浅论缩短反馈时间在中学英语写作教学中的作用

本文通过调查一所普通中学学生对教师英语作文反馈时间的偏好并进行实验研究,利用统计学的描述性统计,独立/相关样本T检验分析方法,作者发现缩短反馈时间确实能够提高学生的英语写作水平,并结合其对教学的启示进行了讨论。     

当前影响和制约中国电子商务进一步发展的几个问题

当前，影响和制约中国电子商务进一步发展的主要问题集中表现在“信用缺失”问题上，它导致人们对网上交易仍心存疑虑，物流配送滞后，商品流通不畅，企业计算机应用水平不高，高水平网络人才匮乏，与电子商务相关的法规体制不够健全。为此，中国电子商务必须建立诚信长效机制，加快物流配送体系建设，构筑有效的社会物流配送系统．加快推广电子商务知识，强化电子商务人才培养，健全与国际接轨的电子商务法律体系。     

附加价值链与企业长程发展

企业附加价值链表征企业文化的浓缩 ,是企业发展的生命线。企业附加价值链清晰、完备与否 ,是剖析企业存在、发展的根本之所在 ,也是考查、评价企业现状的基本依据。     

议股权投资差额会计核算

现行会计制度中采用权益法核算长期股权投资时,投资支付的价款高于或低于应享有份额而产生的差额采用的会计处理方法不尽合理,笔者提出自己的建议。     

杨嗣昌旅游理论述论

杨嗣昌的旅游理论是比较系统的 ,它主要包括以下四个方面 :旅游资源的配置理论、风景名胜的评价理论、旅游观赏的审美理论、民俗旅游的开发理论。他同王思任、袁宏道、袁中道等人一起 ,代表了晚明时期我国古代旅游理论发展的一个新的阶段。     

Professional Perspectives on Decision Making about the Long-term Care of Older People

With the increasing pressure on social and health care resources,professionals have to be more explicit in their decision makingregarding the long-term care of older people. This groundedtheory study used 19 focus groups and nine semi-structured interviews(99 staff in total) to explore professional perspectives onthis decision making. Focus group participants and intervieweescomprised care managers, social workers, consultant geriatricians,general medical practitioners, community nurses, home care managers,occupational therapists and hospital discharge support staff.The emerging themes spanned context, clients, families and services.Decisions were often prompted by a crisis, hindering professionalsseeking to make a measured assessment. Fear of burglary andassault, and the willingness and availability of family to helpwere major factors in decisions about living at home. Serviceavailability in terms of public funding for community care,the availability of home care workers and workload pressureson primary care services influenced decision ‘thresholds’regarding admission to institutional care. Assessment toolsdesigned to assist decision making about the long-term careof older people need to take into account the critical aspectsof individual fears and motivation, family support and the availabilityof publicly funded services as well as functional and medicalneeds.     

Institutional Ethnography and Experience as Data

Experience, as concept, is contested among feminists as to its epistemological status, thus its usefulness in knowledge claims. Institutional ethnography (Smith 1987) is a feminist methodology that nonetheless relies fundamentally on people's experience. Not as Truth, nor the object of inquiry, but as thepoint d'appui for sociological inquiry. This article offers a demonstration of institutional enthnography using observational and interview data that show experience as methodologically central to a trustworthy analysis. A moment in the work lives of nursing assistants in a long-term care setting is captured by a participant observer. The analysis produces two lines of argument. One is methodological; it is argued that nursing assistants' experiences are an entry into the social relations of the setting that, when mapped and disclosed, make those experiences understandable in terms of the ruling arrangements permeating both the organization and their own experiences. The other argument is substantive; the inquiry uncovers how a quality improvement' strategy in a long term care hospital in Canada is reorganizing caregivers' values and practices toward a market orientation in which care appears to be compromised. Use of experience as data in this approach holds the analysis accountable to everyday/everynight actualities in a lived world.     

基于模糊规划的QFD 系统参数确定方法

针对QFD 系统的内在模糊性,运用带有对称三角形模糊系数的模糊规划理论,提出了一 种确定QFD 系统参数的方法. 并通过工程特性目标值的规范化,定义产品开发总成本函数、工 程特性改进成本函数及改进成本系数等概念,建立了一个QFD 规划模型. 仿真结果表明,该模 型能够帮助开发人员在不确定的、模糊条件下有效确定关联函数及自相关函数,优化顾客需求 的满意水平,确定工程特性目标值,使新开发/ 改进的产品顾客满意度赶上或超过目标市场上 的竞争企业,并满足开发预算约束.     

使用词汇化句干对二语语用能力的影响

大多数语言中均普遍存在相当数量的词汇化句干,此类语言信息块的使用能够缩短使用者话语输出的编码时间,提高理解语言输入的解码效率。故此,二语学习者需要增强对目标语语块信息的注意力,将之内化进而提高二语语用能力。词汇化句干对中介语发展的实证研究表明,词汇化句干的使用将促进中介语的发展。