论民法典中的合同的解除与合同终止

在大陆法系民法典中,合同的解除与终止是两种不同的制度。合同解除制度的基本规则是针对合同解除权的发生和行使而设计,合同终止规则是围绕终止权的发生和行使而制定,两者在立法精神、法律后果方面截然不同。大陆法系关于合同解除与合同终止制度的设计有两种模式。我国民法典应当借鉴合同解除与终止的区分规则,重新界定我国合同解除和合同终止,建立合同终止制度。     

《水浒》公案故事对建设和谐社会的启示

明代的著名小说评点家叶昼说:“此《水浒传》之所以与天地相终始也与?”[1](P27)而另一位著名的评点家金圣叹则说他所读的书中,“无晨无夜不在怀抱[”2](P8)的书便是《水浒传》。他们所说的话表明了《水浒传》是部不朽的著作,是部为人们所喜爱的著作,正因为喜爱,所以才不朽。当     

论保险受益权的得丧变更

受益权是保险合同的核心问题之一,而如何对其取得、变更与丧失进行合理的立法设计直接关系着受益人切身利益的实现。文章从受益权的性质着手,指出由于在实质上,受益人所取得受益权并非基于其自身的意思表示,在程序上,又缺乏相应的要件,这就决定了受益权的得丧变更不同与一般的债权请求权,进而对保险受益权特殊的取得、变更与丧失问题进行了具体的阐述。     

魏晋南朝刑律中的妇女地位——兼谈魏晋南朝刑律的轻省化

魏晋南朝时期由于家族伦理与孝治思想的发展、妇女地位的提高以及人口与社会发展的需要 ,为妇女免坐创造了适宜的社会条件 ,使法律的轻省化成为魏晋南朝时期刑律发展的必然趋势 ,这也使妇女的法律地位在魏晋南朝时期有了一定程度的提高。     

Negotiating the limits of upbringing,education, and racial hygiene in Nazi Germany as exemplified in the study and treatment of Sinti and Roma

Abstract

Like other minorities, Sinti and Roma were victims of racial persecution by the Nazis. For this group in particular, the Racial-Hygienic and Heredity Research Centre in the Reich Health Office became a central institution in the Nazi system of extermination. Eva Justin, a reseacher at the Centre, published her doctoral dissertation while working there. The dissertation discusses the possibility of ‘educating’ Sinti and Roma and of making them useful to the German Volksgemeinschaft (‘community of the people’). In this article, I examine Justin’s notions of a subject’s capacity to be brought up and educated and how these notions can be understood in the context of antiziganism, racial hygiene, and National Socialism. In particular, I elucidate her notions of a subject’s capacity to be brought up and educated and the attributes and interpretative framework with which she contrued Sinti and Roma as ‘objects of upbringing and education’.     

The displaced and dispossessed of Darfur: explaining the sources of a continuing state-led genocide

The millions of survivors who fled from attacks to Sudanese-controlled displacement camps and the refugee camps in Chad are the living ghosts of the Darfur genocide. The 1948 Genocide Convention incorporates extermination by mass killing and elimination through forced migration as two distinct elements of genocide. Genocide scholars and public discourse emphasize extermination by killing, but they give far less explanatory attention to the elimination processes that the Genocide Convention describes as 'deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction'. (Article II United Nations 1948.) In Darfur, understanding the latter processes requires theoretical attention to the history of food, water, and famine and detailed methodological attention to temporal processes of displacement. We demonstrate how intentional state-led attacks on food and water massively dislodged Black Africans in Darfur from February 2003 to August 2004. The political leadership of the Sudanese state dehumanized and forcibly displaced Black Africans from their homes in Darfur to camps where they largely remain, not only through mass killings and rapes, but also by destroying life-sustaining access to food and water, leading to the genocidal elimination of group life in this region.