Demographic differences in response rates for PHQ9 in a university student population

Objective: To examine differences in complete response rates for depression screening questions based on demographic characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional study examining associations between demographic characteristics and completely responding depression-screening questions. Participants: “Healthy Minds Study” data, collected in a public University in February 2016, where 7,326 students participated. Results: women (AOR: 0.69; 95% CI =0.57–0.83) and gay/lesbian students (AOR: 0.24; 95% CI =0.10–0.60) had better complete response rates. Non-US (AOR: 1.46; 95% CI =1.03–2.07), black (AOR: 3.32; 95% CI =1.92–5.77), and Middle-Eastern students (AOR: 3.73; 95% CI =1.73–8.02) had lower complete response rates. Conclusions: Our study shows sex, gender, citizenship, and race categories have significant differences in complete response rates for the outcome. Our findings have several implications; including recognizing interventions for depression based on responders may not target those that tend to be “partial-responders”. Efforts in survey design, recruiting and completion of surveys should be maximized.     

普通高校英语专业学生自主学习能力调查

国内学者对大学生自主学习能力的探索取得了阶段性成果,但针对英语专业的实证性研究匮乏。本文通过问卷调查,从学习动机、学习策略和学习环境三个维度,研究英语为非重点专业的一所普通高校中英语专业学生的自主学习情况。通过SPSS数据分析得出学生在自主学习过程中存在的问题,并对在此环境下如何培养学生的自主学习能力提出针对性的建议。     

More than half of the men in a Swedish population of men aged 55, 65 and 75 believe in ‘a male climacteric’

Aim.?Symptoms of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) are often unspecific, and the existence of a male climacteric has been much debated. In this study, we investigate aging men's thoughts about, and beliefs, in a ‘male climacteric’.

Methods.?A questionnaire was developed including background demographic data, symptoms possibly related to LOH and questions about men's thoughts and beliefs in a ‘male climacteric’. All men, 55-, 65- and 75-years old, living in Linkoping, Sweden (n?=?1885) received the questionnaire.

Results.?One thousand three hundred fifty-six (72%) questionnaires were eligible for evaluation, 65.4% of the responders had heard of a ‘male climacteric’, and 42.2% believed it existed but only 3% had sought medical advice for these symptoms. More than half believed that a ‘male climacteric’ was related to decreased libido and less strong erections. Almost half of the men thought that decreased memory and/or dystymia and anxiousness were related to a male climacteric.

Conclusions.?The majority of men have heard of a male climacteric, but only a minority had consulted a practitioner about their symptoms. More information and knowledge are needed, for the general population to better motivate men to seek medical advice and also for the health care professionals to better deal with the symptoms of LOH.     

Intersubjectivity: Towards a Dialogical Analysis

Intersubjectivity refers to the variety of possible relations between perspectives. It is indispensable for understanding human social behaviour. While theoretical work on intersubjectivity is relatively sophisticated, methodological approaches to studying intersubjectivity lag behind. Most methodologies assume that individuals are the unit of analysis. In order to research intersubjectivity, however, methodologies are needed that take relationships as the unit of analysis. The first aim of this article is to review existing methodologies for studying intersubjectivity. Four methodological approaches are reviewed: comparative self-report, observing behaviour, analysing talk and ethnographic engagement. The second aim of the article is to introduce and contribute to the development of a dialogical method of analysis. The dialogical approach enables the study of intersubjectivity at different levels, as both implicit and explicit, and both within and between individuals and groups. The article concludes with suggestions for using the proposed method for researching intersubjectivity both within individuals and between individuals and groups.     

Enrolment in initial courses in statistics: An exploratory study

In January 1981 a questionnaire was sent to 102 universities and colleges in Canada and the United States seeking information on enrolment in initial courses in statistics. That questionnaire has been analyzed and the results are presented in this paper.     

Daily reports of distress: Not for women only

Abstract

A context-dependence paradigm was developed for research into effects of the menstrual cycle in women. This involved the investigation of situational effects on self-reported distress in both men and women. For 35 consecutive days, 25 women and 36 men working in two occupations that varied in degree of situational stress completed Body Awareness Questionnaires (modified menstrual distress questionnaires) and daily subjective stress ratings. After controlling for contraceptive use, age range, and percentage of body fat, the following variables were selected for a multiple regression analysis as predictors of distress: (a) job stress, (b) feminine values, (c) life stress, (d) subjective stress, (e) type of job, (f) sex, (g) job experience, and (h) history of menstrual distress. Women working in the high-stress job (military police) reported significantly more distress than all the other groups. Life stress was identified as the dominant predictor of distress. In a separate analysis of daily distress scores and menstrual cycle phases for all the women, there was no interaction between the type of job and the menstrual cycle phase on reports of distress. A similar analysis of the effects on sex and shift revealed shift effects in distress for men but not women. Sources of variability for both sexes (shift-work rotation and cycle phase) are discussed.     

兵团企业内部控制实施现状调查分析

该文通过问卷调查与企业实地调研的方法,调查兵团企业内部控制的建立健全情况,以及在实施过程中存在的阻力,在此基础上提出完善兵团企业内部控制的具体措施,以期为完善兵团企业内部控制制度提供指导和借鉴。     

哈尔滨市博物馆利用对策

以哈尔滨市博物馆为研究对象，以不同人群对博物馆的使用需求和行为特征为切入点，通过分析博物馆的区位交通、周边环境及馆内存在的问题，为城市博物馆的建设与管理等方面提出建议，使博物馆能够良性发展，更好地承担起普及知识、教育大众、传承文化的责任。     

基于农民意愿的青岛市新农村社区建设问题调查与分析

针对目前我国社会主义新农村建设实践出现脱离实际的现象,有必要从农民意愿的视角研究新农村社区的建设问题。通过问卷调查与实地访谈的方法,对新农村社区建设过程中农民的搬迁意愿、农民所担忧的问题、农民对新农村社区建设的诉求等进行调查与分析,发现从整体上看青岛市农村居民是支持新农村社区建设的,他们反映的一些问题和诉求也正是各级政府改进新农村社区建设工作的着力点。在调查分析的基础上对青岛市新农村社区建设问题提出对策建议。