敖鲁古雅鄂温克族乡经济发展的战略思考

敖鲁古雅鄂温克族乡是我国最后一个移民乡和惟一一个驯鹿养殖基地。特殊的地理环境,独特的民族文化和生产方式,决定了其经济发展必然走驯鹿产业化和发展原生态旅游业之路,发挥城乡边缘区的补充功能,借区域经济发展之力,发挥自身的资源优势,以实现经济的快速和可持续发展。     

剺面习俗的渊源和流传

剺面习俗在东汉至隋唐时期流行于以突厥为主体的西域诸民族中,并于唐代前期随着突厥与中原政权的频繁交往和大量降唐的突厥人内迁而被汉族等更多的民族所了解。剺面习俗在匈奴人中并未流行,突厥中的剺面习俗是由迁入西域的民族传入的。春秋战国时期,一些分布在阿尔泰山及附近地区的鹿石面部有斜线纹,它们很可能表示的是剺面的创伤。     

满-通古斯诸民族与朝鲜民族民间叙事文学中神鹿的象征意蕴

从远古时期起,满—通古斯诸民族先民和朝鲜民族先民就生活在中国东北大、小兴安岭到三江流域的有着广阔原始森林的严寒地带。鹿是他们主要的捕猎对象,也是他们所崇拜的图腾。原始先民观念的发展大体相继出现了自然崇拜、图腾崇拜和祖先崇拜。从满—通古斯诸民族和朝鲜民族的民间叙事文学看,上述各观念阶段出现的神鹿分别象征着宇宙动物、人母、天地之间使者等。     

破解《诗经·小雅·鹿鸣》诗的上古礼乐文化信息之谜

文章以《鹿鸣》诗为中心揭示鹿意象的文化内涵鹿在上古时期与女性有着类比关系,它是女性和权力的象征,也与婚嫁有着种种联系。     

白唇鹿睾丸生精上皮的组织学观察

研究了白唇鹿（Ｇｅｒｖｕｓａｌｂｉｒｏｓｔｒｉｓ）睾丸生精上皮的组织学结构．将其生精上皮的细胞组合分为八个不同的时相，并描述了各时相的生精细胞组合特点，发现白唇鹿曲细精管中各级生精细胞的数量比较少，且细胞的排列较为疏松．     

梅花鹿的引种驯养试验

梅花鹿的饲养着急是抓好公鹿、母鹿、仔鹿的培育及育及成鹿的饲养，经驯养试验，南方适宜养殖，且饲料丰富，前景广阔。     

汉画中鹿图像文化阐释

汉画中有关鹿的画面,可分为猎鹿和神鹿。猎鹿是汉代人对原始社会狩猎活动的一种集体无意识反映;神鹿具有升仙工具、阴性象征及祥瑞象征的性质,与鹿的奔走、性情、生育特征、医药功能以及“物候历法”的作用密切相关。在鹿神话的基础上又形成了飞廉、麒麟、天禄等神话。     

Annual and seasonal habitat use of Columbian black-tailed deer in urban Vancouver, Washington

We investigated habitat use of Columbian black-tailed deer in urban Vancouver, Clark County, Washington, at 3 spatial scales: (1) placement of the annual home range within the landscape mosaic, (2) annual and seasonal locations of deer within the annual home range, and (3) short-term use of critical habitats (fawning areas) within seasonal ranges. Annual home range sizes of deer were 162 ha (SD = 133; 95% minimum convex polygon; MCP) and 266 ha (SD = 228; 95% adaptive kernel; AK) for does, and 756 ha (SD = 290; MCP) and 1,235 ha (SD = 382; AK) for bucks. Home range composition of does did not differ from the study area; home ranges of bucks contained more Natural ecological land-use cover types (ELUs) than did the study area. Within home ranges, both does and bucks used Natural ELUs more often than expected by their occurrence in the home range, both annually and seasonally. During the fawning season, does were also found in Natural ELUs more often than expected. Clark County-designated habitat corridors differed from both the study area and deer home ranges in habitat composition, primarily by containing more Natural and other undeveloped ELUs. Deer were located in habitat corridors more than expected. Deer in urban areas appear to use undeveloped habitat types for security. Management that maintains Natural ELUs, such as establishment of wildlife corridors, can provide important habitat components for black-tailed deer in urban habitats.     

野生动物资源最优管理的动态经济模型及实证研究

研究自然条件、社会发展和经济政策等多方面对野生动物资源管理的约束与系统分析野生动物资源管理的动态经济均衡,对于野生动物保护管理具有十分重要的理论支持和实践指导。在自然条件方面,以开放生物种群资源生长的Logistic增长模型作为约束条件;在社会发展方面,考虑产业资本投入的影响;在经济政策方面,以税收或补贴为约束条件,运用成本收益分析建立野生动物资源持续利用的动态经济均衡模型,并利用常微分方程、最大值原理等数学方法求解得到最优资源存量水平和最优收获量。同时以麝为例进行应用性实证分析,得到麝类资源的最优种群水平为143．01万只,最优持续收获量为66．24万只。当贴现率从0．01到0．1之间变化时,麝类资源最优种群水平将在149．93到134．36万只之间,而最优持续产量将维持在66．44到65．59万只之间。     

Wildlife conservation in urban greenways of the mid-southeastern United States

Goals related to wildlife conservation are stated or implied in many urban greenway plans, but the actual wildlife conservation value of urban greenways is unclear. We surveyed 72 km. of greenway consisting of 38 different greenway segments in six cities in the mid-southeastern United States to determine the presence or absence of red fox (Vulpes vulpes), grey fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and to assess characteristics of the greenways and adjacent lands that might promote or limit the presence of these species in each greenway. We focused on fox and deer because these mammals, while habitat generalists, require diverse habitats within close proximity, and are more sensitive to human disturbance and have larger territories than the majority of urban wildlife in this region. Thus, they can serve as indicator species for these habitat values in urban greenways in the southeastern United States. Field observations and scent station inventories revealed that only 18 of the 38 greenway segments had either fox or deer, 12 had only fox, 6 had fox and deer, and none had deer alone. Greenway segments with more forest cover, wider corridors, greater amounts of adjacent natural or seminatural habitat, and forest connectivity between greenways and nonadjacent natural areas were more likely to have fox or deer present. Characteristics associated with fox and deer presence were not independent of each other. Because greenways with such characteristics tend to be surrounded by less urban areas, adjacent land use is a good predictor of fox and deer presence in the surveyed greenways. Whether greenways that are beneficial to fox and deer can be developed in urban settings is strongly site specific, because the greenway variables that appear most essential to these species are often dictated by the preexisting urban form and the vegetation in the vicinity of the greenway. Because the wildlife conservation value of urban greenways depends greatly on factors external to the greenway, greenways that have fox and deer present today may be particularly vulnerable to future changes in surrounding land use.