公民·公民教育·思想政治教育

公民概念在西方由来已久 ,它直接与国家相连并被认为是政治民主的一个关键因素。西方公民教育的核心 ,就是通过政治社会化形成公民意识。我国传统上只有臣民而无公民和公民教育 ,民国建立后所实施的公民教育也不成体系。真正将公民教育单独提出并加以强调 ,是在我国社会的转型时期。在社会主义市场经济条件下 ,立足于公民的塑造 ,培养公民的意识、观念与精神 ,是思想政治教育与时俱进、顺应时代发展的客观要求     

公民权利与公民道德

公民道德可以说是一种以法律为资源的道德,公民道德基本要素“爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭节约、敬业奉献”是与法律所规定的公民义务内容相一致的。长期以来,我们一直忽略对公民权利的维护和尊重,这是道德教育不能发挥应有作用的原因之一。要加强公民道德建设,提倡和培养尊重他人、尊重权利、尊重公共生活规则的道德习惯,首先要让公民学会尊重自己,让整个社会尊重普通公民的权利。     

The relationship between presenteeism and job satisfaction: A mediated moderation model using work engagement and perceived organizational support

Research on presenteeism has largely focused on its prevalence, determinants and consequences on the health of both employees and organizations. To date, few studies have examined the influence of presenteeism on workers’ attitudinal and motivational responses. Based on the Effort–Recovery Theory, this study evaluates the mediating effect of work engagement in the relationship between presenteeism and job satisfaction. Building on previous work, this study also proposes to consider perceived organizational support as a moderator of the work engagement–job satisfaction relationship. Presented in the form of a mediated moderation model, the results of bootstrapped regression analyses show three main results. First, presenteeism is negatively associated with work engagement and job satisfaction. Secondly, work engagement is one of the factors through which presenteeism influences job satisfaction. Thirdly, perceived organizational support moderates the association between work engagement and job satisfaction so that, at a low level of work engagement, feeling supported by the organization makes a difference on job satisfaction. Overall, this research is part of the limited number of studies that have focused on the interplay existing between presenteeism and its consequences in terms of job attitudes.     

社群主义的公民观及其教育

社群主义是20世纪80年代产生于西方国家的一种主流政治哲学思潮.社群主义并非凭空出现,而是在一定的现实和理论背景的影响下产生的.作为一种公民教育思潮,社群主义倡导培养一种追求公共善、道德优先和社群优先的极具责任感的公民.为了培养这种公民,社群主义认为:在教育价值观方面,提倡公共善的优先性;在教育目标方面,培养有美德的积极公民;在教育内容方面,注重社群历史文化的教育意义;在教育途径方面,构建国家、社群、学校与教师“四位一体”的培育体系;在教育方法方面,强调公民的实践参与.     

非政府组织视域中的公民道德建设

从历史上看,我国社会经济、政治的特点使非政府组织的萌生和发育缺乏必要的经济动力和制度基础,进而影响到社会的道德建设。非政府组织与公民道德具有内在的关联,它为公民道德建设提供了基础和依据。因此,进一步发展和完善非政府组织发育的社会条件,是推动公民道德建设的题中应有之义。     

国际幼儿参与测量工具研究进展及启示

幼儿在活动中的参与和投入状态反映了幼儿是否深度和有效学习,是幼儿园保教质量评估的重要组成部分,也是幼儿未 来学业成就的重要预测因素。然而,幼儿参与（children engagement）这一变量目前在国内的研究甚少,这可能源于测量工具的 不成熟。国外幼儿参与研究已有一定实证基础,且在政策层面得到西方国家政府的重视。本研究对国际上幼儿参与的主要测 量工具进行系统梳理和介绍,概述它们的主要内容、使用方法、测量范畴和优缺点。在此基础上,提出对我国幼儿参与研究的 几点启示：首先,选择测量工具前须明确幼儿参与的定义;其次,为能全面评估幼儿参与,同时使用观察和量表两种方式,开发 幼儿自我评估的工具,使测量能覆盖幼儿教育全部活动情境等措施是有益的尝试。     

老舍文化视野中的市民世界及其精神内涵

老舍以市民世界畸型的心灵为切入点,深入剖析国民性格的积习和痼疾,开掘其历史文化渊源,并以理性之光寻找中西文化的"熔点"以重铸国民的理想人格,显示了他对国家民族命运的忧思和对未来理想社会的构想。     

‘Democracy always comes first’: adolescents’ views on decision-making in everyday life and political democracy

Research shows adolescents to be positively oriented towards democracy, but little is known about what it actually means to them and what their views are on decision-making in both everyday situations and political democracy. To gain insight into these aspects of adolescents’ democratic views, we have interviewed 40 Dutch adolescents from second grade of different types of high school. Potential conflict between various democratic principles prevalent in everyday life situations was discussed and compared to how they view decision-making in political democracy. The results of our qualitative study showed that adolescents’ views on issues concerning collective decision-making in everyday situations are quite rich and reflect different models of democracy (majoritarian, consensual, and deliberative). Moreover, how adolescents deal with tensions between democratic principles in everyday life situations varies. While some adolescents combine several principles (for instance, majority rule as a last resort after trying to find broader consensus), other adolescents tend to strictly focus on only one of these principles. Adolescents’ views on political democracy, however, are rather limited and one-dimensional. Those adolescents who seemed to have a more explicit picture of political democracy often preferred a strict focus on majority rule, neglecting minority interests.     

An analysis of donor engagement with education policy development in Lao PDR from 1991 to 2000

This paper describes the relationship between donor agencies and government during the development of Lao basic education policy in the post‐Cold War period, 1991‐2000. We argue that Laos had only recently been ‘re‐ born’ from colonial regimes, and was thus unable to resist or mediate donor policy agendas and donors who acted on behalf of economically developed nations. The nature of the power relationship between donor and government is explored through an analysis of policy developed at that time as well as the perceptions of aid conditionalities, as recalled by government officials and those working in the aid sector at that time. These perceptions were gathered through interviews conducted by one of the authors.     

大学生公民品质的塑造与公民教育

在现代社会,大学生应具备的公民品质包括"讲德性"、"守规则"、"有理性"以及"重参与"等四个方面的内容。目前,由于我国公民教育起步较晚,大学校园缺乏公民教育的文化氛围,大学生的公民品质还有待于进一步塑造和培养。利用公民教育塑造大学生的公民品质,需要引导大学生追求优良的公民品质;需要以思想政治理论课为重要载体,加强大学生公民教育;需要在校园生活中开发利用更多的公民教育资源;需要进一步规范和丰富大学生公民教育内容,有效开展公民教育。