Life Experiences and Vulnerabilities of Homeless Women: A Comparison of Women Unaccompanied Versus Accompanied by Minor Children, and Correlates with Children's Emotional Distress

The histories and service needs of 2 groups of homeless women, those unaccompanied by minor children (n = 46) and those accompanied by minor children (n = 22), were compared, on the basis of their responses to a biennial survey of homeless people in a midsize city in the southeast United States. Mothers of children aged 2–10 also completed a measure of stress symptoms for their children (n = 20). Irrespective of family status group, problems such as substance abuse, history of mental illness, health problems, chronicity of homelessness, and crime victimization tended to cluster together. The findings also suggest that declining and/or inadequate levels of public benefits, Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, and Medicaid-funded health care in particular, have adversely affected the 2 groups, particularly families with children. The young children in this sample experienced elevated levels of stress, and significant associations were found between children's stress levels and certain risk factors of their mothers. Implications for service delivery are discussed.     

'Polyphonic' welfare: Luhmann's systems theory applied to modern social work

This article applies a series of concepts from Niklas Luhmann's systems theory in an analysis of modern welfare organisations. The point of departure is that social help in late modern welfare states has become 'polycentric' in that 'help' is today being defined by various different agents: public, voluntary and private care providers. Empirically, this article investigates re-housing work with homeless people, a kind of social work which involves several different welfare organisations. The case study shows how these organisations define themselves by making internal constructions of their surroundings, and how their self-enclosed nature creates a certain 'insensitivity' towards one another. How to coordinate and translate within this 'polyphony' of incomparable observations and values represents a major managerial challenge for present-day social workers.     

论知识经济下复合型外语人才的培养

面对知识经济的挑战,复合型外语人才备受青睐。英语教学必须适应知识经济的新要求,改革现行的考试制度;转变思想观念,更新教育理念;因地制宜,调整课程设置,增设新的教学内容;加强英语教师的培训;制定新的人才培养模式,真抓实干地促进宽口径外语人才的全面发展。     

中国劳动力参与率方面存在的问题

目前我国劳动力参与率方面仍存在的许多问题,如劳动力参与率水平总体较高,其中的女性人口劳动力参与率、青年人口劳动力参与率和老年人口劳动力参与率均尤为高。针对这种情况,可考虑通过大力发展教育事业,提高法定劳动年龄界限来解决。     

构建我国法务会计人才培养模式

随着我国市场经济的快速发展，经济纠纷、经济案件中所涉及的财务会计问题越来越多，迫切需要法务会计人员从会计和法律的专业角度进行调查、取证和鉴定，为法庭提供专家意见。但我国法务会计理论研究滞后、从业人员素质不高、法务会计人才严重匮乏，远远不能满足日益增长的法务会计需求。由于法务会计与财务会计有较大区别，因此，我国应加强法务会计建设，强化法务会计理论研究，并针对我国法务会计的现状，构建学历教育、在职教育和社会教育三位一体的法务会计人才培养模式，以培养具有中国特色的、多层次的、复合型法务会计人才。     

先买权基础理论之探究

先买权可以分为法定先买权与意定先买权、物权性先买权与债法上的先买权。债法上的先买权是一种形成权，不具有对抗第三人的效力；物权性先买权则是一种物权取得权，具有对抗第三人的效力。我国民事立法中规定的先买权应解释为债法上的先买权，不具有对抗第三人的效力。     

新中国成立初党外上层知识分子检讨行为的心理基础

从1949年2月北平解放到1950年下半年，全国开展了以大学教师为主要对象，兼及中小学教师的政治学习运动，继而，党外上层知识分子们纷纷在媒体上发表个人检讨。笔者认为，这种群体性的行为，主要是因为知识分子有着敬佩感激、愧疚自责、从众求安的心理基础。     

Inclusion of persons with disabilities in mainstream employment: is it really all about the money? A case study of four large companies in Norway and Sweden

This study investigates how large companies respond to public policy measures to ensure the inclusion of persons with disabilities in mainstream employment based on a case study of four companies in Norway and Sweden. The qualitative interviews, which were conducted with company managers, government representatives in Norway, and non-governmental organisations in Sweden, revealed three overarching themes: (1) ‘legitimacy’, (2) ‘financial interests’ and (3) ‘non-financial support’. The results indicate a more proactive response from the Swedish companies, especially regarding persons with intellectual and learning difficulties. The Norwegian companies reveal a high commitment to their own employees. These findings cannot be explained solely using neo-institutional theory, which holds that organisations demonstrate ‘conformity with powerful institutional myths to strengthen support and secure survival'. The results indicate that inclusive targeted corporate policies and programmes, advisory support, and the agency and value choices of the management might matter more.     

The unemployment of women with physical disabilities in Ghana: issues and recommendations

Unemployment among persons with disabilities is high. The situation is worse for women with disabilities as they experience multiple disadvantages on account of gender and disability. The condition for women with disabilities in Ghana could be more complicated, given the intersection of disability, gender, poverty, cultural beliefs and practices. As employment provides not only income for women with disabilities but opportunities for social participation and increases psychological well-being as well as self-esteem, it is imperative to remove barriers that hinder their employment. The current study examines issues associted with the unemployment of women with physical disabilities in Tamale, Ghana, and makes recommendations to policy-makers and practitioners in order to improve the condition of persons with disabilities in general, and particularly women with disabilities.     

浅谈民族地区人才培养和使用

人才的成长和人才作用的发挥 ,其作用不仅需要个人的努力 ,而且需要一定的物质条件 ,更需要一种能激励人才成长和发展的社会文化氛围。为此 ,必须改变传统的人才观念 ,坚持任人唯贤的原则 ,改革一切不合理的规章制度 ,建立积极、公开、平等、有效的人才竞争机制 ,使人才个性和才能都得到充分的发展和施展。