Developmental Patterns in Marital Satisfaction: Another Look at Covenant Marriage

This study investigated differences in the trajectory of marital satisfaction in the first 7 years between couples in covenant versus standard marriages. The authors analyzed data on 707 Louisiana marriages from the Marriage Matters Panel Survey of Newlywed Couples, 1998–2004, using multivariate longitudinal growth modeling. When the sample was restricted to couples who remained married over the duration of the study, a marginal benefit of covenant status was found for husbands. This effect was largely accounted for by covenant husbands' more extensive exposure to premarital counseling. The linear decline in marital satisfaction over time that obtained for both husbands and wives was not, however, any different for covenant marriages versus standard marriages. Couples characterized by more traditional attitudes toward gender roles were significantly less satisfied than others. High premarital risk factors, initial uncertainty about marrying the spouse, and the presence of preschool‐age children in the household were all corrosive of marital satisfaction at any given time.     

近30年来的“儒学是否宗教”之争及其学术贡献

近30年来的“儒学是否宗教”之争,自任继愈提出“儒教是教”观点以来,先后经历了3个既相互区别又相互衔接的发展阶段,标志着我国儒学研究和宗教哲学研究开始跳出西方主义和民族主义的双重藩篱,逐步驶入了去政治化和去意识形态化、“面向事情本身”的学术正道。     

灵魂的渴望——论高特弗里德·本恩诗歌中的宗教性

德国著名表现主义诗人本恩(Gottfried Benn, 1886-1956)生于一个新教牧师家庭,却没有受父亲的影响走进基督教会,而是成了一名医生.虽是如此,在他一生发表的近五百首诗歌中,上帝与众神仍然是重要的主题.无论是在生命的哪个阶段,本恩对神、对上帝、对神性与信仰的思索都没有停止.根据荣格的心理学理论,人之所以会思考宗教问题,是因为人有灵魂.作为一个医生诗人,本恩虽然没有在解剖人体的时候发现灵魂,却在一首首诗歌里表现出对灵魂的认识以及灵魂对至高无上者的体验与渴求.     

Religiousness and Adolescent Behaviors

Abstract

This study examined the relative influence of religiousness on a sub-sample of adolescents (N = 1911) from a nationally representative sample of youth. Outcome measures included delinquency, substance abuse, physical health, mental health, and education. The study controlled for family processes and peer influences, as well as a variety of sociodemographic factors.

Parent religiosity and family processes, especially parental styles, are found to influence girls more so than boys, while exposure to peer influences affects both boys and girls on all outcome measures except delinquency. Findings highlight gender related similarities and differences that should be taken into account when providing interventions to adolescents and their families.     

The Impact of Religiousness,Spirituality, and Social Support on Psychological Well-Being Among Older Adults in Rural Areas

Summary

This paper presents the results of a study on the impact of spirituality, religiousness, and social support on the psychological well-being among rural elderly. With a rural community sample of 215 older adults, hierarchical regression analyses found significant associations between dimensions of spirituality/religiousness, social support, and psychological well-being, with spirituality/religiousness inversely related to depression and social support, positively related to life satisfaction. Findings of this study suggest that practitioners need to develop programs or services that are congruent with religious/spiritual beliefs and practices in order to better enhance the psychosocial well-being and improve the quality of life among older persons in rural areas.     

西美尔以“宗教性”为轴心的宗教观

西美尔立足于生命哲学的视野区分了宗教和宗教性:宗教指称一种外在的客观的教义和机构,是后天建构的结果;宗教性则指称一种内在的生命特征,是先天的灵魂品性。宗教性是宗教的核心,宗教是宗教性外化的结果,也是建构世界图景和规整生命内容的另一种整体性方式。在人和人之间的各种关系中存在着深刻的宗教性,它使社会的各个片段凝聚在一起,构成一个社会的精神气质和精神结构。宗教是社会关系的绝对形式,超验世界是社会关系形式不断凝聚和脱俗的结果。     

宗教与绘画之间--中国绘画精神中的宗教性问题片论

宗教性母题在中国最早绘画形式中便已扎根,在以后中国绘画发展中更以鲜明、直接的形式而具体化、肉身化.中国传统人物画和山水画在深层精神结构上一定地成为宗教信仰的绘画表意形式,其中合流了宗教精神与传统道德精神.     

Factors Associated With the Psychological Well-Being and Distress of University Students

Objective: Because of the serious nature of psychiatric illness and related problems, the authors attempted to identify demographic, individual, and behavioral factors linked to university students' psychological health. Participants: They surveyed 353 (60.9% female) predominately Caucasian (88.7%) university students attending a large public university. Methods: The authors used a self-report questionnaire including valid and reliable psychometric instruments for all study variables. They conducted multiple regression analyses to examine associations among study variables using a cross-sectional design. Results: More favorable health states (ie, greater psychological well-being and less distress) were positively associated with optimism, health values, and religiousness and were negatively associated with spirituality and number of sexual partners. Conclusions: Results demonstrated that multiple protective and risk factors contribute to the psychological well-being and distress of university students. Health promotion practitioners should adopt strategies that strengthen the personality characteristics and values associated with university students' psychological health.     

儒礼之宗教意涵——以朱子《家礼》为中心

朱熹不仅是一位强于思辨的哲学家,他也十分关心儒家思想在实践层面的具体表达及其社会教化功能,而且是个既虔敬而富有宗教热诚的儒者.他认为上古的礼仪已经太陈旧了,并且也太繁琐,需要加以适当的改革和简化,以适应当时的社会生活.一方面,他通过补充及更新材料,编辑了一本百科全书式的论著--<仪礼经传通解>[1].另一方面,他将原属上层社会的儒家礼仪世俗化和平民化,推广至民间,编成<家礼>一书,成为后世最简明的冠礼、婚礼、葬礼、祭礼实用手册.通观整部<家礼>,祠堂及祖先扮演了非常重要的角色,祭祖只是其表现方式之一而已.朱子编修这本<家礼>,希望能培养人对祖先"爱敬"、"崇爱敬"、有"谨终追远之心"、"报本反始之心",这些都可说是一种宗教情怀,但不是我们平常理解的祖先崇拜.     

Religiousness and Infidelity: Attendance,but not Faith and Prayer,Predict Marital Fidelity

High religiousness has been consistently linked with a decreased likelihood of past infidelity but has been solely defined by religious service attendance, a limited assessment of a complex facet of life. The current study developed nine religiousness subscales using items from the 1998 General Social Survey to more fully explore the association between religiousness and infidelity. Interestingly, logistic regressions using currently married participants (N= 1,439) demonstrated that attendance, but not faith, nearness to God, prayer, and other religious attributes, was related to infidelity. Exploratory analyses also found that individuals with high religious importance but low attendance were more likely to have had an affair and weak evidence that marital happiness moderated the association between religiousness and infidelity.