Ethical Numbers: Ethics Training in U.S. Graduate Statistics Programs, 2013–2014

As important members of research teams, statisticians bear an ethical responsibility to analyze, interpret, and report data honestly and objectively. One way of reinforcing ethical responsibilities is through required courses covering a variety of ethics-related topics at the graduate level. We assessed ethics requirements for graduate-level statistics training programs in the United States for the 2013–2014 academic year using the websites of 88 universities, examining 103 biostatistics programs, and 136 statistics degree programs. We categorized programs’ ethics training requirements as required or not required. Thirty-one (35.1%) universities required an ethics course for at least some degree students. Sixty-two (25.5%) degree programs required an ethics course for at least some students. The majority (77.4%) of required courses were worth 0 or 1 credit. Of the 177 programs without an ethics requirement, 19 (10.7%) listed an ethics elective. Although a single ethics course is insufficient for instilling an ethical approach to science, degree programs that model expectations through coursework point to the value of ethics in science. More training programs should prepare statisticians to consider the ethical dimensions of their work through required coursework. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

高校心理健康教育内容论略

根据社会形势对人才提出的新要求,结合大学生的身心特点和心理现状,高校的心理健康教育,应着力于心理健康知识、心理调适方法和心理疾病的防治等方面。     

创新精神和能力的培养是研究生教育的生命力所在

创新能力培养和提高是研究生教育的重中之重。让学生进入学术前沿 ,引导学生深入实际、发现问题并提出解决问题的方案 ,鼓励学生敢于向传统挑战 ,建立良好的师生关系 ,营造和谐的学习研究环境等是实现这个重中之重的关键     

日本都道府县防灾无线网的建设及借鉴

日本是世界上灾害管理通信系统建设领先的国家,相关经验对我国灾害管理通信系统的建设有着重要的借鉴意义。都道府县防灾无线网是日本灾害管理通信系统的重要组成部分,已具备了较为成熟的建设模式和应用经验。本文介绍了日本灾害管理通信系统的框架、都道府县防灾无线网的体系架构及其通信系统组成,选择了神奈川县、长野县和三重县作为典型案例,对这三个县的防灾无线网的建设和应用情况作了分析,并借鉴日本的经验,结合我国的实际,提出了五个方面的建设建议。     

Statistics for weighing benefits and harms in a proposed genetic substudy of a randomized cancer prevention trial

Summary.  When evaluating potential interventions for cancer prevention, it is necessary to compare benefits and harms. With new study designs, new statistical approaches may be needed to facilitate this comparison. A case in point arose in a proposed genetic substudy of a randomized trial of tamoxifen versus placebo in asymptomatic women who were at high risk for breast cancer. Although the randomized trial showed that tamoxifen substantially reduced the risk of breast cancer, the harms from tamoxifen were serious and some were life threaten-ing. In hopes of finding a subset of women with inherited risk genes who derive greater bene-fits from tamoxifen, we proposed a nested case–control study to test some trial subjects for various genes and new statistical methods to extrapolate benefits and harms to the general population. An important design question is whether or not the study should target common low penetrance genes. Our calculations show that useful results are only likely with rare high penetrance genes.     

为国家教育妇女：加纳的教育改革与性别问题

1986改革中,加纳政府根据结构调整方案(SAP)和2020计划,关注教育中存在性别的不平等现象,努力解决女生在科学、数学和技术课程(SMT)的学业成绩、入学率等问题,并建立女子教育联合会.问题的解决要依靠真正普及免费的义务教育以及将妇女教育延伸到职业和高等教育机构.     

刑罚适用根据的反思--析报应论与预防论

对传统的报应论和预防论做了一定深度的理性思辩和批判,试图追求正义与效益两大法律价值在刑罚适用中的最大体现.在正义与效益两者相矛盾的时候,当优先考虑正义这一法律题中应有之义.     

论当前的物欲型犯罪

当前的物欲型犯罪有其经济根源和直接原因 ,其动机、行为方式及侵害对象具有一些带规律性的特点 ;犯罪人在市场经济中的地位 ,决定了其犯罪动机和行为方式。尤其少部分身居高位、掌握实权的领导干部或国有企业负责人对个人财富、权力的不当追求 ,导致权钱交易、化公为私 ,造成国有财产的大量流失。这种犯罪不断发生的重要原因是 ,国有财产所有者虚位 ;应从源头上遏制此类犯罪的蔓延     

失范行为的调适之道——根治腐败的社会学思考

腐败是一种社会失范行为。它是权力缺乏制约、私欲恶性膨胀、权力资本化和新旧体制转换共同作用的结果。用社会学视角解决反腐治本问题 ,其思路是完善制度约束人 ,有效监督激励人 ,严法弘德规范人     

论洗钱罪的防治

洗钱罪是众多经济犯罪和有组织犯罪的派生物,具有对社会的危害性、过程的复杂性、方法手段的专业性、范围的国际性等特点。反洗钱是十分复杂的法治问题,涉及一个国家的社会、政治、经济等方面的内容。要加大反洗钱力度,就必须在防治上狠下功夫,从思想、立法、执法、金融防范、国际合作等领域采取措施,要标本兼治,才能构筑符合我国情况的反洗钱体系。