新闻用语中委婉语的社会语言学解读

作为一种言语现象,词和句子本身并不是委婉语,只是在语言的运用中它们才成为委婉语。委婉语不仅指委婉词语,它更是积极运用语言进行表达的一种交际方式:随着言语社团成员特征的变化(如立场,阶层、职业)形成相应的语言使用特点,涵盖政治、经济等多方面的内容。将委婉语置于其产生和使用的众多社会环境之一的新闻报道中,探讨委婉语的语言变异现象与语言使用者的社会地位、政治立场和言语目的之间的相关关系,从而揭示新闻语中委婉语的盛会根基。     

许国璋语言论札记

语言学研究主要从事对有机体内部的研究和有机体与有机体之间的关系的研究。“许国璋论语言”对此作了哲学上的探索。他辩证地回答了符号的能指与所指的任意性问题 ;并就社会语言学和唯理语言学在理论上的分歧、价值、研究成果和应用作了更全面的论述与概括 ,对当前的语言学研究具有现实的指导意义和作用     

“Sassy Queens”: Stylistic orthographic variation in Twitter and the enregisterment of AAVE

Recent computational sociolinguistic analyses of social media have emphasized the potential of using orthographic variation as a proxy for speech, thereby permitting macro‐level quantitative studies of regional and social variation (e.g. Eisenstein, 2015). However, the extent to which stylistic variation may affect these analyses remains largely unexplored. In this paper, I explore how authors use variant spellings stylistically to deploy personae and characterological figures (Agha, 2003), by examining the presence of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) features in a corpus of 15,804 tweets extracted from the timelines of 10 gay British men. I argue that the stylization of AAVE signals the development of a very specific persona—the “Sassy Queen”—which relies on an essentialized imagining of Black women as “fierce” and “sassy.” Concluding, I emphasize the value of micro‐level analyses in complementing quantitative analyses of linguistic variation in social media.     

社会语言学视角下的英汉詈语对比研究

詈语是一种特殊的语言现象,是人类语言语料库中的重要部分,是了解一个民族民俗文化的重要渠道.詈语承载的主要不是信息,而是人们对情感的一种表达,透视出人类独特的社会心理和价值取向,通过对英汉詈语的研究,我们可以更加清楚地透视到两种文化所折射出的异同.     

维持根斯坦后期哲学思想对当代语言学的影响

维持根斯坦（L．Wittgenstein）始终把语言作为哲学研究的唯一对象,坚持通过语言分析解决哲学问题。他后期的语言观直接导致了日常语言学派的产生。日常语言学派从人们的行为对语言的影响的角度研究语言,把语言看作是人闪的一种言语行为,在言语行为中寻求语言的意义。维氏后期的某些哲学思想成为当代一些新兴语言学派的理论基础。     

The dynamics of citizen sociolinguistics

The objective of this paper is to explore the dynamics of citizen science (CS) in sociolinguistics or citizen sociolinguistics, i.e. the engagement of non‐professionals in doing sociolinguistic research. Based on a CS‐study undertaken in Norway where we engaged young people as citizen scientists to explore linguistic diversity, this paper aims to clarify the definition of citizen sociolinguistics; it seeks to advance the discussion of the advantages of CS and of how CS can contribute to sociolinguistics; it also addresses the opposite: how sociolinguistics can contribute to the general field of citizen science; and it discusses the challenges of a CS‐methodology for sociolinguistic research, epistemologically and ethically, as well as in terms of recruitment, quality control and possible types of sociolinguistic tasks and topics. To meet the needs of society and societal challenges of today there is a need to develop methods and establish scientific acceptance for the relevance of public engagement in research. This paper argues that citizen sociolinguistics has the potential to advance the societal impact of sociolinguistics by constructing a dialogue between ‘the academy’ and ‘the citizens’; citizen sociolinguistics relies on and encourages participatory citizen agency, provides research experience, stimulates curiosity, further research, public understanding of science and (socio)linguistic awareness, and encourages linguistic stewardship.     

日本礼仪中“婚嫁”的忌讳语探究

婚嫁是日本礼仪中的重要一环。从社会语言学的视角具体探讨"结婚仪式"、"婚宴"等场合下的忌讳语,探究宗教信仰、言灵思想、心理联想、同音因素和交际需要等方面对其产生和存在的影响,能够发掘隐藏于忌讳语后的日本社会文化现象,把握日本民族心理,促进跨文化交际的顺利进行。     

Language,multiple authenticities and social media: The online language practices of university students in Mongolia

This paper seeks to contribute to the current discussion of the sociolinguistics of globalization by revealing youth linguistic diversity from the perspective of the online mixed language practices of university students in contemporary post‐socialist Mongolia. Drawing on sets of Facebook data, the paper firstly argues that the online mixed youth language practices should be understood as ‘translingual’ not only due to their varied recombination of linguistic and cultural resources, genres, modes, styles and repertories, but also due to their direct subtextual connections with wider socio‐cultural, historical and ideological meanings. Secondly, online users metalinguistically claim authenticity in terms of their own translingual practices as opposed to other colliding language ideologies such as linguistic dystopia. How they relocalize the notion of authenticity, however, differs profoundly depending on their own often‐diverse criteria, identities, beliefs and ideas. This shows that, with mixing and recombining at its very core, the translingual practices of modern young speakers provide us with a significant insight into the co‐existence of multiple authenticities and origins of authenticity in an increasingly interconnected world.     

Marketing the Damaged Self: The Construction of Identity in Advertisements Directed Towards People with HIV/AIDS

This paper explores the identities projected in advertisements directed towards HIV positive individuals and people with AIDS. Fifty such advertisements were collected from three popular American magazines for gay men over a period of seven months. Analysis of the ads reveals a paradoxical presentation of people with HIV/AIDS, which offers simultaneous conflicting images of hope and fear, power and weakness, innocence and guilt. An interactive sociolinguistic model through which this contradictory discourse might be understood is presented, drawing on Goffman's insights on stigma management and the presentation of the self in social interaction. Advertisements directed towards people with HIV/AIDS, it is suggested, present a contradictory discourse in which the advertisers are positioned as 'the wise', offering to mediate the conflicting identities of the stigmatized. The identity values enacted in this contradictory discourse are further measured against American conceptions of communication and the self as observed by Carbaugh and others. The possible consequences of these positionings on the roles made available to people with HIV/AIDS in the wider social context are discussed.     

用社会语言学的相关理论探析《美国英语词典》的演变

采用举例说明和对比分析的方法,用社会语言学中的语言变异理论、语言功能理论和语境理论,探析了《美国英语词典》的演变.