尼采的“冲动”学说

本文基于尼采的早期著作《朝霞》,对尼采的“冲动”学说进行解读。尼采引入冲动一词源于对于道德的批判,以表达他对于人的自我的全新理解。本文致力于从概念上廓清尼采使用的“冲动”一词,归根结底,“冲动”的概念可以通过诉诸价值、欲望和行动三者之间的内在统一而进行说明;考察了冲动的来源,冲动的演化过程,以期能够解释“冲动”何以被视为一系列汇聚起来的集合体;最后,对“冲动”本质上可以用目的论来说明的观点进行反驳,提出一种更为合理的谱系学的理解。     

Detection of biotic responses to urbanization using fish assemblages from small streams of western Georgia,USA

We examined relationships between stream fish assemblages and land use alteration associated with urbanization in 15 lower Piedmont watersheds along an urbanization gradient north of Columbus, western Georgia. Based on land cover data from 2002 Landsat 7 TM imagery aerial photos, streams drained watersheds that were largely urban, developing (suburban), agricultural (pasture), managed pine forest, and unmanaged mixed-forest. We quantified fish seasonally from 3 run-pool segments in each stream, and used a variety of metrics as response variables in analyses of relationships between fish assemblage structure and land use and natural basin variation. In general, Georgia-Index of Biotic Integrity (GA-IBI) values, Bray-Curtis faunal similarity of streams to mean conditions within reference streams, proportions of fish as lithophilic spawners, and fish lacking eroded fins, lesions, tumors decreased with increasing urbanization. Multiple regression indicated that assemblages were explained by a combination of land use and natural basin variables (basin size, average discharge, nearest distance to a larger downstream tributary [colonization source]), with land use variables being important predictors of summer assemblages and natural basin variables being more important in winter and spring assemblages. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinations revealed strong separation between assemblages in urban watersheds and forested watersheds, whereas assemblages in agricultural and developing watersheds were intermediate between those in urban and forested watersheds. Our data suggest that fish are reliable indicators of anthropogenic disturbance at the landscape scale, at least seasonally, and may be used to forecast the magnitude of landscape-level changes in stream structure and function associated with the conversion of forests to urban/suburban land in the Southeast.     

美在对形象的超越——李商隐诗歌意象探析

李商隐诗凄美动人而又晦涩难解,主要表现其心灵世界。其诗歌多用象喻,但这个喻体的本体却不出现,而是跨越本体直接说到这个喻体所引起的情思,得意而忘象。这正是义山诗的难解之处,也体现了其诗歌独特的美。义山诗超越了形象本身,又涵盖了一切形象,而这种超越形象的美是建立在其独特的诗歌意象系统之上的。在词藻、意象组合、意象创新上,李商隐都有其特色。     

Bangkok flooded: re(assembling) disaster mobility

ABSTRACT

The paper investigates mobility options and practices of irregular migrant workers and international urban refugees during the 2011 flood in Bangkok, Thailand. Contributing to debates on disaster mobility and climate change induced displacement, the paper explores how citizenship and racialized differences unfolded during the flood event and how such differences had (de)mobilising effects for specific subgroups of Bangkok’s irregular population. Drawing on the concepts of assemblage and affect the paper proposes to perceive of race as emergent within concrete interactions between bodies, rather than a pre-given social category or a purely discursive trope. From this perspective the body itself may become a repository to subvert or manipulate racialized perceptions. The paper argues that approaching race as an emerging assemblage helps to shed light both on the demobilising effects race had on people’s mobility as well as on the fleeting moments of generosity and care between people that proliferated alongside such demobilisations.     

Museums,scholarly enterprise and global assemblages: a response to ‘Artifacts and allegiances: how museums put the nation and the world on display’

This discussion of ‘Artifacts and Allegiances: how museums put the nation and the world on display’ by Peggy Levitt shows the efficacy of the cosmopolitan–national continuum as an analysis of the conditions of museums in a globalized world. It suggests that nationalism and cosmopolitanism, whilst posed as alternatives, are not seriously in tension within the liberal global museum. It finds that the book is useful in proposing the museum as a complex cultural assemblage, but that the lack of theoretical integration into the body of the narrative limits the scope for examination of what is entailed. The review suggests that a new progressive discourse of the museum of the 21st century would need to consider and include the participation and engagement of the museum’s audiences, both present and online.     

The surveillant assemblage

George Orwell's 'Big Brother' and Michel Foucault's 'panopticon' have dominated discussion of contemporary developments in surveillance. While such metaphors draw our attention to important attributes of surveillance, they also miss some recent dynamics in its operation. The work of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari is used to analyse the convergence of once discrete surveillance systems. The resultant 'surveillant assemblage' operates by abstracting human bodies from their territorial settings, and separating them into a series of discrete flows. These flows are then reassembled in different locations as discrete and virtual 'data doubles'. The surveillant assemblage transforms the purposes of surveillance and the hierarchies of surveillance, as well as the institution of privacy.     

小城镇产业、空间和人口相关实证分析

小城镇在传统农业发展的基础上形成，但目前小城镇的发展与传统农业之间不再紧密相关。小城镇经济空间集聚能力进一步提升，产业发育和集聚发展不断演进。人口集聚对小城镇发展有一定的积极作用，但人口数量的多寡与小城镇经济发展潜力之间缺少实证支持。不同地理环境既影响小城镇的空间格局，也影响小城镇发展模式。需要根据小城镇不同的区位条件和特点，实施差异化的小城镇发展战略。     

知识经济条件下中小企业发展的战略思考

知识经济给中小企业的快速发展创造了前所未有的机遇,也对中小企业的生产方式、经营管理与组织结构等方面提出了全新的挑战。针对知识经济的特征,中小企业应从培养企业的核心竞争力、加强人力资源管理与文化建设、谋求合作、目标集聚等方面做出战略思考。     

从海域使用权制度透视物权法理论的新发展

海域使用权的客体是能够特定化的不动产——海域，其性质为集合物。海域使用权在我国物权法用益物权体系中拥有了一席之地，标志着传统的物权法理论已经出现了一些新的变化和发展：第一，不动产的范围扩大，由传统的土地逐渐发展到海域、空间等新类型的物。第二，集合物不仅可以作为担保物权的客体，也应当可以作为用益物权的客体。第三，用益物权是一个开放的体系，其随着社会的发展，不断进行扬弃。     

The sexuality‐assemblage: desire,affect, anti‐humanism

Two theoretical moves are required to resist the ‘humanist enticements’ associated with sexuality. Post‐structuralism supplies the first, showing how the social produces culturally specific sexual knowledgeabilities. A second anti‐humanist move is then needed to overturn anthropocentric privileging of the human body and subject as the locus of sexuality. In this paper we establish a language and landscape for a Deleuze‐inspired anti‐humanist sociology of sexuality that shifts the location of sexuality away from bodies and individuals. Sexuality in this view is an impersonal affective flow within assemblages of bodies, things, ideas and social institutions, which produces sexual (and other) capacities in bodies. Assemblages territorialize bodies' desire, setting limits on what it can do: this process determines the shape of sexuality, which is consequently both infinitely variable and typically highly restricted. We illustrate how this anti‐humanist ontology may be applied to empirical data to explore sexuality‐assemblages, and conclude by exploring the theoretical and methodological advantages and disadvantages of an anti‐humanist assemblage approach to sexuality.