉葬,车马殉葬,各类动物殉葬这三个方面。     

《梦千代日记》中的原爆受害女性形象

二战结束后,"原爆"的深远影响一直受到社会各界的广泛关注。与同时期描写女性原子弹受害者的作品相比,《梦千代日记》以其独树一帜的对原爆受害者形象的理解与刻画,在诸多同类作品中脱颖而出。本文通过对作品主人公梦千代形象的分析,讨论了作品引发社会共鸣的历史文化原因,及其艺术表现手法的突破与局限。     

Prostitution and Human Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation

The paper aims to enhance understanding of sex trafficking and prostitution and provides distinction between the two. It argues that it is not prostitution itself which may fuel sex trafficking, but the exploitation of prostitution. Examples of the pro-prostitution and anti-prostitution policies are provided to support this argument. Svitlana Batsyukova received her Masters Degree in Public Administration with concentration in International Development from University of Washington, USA.     

Offenders as victims of crime?: an investigation into the relationship between criminal behaviour and victimization

Summary.  We consider the association between victimization and offending behaviour by using data from the Youth Lifestyles Survey. We consider the effect of violent and non-violent offending on the probability of being a victim of violent and non-violent crime and find a positive association between these by using univariate probit estimates. However, taking into account the endog- enous nature of offending and victimization via a bivariate probit model, we find that univariate estimates understate the association. We suggest that policy recommendations should only be informed by the bivariate analysis of the association between offending and victimization.     

日本对家庭暴力受害妇女的保护及启示

2001年4月,日本制定《防止来自配偶的暴力及保护被害者的法律》(简称《家暴防止法》),这是日本为解决家庭暴力问题而制定的专门法律,并于当年10月开始正式实施。为防止配偶的暴力以及保护受害者,《家暴防止法》创设保护命令制度并设置配偶暴力咨询援助中心。在这部法律的相关规定中,通过建立妇女保护设施、创办妇女咨询所和配备妇女咨询员,保护受害妇女,力争使受害妇女过上正常人的生活。日本通过立法、官方和民间机构合作形式解决家庭暴力受害妇女的做法,对我国解决家庭暴力受害妇女问题可以提供一些有益的启示。     

Lay people in court: the experience of defendants,eyewitnesses and victims

The article considers the effect of criminal trial procedures on the experience at court of victims, witnesses and defendants. Trials for offences involving physical violence were observed, and interviews conducted with those involved. The article highlights communication problems lay people encountered relating to courtroom conventions, discusses alternative procedures granting more room for narrative testimony, and draws parallels between such an approach and principles of research methods directed to securing valid, reliable data.