‘There Oughtta Be a Law Against Bitches’: Masculinity Lessons in Police Academy Training

This article draws on participant observation in a law enforcement academy to demonstrate how a hidden curriculum encourages aspects of hegemonic masculinity among recruits. Academy training teaches female and male recruits that masculinity is an essential requirement for the practice of policing and that women do not belong. By watching and learning from instructors and each other, male students developed a form of masculinity that (1) excluded women students and exaggerated differences between them and men; and (2) denigrated women in general. Thus, the masculinity that is characteristic of police forces and is partly responsible for women’s low representation on them is not produced exclusively on the job, but is taught in police academies as a subtext of professional socialization.     

论文学理论中命名的意义和合法性

命名是文学理论阐释过程的一个重要环节,也是文学理论工作者必须正确认识和认真把握的一项内容。命名不仅要具有认知功能,还要具有价值功能,并在此基础上寻求自身的合法性。     

公安文学中的扁形人物和圆形人物

公安文学中的人物形象由扁平人物过渡到中间人物,由中闻人物过渡到圆形人物,满足了不同读者的审美需求, 这是公安文学兴盛的标志,代表先进文化的前进方向。     

从柏拉图到卢梭：早期的政治合法性思想初探

从古希腊到近代资产阶级启蒙运动可以看作是政治合法性思想的产生阶段.政治思想家们从不同角度和侧面阐发了政治合法性理论:柏拉图"正义"论、阿奎那"神授"论、霍布斯"主权"论、洛克"契约"论和卢梭"公意"论等.这些合法性理论有相同的基本的主线,这就是社会秩序是如何可能的、如何看待社会与个体的关系、如何处理国家与社会的关系.     

论李二曲对儒学正统的辩护

明末清初著名思想家李二曲分别从体和用、工夫和本体角度,明确了正统儒学的内涵和外延.他回顾了异端的历史演变,并着重批判了儒学中的异端表现.这对于我们今天阐释儒学的真正精神仍有重要的启发价值.     

论我国民法通则中民事行为制度的完善——兼论民法典民事行为制度的构建

我国<民法通则>将民事法律行为界定为合法行为是理论上的一个失误,它导致了民法学理论的冲突和认识的混乱,同时通则对无效民事行为的范围规定过于宽泛,有失妥当,应予修正.民法典应当在总则中设立法律行为制度.     

错位的新诗评价标准--对新诗合法性的文化反思

在诗歌一元论理论前提下,中国新诗的评价标准一直没有得到认真的清理。中国新诗为表现现代生活的"新原质",进行了一系列"非诗化"的探索,从而获得诗歌现代性品格,因此,以古典诗歌的意境理论作为新诗评价标准是错位的。对新诗合法性理论的文化反思,是确立新诗评价标准的前提和基础。     

Confession Governance and Verdicts in China’s Criminal Justice

The objective phenomenon of reliance on confessions is the source of many problems in the practice of criminal justice in China. Although successive amendments to the law have endeavored to improve the handling of confessions, they have been unable to resolve the dilemma of a rigid management mode, incompatible management strategies, and conflicting attitudes towards management. This paper has made a multi-dimensional reinterpretation of it from the judges’ perspective, including functional analysis, cultural interpretation and immediate considerations. It reveals that behind its functions of offering moral comfort or allowing evasion of responsibility, confession, as a medium of physical and intellectual management, has the more important function of supplementing and improving the legitimacy of criminal verdicts. The remolding of the legitimacy of criminal verdicts with the coordinated improvement of the management of confessions will change the mode of association between those who currently govern confession and those they govern and will clash with the current closed mode of criminal justice management, thereby promoting a transformation in the governance of criminal justice.     

Procedural (in)justice,emotions, and compliance

The procedural justice model has become widely recognized as a key crime prevention and reduction strategy, spurring its adoption across police agencies throughout the United States in an effort to address mounting concerns regarding police use of force. Recent critiques, however, have called attention to the need for greater examination of potential contributing factors that are underdeveloped in investigations of the procedural justice model, including the role of emotions. This article takes stock of interdisciplinary advancements to critically examine scholarly investigations exploring associations between procedural (in)justice, emotions, and compliance behaviors within the context of police-citizen interactions. In doing so, continued gaps are identified. Lastly, this article concludes by identifying future pathways and recommendations for the scholarly advancement of our understanding of emotions and their continued relevance to the procedural justice model.     

The Rules of (Dis)engagement: Black Youth and Their Strategies for Navigating Police Contact

Prior work on youth–police relations examines young people's general perceptions of the police, their differential treatment by police officers, and officers' discretion in dealing with youth. Yet researchers have largely neglected the question of how young people attempt to shape these encounters. I address this critical gap, while also incorporating the experiences of “on track” youth and young women—two groups that are not exempt from police contact but traditionally ignored in the youth–police literature. Drawing on semistructured group and individual interviews with 19 black young people in New York City, I investigate the strategies they employ or subscribe to in navigating police contact. Three types of strategies emerged from my analysis: avoidance, management, and symbolic resistance. Avoidance strategies are marked by young people's attempts to preemptively steer clear of officers on the street. Management strategies are employed by young people during police encounters to limit risk or harm, while symbolic resistance is a subtle tactic used by some youth to preserve their dignity in these interactions. This study also considers the gender differences in respondents' approaches and offers new insights into how they assess their police interactions in an era of highly publicized incidents of police brutality.