What does wellbeing do? An approach to defamiliarize keywords in youth studies

Wellbeing has become a keyword in youth and social policy, a construct deployed as a measure of a good life. Often associated with physical and mental health, wellbeing encompasses numerous indicators, from subjective experiences of happiness and satisfaction to markers of economic prosperity and basic human needs of security. This article examines wellbeing as an organizing concept in discourses on young people and argues for defamiliarizing its truth claims and cultural authority by investigating what wellbeing does. We begin by examining the rise of wellbeing, drawing attention to its conceptual muddiness and ambiguity. Framed by the Foucauldian notion of problematization, the analysis proceeds along two routes: first, through an historical consideration of wellbeing as a relational concept with antecedents, focusing on ‘self-esteem’; and second, through a reading of wellbeing in contemporary educational policy. Informed by Somers' historical sociology of concept formation and Bacchi's critical policy analysis, we illuminate the mixed dimensions of wellbeing's reach, placing it within longer traditions of youth studies and psy-knowledges and showing its transformative promise as well as its individualizing effects. In doing so, we elaborate a methodological approach that can be adapted to examine other keywords in youth studies and social policy discourse.     

支持多关键字的P2P搜索研究

传统的P2P系统是基于单特征词搜索的，且不支持语义，存在一定的局限性。提出了可变长数组模型，解决了P2P系统中多特征词搜索的问题；标识符空间的分割，使相同领域的文档在邻近的节点聚集，提高了搜索速度；本体技术的应用，使P2P系统能够理解搜索请求，有利于查全率的提高。     

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Personality: Assessing Knowledge Profiling and the Work Preference Inventory in a Thai Population

Abstract

Personality trait theories are often used to identify particular personality or behavioural characteristics of potential employees by human resource management departments. However, this can be enhanced by understanding how motivation plays a role in personality, and particularly within the context of knowledge-based personality processes. The paper draws on knowledge management theory called Knowledge Profiling (KP) in which a theoretical construct has been developed representing personality through a set of three traits and their polar values. This model has previously been linked to the trait theory of personality called Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). This research adopts KP, develops its linkage with MBTI, and elaborates on its connection with motivation. The resulting model, referred to as Knowledge Profiling Motivational (KPM) model, is developed by connecting it with the Work Preference Inventory (WPI), which assesses individual differences in Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivational orientations. Analysis indicates that KPM is an improvement on the KP model in representing personality. Moreover, the research suggests that personality traits are not limited to a bipolar relationship but that there are relationships between traits as well.     

Known-unknowns: Matthew Arnold,F. R. Leavis,and the government of culture

This essay reflects on the lives of two people whose publications, pedagogy, lectures, and crucially, whose experiences helped set the terms of the debate about so-called high culture in Cultural Studies: Matthew Arnold (1822–1888) and Frank Raymond (F. R.) Leavis (1895–1978). Who was Matthew Arnold? F. R. Leavis? What were the conditions of possibility of their work and words – that is, for the practices and positions for which they advocated? What new questions might emerge by sharing in detailed and perhaps unexpected stories of individuals who, presently, seem to function in Cultural Studies mainly as known-unknowns? The argument is that the details of both Arnold and Leavis’ lives are integral to understanding the conditions of possibility of their work, both individually and collectively, and indeed to more fully appreciating the meaning and implications their work holds for Cultural Studies. Apropos, this piece refines the methodology of keywords introduced by Raymond Williams [1958. Culture and society, 1780–1950. New York, NY: Columbia University Press; 1983.     

中国传统文化在英语国家的影响力差异研究——基于GloWbE语料库的中国传统文化关键词视角

通过语料库和文化关键词相结合的方法,对中国传统文化关键词在不同英语方言区的使用分布情况进行检索,研究中国传统文化在英语国家的影响力差异。发现中国传统文化对不同英语方言区国家的影响力表现出很大的地域差异;不同英语方言区的国民对中国传统文化的认同度和接受度差异很大。这些发现与对中国传统文化关键词进行语料库检索之前的预期有差异。     

中国传统文化在英语国家的影响力差异研究——基于GloWbE语料库的中国传统文化关键词视角

通过语料库和文化关键词相结合的方法,对中国传统文化关键词在不同英语方言区的使用分布情况进行检索,研究中国传统文化在英语国家的影响力差异?发现中国传统文化对不同英语方言区国家的影响力表现出很大的地域差异;不同英语方言区的国民对中国传统文化的认同度和接受度差异很大?这些发现与对中国传统文化关键词进行语料库检索之前的预期有差异?     

濡化否？ 涵化否？——《跨文化传播学关键术语解读》介评

跨文化传播学研究在中国取得了可喜的成绩,陈国明先生与安然博士合著的《跨文化传播学关键术语解读》便是该学科发展的硕果之一。该作品围绕跨文化传播学的关键术语展开,分为基本术语和关键理论上下两编,并具有术语选择突出精要性、术语解释力求丰满透彻、术语溯源力求追根究底、词条编写符合国际词典编撰理念、凸显工具书的特征。该作品不仅对于理解跨文化传播学中术语的基本含义和把握相关理论范畴帮助甚大,对于该学科里的术语翻译与规范更有着里程碑式的意义。然而,该作品中的个别术语的翻译与当下翻译不甚一致,令人深思。     

新入职教师教学专业化发展的十一个 “关键词”

教师与教学从来就是一对紧密联系的范畴,教师是教学最主要的承载主体,而教学则是教师最重要和最基本的工作内容与方式。教师与教学之间的关系决定了教师的专业化成长首先表现在教学的专业化发展上。作为一名新入职的教师更是要高度重视教学工作,切实提高自身的教学意识、能力和水平。文中提出的十一个方面的要求有助于新入职教师教学专业化的发展。     

考虑广告主投资竞争的关键词拍卖研究

关键词拍卖是搜索引擎盈利手段之一，同时给广告主带来高额回报。在搜索引擎注重质量权重的拍卖规则的推动下和广告主自身利益的驱使下，广告主通过投资来提高自身表现水平，赢得更好排位增加点击量。引入广告主投资，并用连续可变的努力水平来表征参与竞价的广告主投资过程中所付出的各种要素和资源投入，考虑投资和竞价两阶段模型，分析高低两类广告主的努力水平决策及均衡竞价策略。研究表明当满足初始投入最低努力水平时的边际成本大于边际收益的条件时，决定低类型广告主类型转换的估价阈值存在且唯一，并且在情形一中，潜力广告主的最优努力水平总是大于高类型广告主，在情形二中，随着估价的增大，两类广告主的最优努力水平趋于一致；同时，搜索引擎拍卖规则会影响广告主投资过程中最优努力水平的决策：搜索引擎给低类型广告主的质量权重越大，转换类型的估价阈值就越高，且潜力广告主取内点解时的最优努力水平和高类型广告主的最优努力水平均随之减少。最后，通过数值算例分析了两类广告主最优努力水平以及拍卖规则对广告主努力水平的影响。     

"搜索引擎竞价排名"的法律规制

互联网搜索引擎的使用已经越来越多,而基于此产生的竞价排名刚刚起步。首先分析了竞价排名的法律性质和发展现状;对部分网络运营企业采取恶意点击、恶意屏蔽、滥用市场地位等手段追逐高额利润的现象进行分析;在没有相应的法律对其规制的前提下,提出了加强运营商自身监管、提高技术手段规避风险,尽快完善法律等建议,以期待竞价排名的健康发展。