Strengths-Based Approach and Coping Strategies used by Parents Whose Young Children Exhibit Violent Behaviour: Collaboration Between Schools and Parents

This research study explores the strategies adopted by 60 parents of children between 3 and 9 years of age considered to have engaged in violent behaviour, within the meaning of the Safe Schools Act (Ontario Ministry of Education, Canada, 2000). This legal framework requires parents to be involved in the decisions concerning their children. Parents’ perceptions of their involvement lead them to develop coping strategies enabling them to play a more active role in such decision making. This article analyzes their perceptions according to a strengths-based approach and seeks to provide a mediation perspective to social work practice with families.

It is risky business: can social capital reduce risk-taking behaviours among disadvantaged youth?

This study addresses the gap in the research for sound multidimensional assessment of social capital and its relationship with risk-taking behaviour among youths living in disadvantaged communities. Social capital and adolescent risk-taking outcomes were studied cross-sectionally in 1371 secondary students living in two disadvantaged communities within Australia. First, a multidimensional measure of social capital was developed and tested using confirmatory factor analysis. Then, the associations between social capital and a range of youth risk-taking behaviours were examined using structural equation modelling across five-year groups (Grades 7–12). With a few exceptions, higher levels of social capital and belongingness within the school and community were generally associated with decreases in smoking, alcohol and drug consumption, and physical violence. Some outcomes were more strongly associated with family and peer social capital, while others associated more with neighbour and community social capital, indicating that attempts to build social capital need to be targeted across the whole community. This study supports the notion that social capital can be measured empirically and is beneficial in alleviating many of the detrimental health outcomes commonly associated with risk-taking behaviours during adolescence.     

对虚假广告行为侵权问题的探讨

目前虚假广告充斥市场 ,屡禁不止 ,已成为一大社会公害。在虚假广告行为中 ,侵权责任人理应承担民事侵权责任     

“城市开发”名义下的业主维权障碍解析

本文在经营城市和城市开发的背景下阐释房地产市场利益主体的博弈关系,认为在房地产市场上,政府是土地的供给方,也是规划和配套、监管和规则的组合供给者,作为具有谋利化倾向的市场多元供应主体,政府与开发商理所当然结成合法性利益关系,这使得房地产市场上业主群体的维权行为遭遇来自地方利益群体的自我保护机制的阻碍,如信息不对称、媒体失语和政府部门的不作为等,从而导致现阶段房地产市场业主维权困难。     

高校贫困生的社会支持与亲社会行为的关系研究——基于湖南、贵州两所高校贫困生的调查

社会支持是高校贫困生顺利完成学业的重要保障。从来源上说,社会支持包括非正式社会支持和正式社会支持。通过调查研究发现,非正式社会支持中的情感支持、经济支持、陪伴支持和信息支持对高校贫困生的亲社会行为影响较大;正式支持中的助学贷款支持对高校贫困生的亲社会行为影响较为显著。     

Promoting AIDS-preventive behaviours: The role of message fear appeal and audience's characteristics

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the effects, in terms of cognitive elaboration and behavioural intentions, of television anti-AIDS public service announcements adopting different levels of fear appeal. At the same time, the influence of audience's characteristics, such as general orientation toward risk, perceived risk of contracting AIDS, and past sexual behaviours was analyzed. 114 Italian undergraduate non-psychology students participated in a pretest-treatment-posttest experiment on voluntary basis. Subjects were randomly allocated to the exposure of three messages adopting increasing levels of fear appeal. Results both from analyses of covariance and from structural equation modelling show that: a) extreme levels of fear appeal induce negative evaluations and reduced compliance with the message; b) future preventive intentions are much more affected by past preventive behaviours than by anti-AIDS messages; c) general orientation toward risk significantly affects both past and future preventive behaviours.     

Poverty,income inequality and externalised problem behaviours of children: an empirical study in Korea

The primary purpose of this study is to examine the effects of neighbourhood poverty and income inequality on children's externalised problem behaviours in Korea. For the analysis, we used the National Survey of Children and Youth data and employed a multilevel analysis method. The results show that income inequality level of a community is a significant factor in increasing children's externalised problem behaviours. When controlled for income inequality, poverty itself was not significantly related to the level of children's externalised problem behaviours. We provide social welfare practice and policy implications of the findings in the paper.     

Physical activity and nutrition program for adults with metabolic syndrome: Process evaluation

IntroductionThe Vietnam Physical Activity and Nutrition (VPAN) program aimed to improve physical activity and nutrition for adults aged 50–65 years with Metabolic Syndrome in Vietnam. The VPAN program consisted of a range of resources and strategies, including an information booklet, resistance band, face-to-face education sessions, and walking groups. This process evaluation assessed the participation, fidelity, satisfaction, and reasons for completing and not-completing the VPAN.MethodsData were collected by mixed-methods from a sample of 214 intervention participants. Quantitative data were collected via surveys (n = 163); qualitative data via face-to-face exit interviews with intervention program completers (n = 10) and non-completers (n = 10), and brief post education session discussions.ResultsMost participants (87%–96%) reported the program resources and strategies useful, assisting them to increase their physical activity level and improving their diet. The education sessions were the most preferred strategy (97%) with high attendance (>78% of participants). The main reasons for withdrawal were work commitments and being too busy.ConclusionThe evaluation indicated that the program reached and engaged the majority of participants throughout the six-month intervention. The combination of printed resources and face-to-face intervention components was a suitable approach to support lifestyle behavioural change in the Vietnamese population.     

转型时期农民聚众行为的特点及成因

农民聚众行为的较频繁发生表明乡村社会已处于失序状态。转型时期农民聚众行为呈现出主体多层次且低素质、动机趋利性、部分行为直指基层行政行为、行为方式部分的合法而无序等特点。深究其因 ,是农民对自身被剥夺感的群体认同、而社会主导意识内化程度不高及市场经济条件下国家行政能力弱化的结果