奴役还是监禁：监狱矫正功能质疑——兼论刑罚的执行

随着刑罚观的改变,作为刑罚执行重要场域的监狱,其功能也在逐步转变,矫正成为现代监狱的核心功能。然而,矫正功能具有正反两方面的内容,必须加以区分。体制化后的监狱并不能真正有效的发挥矫正功能。文章从美国电影《肖申克的救赎》所反映的问题出发,分析了矫正功能的发挥必须具备的前提条件,以及应当注意的问题。同时,对我国监狱改革进行了反思。     

The sociological landscape of youth confinement

This article examines key sociological questions that are raised by the confinement of children and young people. Globally, there are approximately one million children held in confinement, and there is an emerging body of qualitative sociological research in this area. This article examines the role that social constructions of childhood innocence and evil play in shaping the processes of protection and removal, and how these constructions play a role in mediating state strategies of punishment and rehabilitation. The article also draws from an emerging body of qualitative sociological research to examine the role of youth confinement institutions in socializing vulnerable young people.     

论西夏的司法制度

西夏的行政、军事机关,一般都兼有案件审判和督察复核职责。司法诉讼主要为刑事诉讼,即使民事案件,也是用刑事判断。对人犯的逮捕只需长官的指令,而不履行法律手续。法律上只有对逮捕人的督察,防其奸伪、贪纵、暴掠以及无故杀伤人犯,人犯拒捕反抗格杀勿论。     

Imprisonment and (inequality in) population health

This article extends research on the consequences of mass imprisonment and the factors shaping population health and health inequalities by considering the associations between imprisonment and population health—measured as life expectancy at birth and the infant mortality rate—and black-white differences in population health using state-level panel data from the United States (N = 669), 1980-2004. Results show that imprisonment is significantly associated with poorer population health, though associations between imprisonment and infant mortality and female life expectancy are somewhat more consistently statistically significant than are associations with male life expectancy, and associations are more pronounced and statistically significant for blacks than they are for whites. Results also show, however, that increases in imprisonment are associated with decreases in the mortality rates of young black men. Thus, though imprisonment tends to be associated with higher mortality risk and greater black-white differences in mortality, it may, in the short-run, have some paradoxical mortality benefits for young black men.     

对女性的暴力美学--论英国古典哥特小说的女性监禁叙述模式

英国古典哥特小说中包含了大量与女性监禁相关的叙述序列,对监禁的叙述构成了哥特式小说的基本叙述模式。监禁叙述,从权力的角度来看,表现的是父权社会世俗权力与宗教权力通过对女性身体的监禁来实现对女性的规训权力机制。同时,从阅读的角度来看,女性监禁叙述可以解读为女性个体死亡经验的体验,而对女性监禁叙述文本的阅读行为又是父权社会实现以规训女性为目的的示众效应的有效手段。通过这样权力机制以及相对应的体验解读和阅读机制的运作,英国古典哥特小说最终构建的是古典时期以父权文化为基础与对女性权力规训为特征的暴力美学。     

论对未成年人犯罪适用无期徒刑

阐述了对未成年人犯罪可以适用无期徒刑的观点;提出了对未成年人犯罪适用无期徒刑应当加以严格限制的司法理念,其主要根据是:无期徒刑的严厉性和不经济性、未成年人犯罪主体的身心特点以及顺应保护未成年人权利的国际规范的必然要求,决定了对未成年人犯罪应尽量少用无期徒刑;进一步分析了对未成年人犯罪严格限制适用无期徒刑的司法途径是:首先要严格控制对未成年人犯罪适用无期徒刑的罪质范围,再在此基础上进一步要求对未成年人犯罪适用无期徒刑的罪量达到最高程度.     

和谐社会构建中未成年人犯罪预防机制探析

现阶段．我国未成年人犯罪预防机制存在矫正措施单一、监禁刑的适用比例过高、立法粗疏而不细致的缺失。形成建立在青少年身心特征基础上的完整的法律体系、扩大非监禁刑的适用比例、设立未成年人犯罪前科消灭制度、建立未成年人司法、执法一体化制度势在必行。     

苏武牧羊北海故地考

依据地理、人文等多项资料,考订匈奴囚禁苏武的北海应为甘肃省民勤县境内的白亭海.民勤位于源出祁连山的石羊河尾闾,古时积水成巨浸,名白亭海,或简称白海.北海或为白海之误.当时匈奴政治中心统万城,位于现在陕西省靖边县境内.苏武囚禁地应适当偏离政治中心又不过于隔绝,才便于发挥政治筹码的作用.白亭海去统万城大约4日马程.而去贝加尔湖快马也要10天以上.霍去病率大军讨伐匈奴大获全胜,夺取了祁连山和焉支山地带,匈奴受重创.但此役只"断匈奴右臂",并未使匈奴遁迹河西,地处祁连山以北100多公里的白亭海仍为匈奴所盘踞,并囚禁苏武于此.     

An Update of the Literature on Personal and Marital Adjustment

No abstract available for this article.     

INSIDE–OUT: RESOCIALISATION FROM PRISON AS A BIOGRAPHICAL PROCESS. A LONGITUDINAL APPROACH TO THE PSYCHODYNAMICS OF IMPRISONMENT1

The social and economic regeneration of inner-city housing estates has been a common feature of successive UK government policies for a number of years. However, their focus has primarily been on the physical regeneration of communities to the exclusion of individuals' emotional and personal problems. Community-based counselling projects are still a rarity in regeneration projects. This article describes the establishment and subsequent history of a counselling project based on an inner-city housing estate in East London, which was undergoing extensive regeneration. It discusses how the service originated from the ongoing work of a participatory action research project and how it challenged stereotypical images of counselling. It demonstrated that free, accessible and locally based counselling services are needed in the regeneration of communities; that extensive planning is necessary both within the organisation and in relation to funding before the project begins; and that on-going core funding is essential to sustaining such innovative and much-needed projects.