博士后工作的认识与实践

以兰州大学博士后工作的实践为基础 ,总结了兰州大学开展博士后工作所取得的成绩和经验 ,指出了存在的主要问题。并结合“西部大开发”这一背景 ,有针对性地提出了发展兰州大学博士后事业的若干建议 ,以期对西部地区的博士后工作有所裨益。     

文化研究的学科化与文学研究的解合法化

近几年来,"文化研究"在文化现实的逼迫和人为的造势中学科化了。相反,文学研究作为学科却出现了"解合法化"的趋势。但是,即使是趋于强势的文化研究也取代不了逐渐边缘化的文学研究。它们两者不是包容或更替的关系。文化研究作为学科是必不可少的,但认为它是文学研究者的事情并将其设置于中文系则既是认识的不到位,也是实践所难以胜任的。在文学并没有真的终结的情况下,文学研究的路仍然宽敞。     

Making the Best of a Bad Job? Female Part‐Timers’ Orientations and Attitudes to Work

This article uses data from 50 qualitative interviews with female part‐time workers in low‐level jobs in Britain to illustrate their attitudes, orientations and aspirations towards paid work. The research reports two main findings. Firstly, even female part‐time workers at the bottom end of the occupational structure are not a homogeneous group of workers. Secondly, they are not all highly satisfied with their jobs. The article argues that many women (especially those in working‐class households) still do not have a genuine choice between ‘family work’ and ‘market work’. It concludes by presenting a theoretical model of orientations to work.     

宏观连续交通流数值模拟

应用交通流宏观连续模型,模拟上下游信号灯作异步周期变化的协调信号灯路段的交通流动,经数值计算比较,选择改进Ｍｕｒｍａｎ格式求解．结果表明：改进Ｍｕｒｍａｎ格式能准确捕捉交通流中无振荡“激波”位置．     

Towards a transdisciplinary blueprint to studying bullying

Events related to bullying are so complex that they require a much broader examination than is usually available from a single disciplinary point of view. The purpose of the present paper is to offer new ways of examining this complex phenomenon. We will argue that transdisciplinarity (henceforth TD) could bring a more comprehensive analysis and a deeper understanding to the current state of bullying research. As a way of emphasizing the benefits of a more pluralistic and integrative approach, we will use TD based examples to describe the general context and process we used to develop a new definition of bullying, one that provides a sharper distinction between bullying and general aggression, thus offering the possibility of more targeted intervention strategies. The present paper is divided into three sections, namely, a selected review of the TD literature, an application of TD inspired ideas and tools that examine bullying from a number of interrelated perspectives, and an outline of a conceptual ‘Disciplinary Continuum’, as an example of how TD can be used to examine complex phenomena. Moreover, we will highlight TD’s expanding role in the funding process, as it is increasingly required by granting agencies and governmental ministries as a criterion for universities’ funding. We conclude by outlining ideas for further inquiries.     

Support for a Fluid-Continuum Model of Sexual Orientation: A Large-Scale Internet Study

In a study with 17,785 subjects obtained over the Internet from the United States and 47 other countries, Kinsey's hypothesis that sexual orientation lies on a continuum was supported. Self-identifications of subjects as gay, straight, bisexual, and other corresponded to broad, skewed distributions, suggesting that such terms are misleading for many people. Sexual orientation range—roughly, how much flexibility someone has in expressing sexual orientation—was also measured. The results support a fluid-continuum model of sexual orientation, according to which genetic and environmental factors determine both the size of the sexual orientation range and the point at which an individual's sexual orientation is centered on the continuum.     

Japanese Sociology in a Global Network. Internationalization,Disciplinary Development,and Minority Integration in the Road Ahead

The dual trajectories of Japanese sociology and Japan itself are poised at a watershed moment in their shared history. In recent years, Japanese sociology has enlarged its international presence in unprecedented fashion and the Tokyo Olympics have positioned the global spotlight on the entire nation of Japan, making it an opportune moment to reflect on the future of Japanese sociology in connection to Japanese society by way of internationalization. This article draws on the author's reflections on the latest 92nd Japan Sociological Society Annual Conference in the context of recent socio‐structural and intellectual transformations in counterpart sociological cultures in Anglo‐America. Drawing on three theorizations of disciplinary development by Abbott, Connell, and Burawoy, this article articulates two dimensions (socio‐structural and intellectual) with which to examine (i) what Japanese sociology can contribute to improve the internationalization decolonization, and pluralization of global sociology; and (ii) what global sociology can do to advance Japanese sociology's public contribution to improving and preserving LGBTQ minorities' societal well‐being.     

Thinking about biology and culture: can the natural and human sciences be integrated?

Genomic analyses have shown that only 1.2 per cent of the genome is devoted to protein coding sequences (the most commonly invoked definition of genes), and that much of the remaining sequences are employed in regulation – that is, in responding to signals, first, from the immediate environment of the DNA, but ultimately from the distal environment – from the cytoplasm, from the environment outside the cell, and finally, from the environment beyond the organism. Such signals are not restricted to the simple physical and chemical stimuli that impinge directly on the DNA, on the surface of the cell, or even on the body as a whole: organisms with central nervous systems have receptors for forms of perception that are not only more complex but far longer range. Humans have especially sophisticated perceptual capacities, enabling them to respond to a wide range of complex visual, auditory, linguistic and behavioural/emotional signals in their extended environment. Research has recently begun to show that responses to such signals can extend all the way down to the level of gene expression. The question is this: to what extent are we witnessing (at last) a rapprochement between the natural science of biology and the human sciences of sociology and anthropology, and to what extent do the new promises of synthesis merely reflect an expansion of older reductionist aims, threatening once again to marginalize rather than incorporate the insights of cultural analysis? As in my earlier discussion of the nature/nurture debate (2010), my focus will be restricted to the Anglo-American context.     

文化学科群创建研究

创建文化学科群是适应和引领经济新常态、遵循和把握问题导向、深化和强化文化学科建设的客观要求和时代呼唤.中国创建的文化学科群,是由马克思主义为指导,以文化学为核心和灵魂、以社会发展领域的文化学科和学科研究范畴的文化学科为主体部分构成的“一头两翼”框架体系.系统创建并深入研究文化学科群,应努力把握其基本特点,运用其科学方法,并彰显其意义.     

自然科学史和大科学史的学科结构

自然科学史经过几百年的演进发展,已经走向初步成熟、能够进行自我认识的阶段.自然科学史已经建立和有待建立的分支学科,可区分为普通科学史、科学综合史、科学学科史、科学社会活动史、专项科学体制史、专项科学成就史七个学科群组.大科学史是指将研究范围延展到包括所有科学部类的科学史.大科学史研究,在分析方向上要特别关注对新兴科学部类的历史审视,在综合方向上要突出对各个科学部类相互关系的历史考察和普通大科学史的相关基础研究.