‘The Tortoise under the couch’: an African woman’s reflections on negotiating insider- outsider positionalities and issues of serendipity on conducting a qualitative research project in Cape Town,South Africa§

Issues of positionality of Black African researchers researching African issues is seldom discussed in methodological literature. In this article, I reflect from an African perspective on issues of insider/outsider positionalities and of serendipity and unexpectedness during my fieldwork which are areas often dominated by writing from the global north and by writers and researchers who do not identify as African people of color and hope that my article will contribute to fill this gap. I share my background, identity, gender and age, and how these might have influenced my approach and interpretation during the process. My qualitative study explored perspectives and subjective experiences of Xhosa speaking adults with epilepsy and their carers in an urban Black township in Cape Town, South Africa. I conclude with the tortoise metaphor to show the cultural relevance thereof, the importance of curiosity and of embracing events of unexpectedness in fieldwork.     

Women of the corporation: A sociolinguistic perspective of senior women's leadership language in the U.K.

This paper reconceptualises a classic theory (Kanter 1993[1977]) on gender and leadership in order to provide fresh insights for both sociolinguistic and management thinking. Kanter claimed that there are four approved ‘role traps’ for women leaders in male‐dominated organisations: Mother, Pet, Seductress and Iron Maiden, based on familiar historical archetypes of women in power. This paper reinterprets Kanter's construct of role traps in sociolinguistic terms as gendered, discursive resources that senior women utilise proactively to interact with their predominantly male colleagues. Based on a Research Council funded ¹ study of 14 senior leaders (seven female and seven male) each conducting at least one senior management meeting in the U.K., the paper finds that individual speakers can transform stereotyped subject positions into powerful discursive resources to accomplish the goals of leadership, albeit marked by gender.     

超级网络平台限制交易行为的反垄断规制

从“3Q大战”“3百大战”到天猫京东“二选一”事件,超级网络平台实施限制交易行为的现象越演越烈,也成为当前互联网领域的反垄断难题。我国反垄断法律法规在对网络空间的相关市场及市场支配地位的认定上存在适用困境,超级网络平台滥用市场支配地位的行为无法被认定且无法有效规制的现象长期存在。为规范超级网络平台的经营行为,应当调整《反垄断法》关于相关市场与市场支配地位的认定规则,将反垄断案件纳入公益诉讼范围,采取国家诉讼和私人诉讼并行的双重诉讼机制,减轻原告举证责任负担,同时将《反垄断法》与《电子商务法》衔接适用。     

中国高校是非营利组织

中国高校具有“传授知识、培养人才,开展科学研究、实施科技创新,应用知识、服务社会”三大功能,这些功能具有显著的公益性、非营利性和志愿者参与性特征。中国高校无论是在组织目标、组织管理(包括学术性管理、行政性管理和校董会),还是在经济管理诸方面都充分显示了其组织性、民间自治性和非营利性特征。《中华人民共和国教育法》和《中华人民共和国高等教育法》从高等学校的设立条件、任务、职能、办学自主权和经费分担体制等方面,进一步明确规定了我国高校的非营利性、公益性、组织性和民间自治性。由此得出结论,中国高等学校是非营利组织。     

人才招聘中信息不对称矫正技术的研究

由于信息不对称到处存在,往往会引起人才招聘中的逆向选择,甚而会造成整个招聘市场的瘫痪;克服信息不对称的“自动亮相法”“可信传递信号法”“堆积岗位对号入座法”等各类矫正技术,使招聘者不仅象伯乐能识“千里马”,而且还更胜一筹,让“千里马”自己跑出来自动显示“私人信息”。即使对“千里马”也要进行必要的考察,特别是有必要进行“组织文化”的认同,使他真正成为“组织的千里马”。     

身份等级制与多元价值观--德川身份等级制初探

日本德川时代阶级统治的支柱身分等级制,首开政治与经济二元分离的先河,将政治和经济领域分别交给统治者与被统治者,士农工商都有只属于自己的社会资源.德川幕府260多年的和平,经济文化的迅速发展,都与身分等级制下身分、职业、道德、多元价值与社会秩序的整合密不可分.最重要的意义还在于,从历史因果关系来看,身分等级制的基础--权力与财富分离,弱化了统治者自身,武士走上了自我消亡的不归路,农工商则得到了相对独立的发展.各得其所、多元追求的价值观念,大众在职业生活中形成的许多属于"现代化"的因素,预先为日本现代化的高速发展创造了条件.     

Overcoming the Glass Barriers: Reflection and Action in the ‘Women to the Top’ Programme

Numerous equality programmes have been launched with the aim of promoting a more gender equal work life, yet little substantial action has been reported. This article presents a study of the Women to the Top programme in Sweden, supported by the European Union (EU) and aimed at promoting more women into top management positions. The research suggests that large‐scale projects assembling such heterogeneous actors as industry representatives, politicians and scholars tend to generate further reflection and discussion rather than promoting adequate and highly needed action. Drawing upon Brunsson's distinction between action rationality and decision rationality, the relatively modest effects of large‐scale equality programmes are examined, not in terms of a lack of commitment or competence on the part of the participants but as a matter of the disjunction between reflection and action. Reconciling reflection and action, that is, emphasizing not only reflection on gender inequality but also privileging various forms of practical action (such as new policies, the appointment of female managers, restructuring gendered wage inequalities or new recruitment procedures), is therefore a top priority for policymakers desiring more substantial changes in the gendered outline of industry.     

“设官为民”的官民关系论

"设官为民"是中国传统政治思想视阈中最为典型的官民关系命题和官僚制度的基本原理。这一命题的基本思路是:从官僚产生的形上依据来说,上天爱民,设官代天牧民;从官僚权力的直接来源说,君不独治,设官佐君治民;从设官的社会根源说,民不自治,设官以治民;从君臣的政治责任角度说,君臣合道,设官为民事君;从君、臣、民的政治关系来说,忠君爱民,清正廉洁勤政有为是基本的官僚规范。对"设官为民"的官民关系进行总体分析和理论概括,将有助于我们全面认识中国古代统治思想的基本内涵和特征。     

从“就业与再就业”到“就业与创业”——经济结构调整过程中的就业促进与女性发展

城市经济结构调整过程不仅为女性就业和再就业带来压力，也为女性就业和创业提供了发展机遇。国家就业政策需要从消极的劳动力扶助转化为积极的劳动力市场促进。国家就业管理的工作模式需要从配置就业岗位的“就业与再就业”模式，转变为创造就业岗位的“就业与创业”的工作模式，并实现就业发展、女性发展和城市发展的良性循环。     

Consent as Resistance,Resistance as Consent: Re‐Reading Part‐Time Professionals’ Acceptance of Their Marginal Positions

The part‐time employee has traditionally occupied a marginal position in organizations. The recent increase in the numbers of part‐time professionals, however, has been seen as offering potential for the status of the part‐time employee to improve. Evidence to date suggests that this improvement has not taken place and that the part‐time professional is also marginalized. Interestingly, research suggests that part‐time professionals may not experience their subordinate positions as problematic, often believing that the drawbacks of reduced hours working are a legitimate consequence of their ‘choice’ to work part‐time. Such ‘choices’ are frequently attributed to part‐timers’ prioritization of non‐work activities. In this article, using a Foucauldian approach to identity, we argue that choices need to be understood as both situated in time and space and constituted through discourse. Using these ideas we provide a re‐reading of part‐timers’ consent to their marginalization, arguing that their responses to their positions at work can also be understood as resistance to some of the dominant norms of professionalism. We set out the conditions that might be implicated in translating subjective resistance into more material actions.