Becoming Custodial Dads: Exploring Parenting Among Low‐Income and Working‐Class African American Fathers

The authors use an ecological framework and grounded theoretical analysis to explore the circumstances in which working‐class and low‐income custodial African American fathers gain custody of their children, their transition from part‐time to full‐time parents, and the role of support networks in enhancing or inhibiting these men's parenting. Twenty‐four men from an impoverished Midwestern urban area participated in the study. The findings suggest that these men, and perhaps others sharing their demographic profiles, generally become parents by default and are often reluctant to take on a full‐time, single parenting role. Adaptation to the role seems to be enhanced by these men's use of extended kin support networks and shared living arrangements. However, low wages, a lack of sufficient assistance from public assistance programs, and informal custody arrangements often inhibit their fathering.     

美国军队大量雇佣女兵的原因分析——兼谈美国女兵的被虐与虐俘

伊拉克战场上美国女英雄的形象正在幻灭,这一奇怪的现象导致人们重新观察美国军队中女兵多的事实,两种现象的同样一种原因是美国社会长期存在的男女不平等.美国政府急于把妇女推向战场,并不是真正出于对妇女社会地位的重视,而是为了满足其称霸世界的政治利益需要,为此而参战的美国女兵,不仅不能成为英雄,而且必将成为"另类的炮灰".     

以课程建设为核心，加强素质教育

指出素质教育是一种“以人为本”的教育观 ,注重人的全面发展。强调课程建设是实施素质教育的基础性工作 ,对提高人才培养质量起到关键性的作用。以东北大学平台课程建设为例 ,分析了目前高等学校课程建设的现状 ,并提出课程建设的中心任务是更新教育观念 ,改革教学内容和课程体系 ,以适应学生创新能力培养的需要 ,为高等学校课程建设工作的改革与发展提供理论依据。     

Girls’ Jobs for the Boys? Men,Masculinity and Non‐Traditional Occupations

Occupational segregation by sex remains the most pervasive aspect of the labour market. In the past, most research on this topic has concentrated on explanations of women’s segregation into low paid and low status occupations, or investigations of women who have crossed gender boundaries into men’s jobs, and the potential impact on them and the occupations. In contrast, this article reports on a small‐scale, qualitative study of ten men who have crossed into what are generally defined as ‘women’s jobs’. In doing so, one of the impacts on them has been that they have experienced challenges to their masculine identity from various sources and in a variety of ways. The men’s reactions to these challenges, and their strategies for developing and accommodating their masculinity in light of these challenges, are illuminating. They either attempted to maintain a traditional masculinity by distancing themselves from female colleagues, and/or partially (re)constructed a different masculinity by identifying with their non‐traditional occupations. This they did as often as they deemed necessary as a response to different forms of challenge to their gender identities from both men and women. Finally, the article argues that these responses work to maintain the men as the dominant gender, even in these traditionally defined ‘women’s jobs’.     

情、法与社会发展——科技精英犯罪量刑问题探析

对科技精英犯罪如何量刑,分歧在于坚持刑法适用面前人人平等抑或适度从宽。从犯罪互动的角度看,对被告人量刑是国家对犯罪行为的应因性回应的无奈之举。法律面前人人平等原则追求形式平等,反映刑法的应然性要求,因体现为政治宣示而具有象征意义。刑法的目的之一在于维护社会的整体利益和推动社会发展,学界对此多有忽视。因此,立足国情,贯彻宽严相济的刑事政策,对科技精英犯罪区别不同情形适度从宽量刑,符合刑事法规定,且更有利于推动社会发展。     

Exploring Shame,Guilt, and Risky Substance Use Among Sexual Minority Men and Women

This study examined the interrelations among shame-proneness, guilt-proneness, internalized heterosexism (IH), and problematic substance use among 389 gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women. Problematic alcohol and drug use were positively related to shame-proneness and negatively related to guilt-proneness. Bisexuals reported riskier substance use behaviors, lower levels of guilt-proneness, and higher levels of IH than gay men and lesbians. Furthermore, study findings indicated that shame and IH are related. Additional investigations of these associations would supplement current understandings of sexual minority stress and advance the development of substance-related intervention and prevention efforts targeting sexual minorities.     

实现男女平等构建两性和谐发展的社会

男女两性协调发展在构建和谐社会中有十分重要的意义,两性协调发展可促进经济、社会协调发展,有利于人的全面发展,同时女性发展得到重视,有助于从根本上提高民族素质,推动三大文明建设。但实际生活中,实现男女平等、协调发展既面临传统与现实的挑战,又面临经济全球化、城市化、工业化进程带来的机遇。本文在分析这些情况的基础上,提出解决男女协调发展的途径。     

浅析庄子的和谐思想及其现实意义

时代在进步,认识亦随时代而发展。人类自其诞生至今,生生不息,代代相传。在对待自然的态度上,人们普遍认为,在经历了古代的“崇拜”“敬畏”,近代的“征服”“统治”之后,作为否定之否定的和谐形态,是对前两个阶段的积极扬弃。其实,在两千多年前,作为中国最伟大的思想家之一,庄子天人合一的和谐思想为和谐社会提供了一个理想的存在空间,在当今举国以高涨的热情构建社会主义和谐社会之时,庄子的和谐思想无疑有着极强的现实借鉴意义。     

Sexual Practices Among a Sample of Young Lesbian and Bisexual Women from Mexico: An Exploratory Study

Objective: To describe sexual practices in Mexican lesbian and bisexual women. Materials and method: An online survey was conducted with a nonprobabilistic sample of self-identified lesbian (n?=?768) and bisexual (n?=?371) women from the 32 states of Mexico. Results: Lesbians less frequently reported having had sex with a man than bisexual women. Preferred sexual practices with other women were external genital stimulation with fingers, internal genital stimulation with fingers, and oral genital stimulation. Most (～80%) participants did not use protection to prevent sexually transmitted infections. Conclusions: Our results can inform the design of promotion and prevention programs in sexual health aimed at sexual minority women.     

The rise of chemsex: queering collective intimacy in neoliberal London

Since 2011, various public health organizations have observed the growth of the sexual practice ‘chemsex’ in the UK, primarily in London. The term chemsex refers to group sexual encounters between gay and bisexual men in which the recreational drugs GHB/GBL, mephedrone and crystallized methamphetamine are consumed. This article uses a conjunctural perspective to make sense of the rise of chemsex within the historical conditions in which it has emerged. Drawing on a document analysis as well as interviews with 15 gay and bisexual men, this article argues that the rise of chemsex can be interpreted as an embodied response to material conditions shaped by neoliberalism: specifically as a desire for an intimate mode of collectivity during a historical moment when collectivity itself is being superseded by competitive individualism as the privileged mode of being in the world (Gilbert, J. [2013]. Common ground: democracy and collectivity in an Age of individualism. London: Pluto Press). In doing so, this article provides a different account to pathologizing media and medical representations of chemsex that appeared in 2015, whilst also contributing to a growing literature that attempts to map the balance of forces of the present conjuncture.