中国农工民主党妇女参政数据分析

通过2000份问卷的分析研究,表明民主党派女党员具有很强的参政议政能力,但目前中国妇女参政的总体水平偏低;重男轻女的传统偏见是影响女性参政的首要因素;女性主动参政的意识较弱;女干部选拔任用的政策和落实之间仍有差距;女性特殊劳动是影响妇女参政的关键。     

农民工子女城市融入的增权途径探索

作为城市中第二代移民的农民工子女,其城市融入存在着诸多障碍,如何解决是关乎城市社会稳定发展的重要问题之一,笔者试图从已有的农民工子女城市融入中存在的困境入手,从增权理论角度,对农民工子女的城市融入提供途径,提升其城市融入的能力.     

继承光荣传统弘扬优良作风——纪念中国工农红军长征胜利七十周年

中国工农红军在革命斗争的实践过程中,逐步形成了以开展人民战争、坚持党对军队的绝对领导、采取灵活多样的战略战术、建立军内民主制度等为主要内容的一系列光荣传统和以心系群众、先人后己、勇敢战斗、威武不屈、艰苦奋斗、勤俭朴素、团结友爱等为基本内容的一整套优良作风。回顾这些宝贵经验,对于弘扬红军精神、贯彻科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的时代价值。     

兰州城区流动人口子女教育现状

对兰州城区部分6~14周岁的流动人口子女教育现状的调查表明:流动人口子女家庭教育的客观环境较差。在学校的义务教育中,被调查对象对学校基本满意;学校的教学和课程基本适应学生发展需要;老师对待本地孩子和流动人口子女差别不明显,个别方面有所差异;流动人口子女与同学关系总体来说比较好。大多数流动人口子女自我评价比较肯定和积极。流动人口子女的教育,不但需要家长树立科学、理性的教育观念,学校内也要建立平等的教育环境,政府方面更应采取一定的措施。     

12-h workdays: current knowledge and future directions

Work schedules other than those based on the traditional 8-h workday duration have become much more common in recent years. Many such schedules compress the work week into three or four longer workdays and include an increased number of days off. In particular, rosters based on 12-h workdays have gained in popularity, and such rosters have been the focus of considerable research. The literature on 12-h workdays is, however, full of inconsistencies. Not surprisingly, there is considerable evidence from some of these studies that 12-h shifts tend to cause more fatigue than 8-h shifts. This extra fatigue may be associated with lower work efficiency, and with more errors and accidents. There is also strong evidence that workers prefer 12-h shifts due to some perceived advantages. The present paper reviews and examines these studies and their findings and discusses some possible reasons for the apparent contradictions in reported findings. Directions for decision makers and future research are suggested.     

“民工荒”的成因、绩效与对策

围绕近期出现的“民工荒”现象,分析了“民工荒”出现的深层次原因,揭示了“民工荒”的存在对我国目前经济增长与未来经济发展所产生的积极意义和不容忽视的影响,并从有利于农民广泛就业的角度,给出了相应的对策思考。     

INTERNATIONAL STUDY CIRCLES

In theory, computers have overcome the tyranny of distance associated with international education. In practice, many obstacles remain. An examination of International Study Circles allows for a greater understanding of the issues associated with computer-assisted international workers' education.     

The rise and fall? Of mental stress claims in the USA

Occupation-related mental stress has been associated with significant loss in terms of diminished productivity, higher absenteeism, and increased workers' compensation claims. The Liberty Mutual Group workers' compensation data were analysed for the years 1984-93 for mental stress-related claims. This represented over 7 million claims, over 17000 of which were identified as mental stress-related. The proportion of all stress claims was estimated for each year. The proportion by gender, age and occupation (job classification code and occupation name) was also described. Stress claims increased during the late 1980s, peaking in 1991, accounting for 0.48% of all claims and 1.69% of all claims costs, and has declined since. Even at its peak, mental stress claims were not a major portion of workers' compensation losses. However, they are expensive. The average costs of a stress claim in 1993 was about $13000. The state of California accounts for 60% of the claims reported to Liberty Mutual over this 10-year period. In 1993 women accounted for 51% of the stress claims and about 30% of all claims. The mean age of workers with stress claims was 39.3 years, with most stress claims from 30 to 34 year-olds. High-risk occupations and industries include banks, insurance companies, general labourers, management, salespersons, and drivers. The current decline in stress claims can largely be explained by a combination of changes in unemployment, increasing litigation, and changes in law in California and other states that made more stringent the requirements whereby a mental stress claim can be considered work-related. While the data presented are helpful for comparing stress claims to all claims reported to Liberty Mutual and for identifying high-risk occupations and industries, because of the uniqueness of the stress claim selection algorithm and the uncertainties with cost estimates, the cost figures are not directly comparable to other claims reporting systems.     

对小型企业劳资关系规范问题的思考

笔者对现阶段我国小型企业劳资关系规范现状及其影响因素进行了分析,并提出完善小型企业劳资关系的公共政策、强化工会的维权和协调作用、建全劳动者社会救济制度和劳方社会保障流动机制、发展小型企业资方社会组织等建议。     

企业"二元结构"的成因、危害与根治

企业"二元结构",是指在同一企业或单位内存在着两种截然不同的用工制度和劳动制度,从劳动者、劳动岗位、劳动条件、劳动报酬和劳动保障等,分别在两条不同的轨道上运行.形成企业"二元结构"的原因主要有用工和劳动制度改革中的歧区,农村剩余劳动力的大量涌流和企业既得利益团体的形成.应从尊重农民工的合法权利、严格按"劳动法"办事等方面来进行根治.