社交网站上旅游嫉妒的作用及其性别差异

依据社会比较理论,构建社会比较、自我呈现、旅游嫉妒与出游意向间的概念模型,采用问卷 调查方式,在岳麓山—橘子洲旅游景区面向常使用社交网站的青年旅游者实施抽样调查获得基础数据, 以结构方程模型揭示社交网站上旅游嫉妒作用机制及性别差异。结果表明：社会比较正向影响旅游嫉妒, 同时正向影响出游意向;积极自我呈现负向影响旅游嫉妒,其与出游意向不呈负向关系;真实自我呈 现正向影响出游意向,其与旅游嫉妒关系不显著。旅游嫉妒的作用具有较明显的性别差异,青年女性 旅游嫉妒对出游意向呈显著正向影响,影响效果值达 0.251;其真实自我呈现与旅游嫉妒呈负向影响关 系,效果值为 -0.043 且不显著。青年男性旅游嫉妒对出游意向影响不显著,效果值为 0.114;其真实自 我呈现与旅游嫉妒呈正向影响关系,效果值为 0.077 且不显著。     

轻信与嫉妒,奥赛罗悲剧的症结

莎士比亚从道德信条和人性观念出发构筑了《奥赛罗》悲剧,并选择了种族背景和现实的人物关系加以支撑．随着轻信程度的深入,奥赛罗固有的嫉妒心理暴露无遗。应该说在爱情方面极端的嫉妒心理既有人类的共性又离不开特定的时代、阶级特征和奥赛罗的个性特征。     

Nightlife Girls: Envy,Theatre, and Encounters with Men and Women

This article explores how envy influences affective performance in the service industry. Utilizing the first‐person accounts of 12 women working in one Manhattan bar, it examines how the experiences these women have with male and female customers are differently intersected by expectations for gendered performance. It further explores how envy — as the emotion most prompted in the servers in the face of these expectations — can in response be harnessed as a force for their critical agency. Seeing envy as both an antagonizer and central defence mechanism, the paper goes on to dissect the various strategies employed by the serving women to both adopt the differing embodiments of affective gender performance expected by their male and female customers, and protect themselves from the emotional damage that is risked in adopting such externally dictated subjectivities.     

金元以来“柳永戏”述论——兼及戏曲的文化代言问题

自金元以至今天,有许多剧作家以柳永入戏。柳永之词与其风流人生引发了剧作家的浓厚兴趣。相关的古代剧作表达着文人作家艳羡风流且张扬放荡的个性心理,也有对社会压抑、人生坎坷不满情绪的发泄,当然也满足着民间观众艳羡风流的欣赏期待。降及当代,以柳永故事为题材的戏曲却几乎立场一致地对柳永的人生表示理解,对柳永的道德为人进行辩护,甚至把浪子词人的柳永塑造为既忠实于爱情又居官清明的文人形象。这显然是从某种狭隘的地域文化价值的角度出发,或者从地方经济发展的需要出发,在借历史人物代言的时候,肆意涂饰以政治的色彩或装扮以虚假的道德外衣,既违背历史存在给予人物的性格逻辑,也违背戏曲创作的艺术逻辑。     

Key Concepts in the Theory and Treatment of Narcissistic Phenomena

In the 90 years since Sigmund Freud opened the dialogue on narcissism, successive theorists have taken turns at defining what it is, where it comes from, whether or not it is healthy, and what to do about it when it is not. This paper summarizes the history of narcissism theory and offers thumbnail sketches of what narcissism looks like from the perspective of several major theorists. From these conceptualizations are derived six key concepts that recur in narcissism theory: (1) differentiation; (2) internal objects; (3) primitive defenses; (4) envy; (5) superego development; and (6) affect regulation. A vignette shows how these phenomena manifest, and strategies for intervention are discussed for each concept.     

Envy Freeness in Experimental Fair Division Problems

Envy is sometimes suggested as an underlying motive in the assessment of different economic allocations. In the theoretical literature on fair division, following Foley [Foley, D. (1967), Yale Economic Essays, 7, 45–98], the term “envy” refers to an intrapersonal comparison of different consumption bundles. By contrast, in its everyday use “envy” involves interpersonal comparisons of well-being. We present, discuss results from free-form bargaining experiments on fair division problems in which inter-and intrapersonal criteria can be distinguished. We find that interpersonal comparisons play the dominant role. The effect of the intrapersonal criterion of envy freeness is limited to situations in which other fairness criteria are not applicable.      

效率与公平视角下企业及政府的资源配置决策

考虑企业及政府资源配置中效率与公平目标的不同内涵,采用"客户嫉妒"和"个体变权"刻画不同主体的决策行为,分别引入公平参数建立多目标决策模型,并提出基于客户和决策者偏好的公平参数选择方法,实现效率与公平的权衡。将模型转化为变分不等式,设计修正投影算法求解。通过算例进一步分析了不同主体的决策行为差异、公平参数的选择及影响。研究表明:企业与政府的效率最优决策相近,但公平最优决策差异明显;客户公平偏好越高,企业资源配置的分化特征反而越显著;政府决策者公平偏好越高,所有个体间资源配置趋于均等。     

《聊斋志异》中的“易妻为妾”现象探析

"易妻为妾"是产生于《聊斋志异》中《恒娘》篇里的特定语汇。蒲松龄对"易妻为妾"行为的描写,使《恒娘》成为反映女性嫉妒问题的小说特例。"易妻为妾"揭示了妻妾之道下的情爱心理特点,演绎了女性面对婚姻危机时的一种反攻战术,展示了古代夫、妻、妾关系的某种真实面貌。对从古至今长期存在的女性"易妻为妾"的心理和行为还需进行深入的思考和研究。     

What is behind envy? Approach from a psychosocial perspective / ¿Qué se esconde detrás de la envidia? Aproximación desde una perspectiva psicosocial

Envy strongly influences many spheres of social life. However, the psychology of envy is still in its infancy. A theoretical and empirical examination of envy was performed with a psychosocial focus via two exploratory studies. In Study 1 (N = 141), participants were asked to describe an event in which they experienced envy, indicating which people they envied and the reasons for that envy. In Study 2 (N = 311), the relationship between envy and several psychosocial variables such as self-efficacy, self-esteem and perceived control were analysed, as well as the predisposition to express aggressive behaviours in response to this emotion. The results of Study 1 revealed that friends were the most envied people, and abilities or personal skills were the most frequent sources of envy. Likewise, the results of Study 2 showed that self-efficacy, self-esteem and perceived control predicted envy, which in turn predicted the expression of verbal aggressive behaviours.     

平等的概念

平等不同于等同、平均,嫉妒也不是导致平等观念及主张的源泉。平等概念作为一种衡量标准,一种尺度,无法作为一种一般的要求而独立并且普遍有效。我们既无法提出关于人的完全的自然等同的普遍要求,也无法提出个人之间在社会嘉益分配上完全平均的普遍要求。平等始终就是针对某种东西的要求的比较与衡量的尺度,而并非绝对的独立自存的标准,也不是独立自存的价值。平等作为一种价值和主张是依赖于构成正义社会基本结构的独立因素———自由或权利而存在的。