小波分析在管理数据处理中的应用

提出了一种基于小波变换的管理数据处理方法，把公司管理上的数据看成一个非平稳的时间序列，利用小渡函数将该时间序列分解到不同的频率通道上，然后将分解后的信号当作近似的平稳时间序列，用一些传统的统计方法进行预测，同时对中国足球彩票若干期的销售量数据进行了处理和预测，并将结果与实际销量以及用传统的AR模型的预测值进行了比较。     

非统计专业统计学教育刍议

针对非统计专业统计学教育目前存在的问题,阐述了提高对统计学重要性的认识是保证统计教学效果的前提;统计学教学环节的改革是提高教学效果的重要保证;统计教师的业务素质是提高统计教学效果的关键。     

Statistical Distributions of Daily Breathing Rates for Narrow Age Groups of Infants and Children

Children may be more susceptible to toxicity from some environmental chemicals than adults. This susceptibility may occur during narrow age periods (windows), which can last from days to years depending on the toxicant. Breathing rates specific to narrow age periods are useful to assess inhalation dose during suspected windows of susceptibility. Because existing breathing rates used in risk assessment are typically for broad age ranges or are based on data not representative of the population, we derived daily breathing rates for narrow age ranges of children designed to be more representative of the current U.S. children's population. These rates were derived using the metabolic conversion method of Layton (1993) and energy intake data adjusted to represent the U.S. population from a relatively recent dietary survey (CSFII 1994–1996, 1998). We calculated conversion factors more specific to children than those previously used. Both nonnormalized (L/day) and normalized (L/kg-day) breathing rates were derived and found comparable to rates derived using energy estimates that are accurate for the individuals sampled but not representative of the population. Estimates of breathing rate variability within a population can be used with stochastic techniques to characterize the range of risk in the population from inhalation exposures. For each age and age-gender group, we present the mean, standard error of the mean, percentiles (50th, 90th, and 95th), geometric mean, standard deviation, 95th percentile, and best-fit parametric models of the breathing rate distributions. The standard errors characterize uncertainty in the parameter estimate, while the percentiles describe the combined interindividual and intra-individual variability of the sampled population. These breathing rates can be used for risk assessment of subchronic and chronic inhalation exposures of narrow age groups of children.     

ASSESSING CONGRUENCEAMONG DISTANCE MATRICES: SINGLE-MALT SCOTCH WHISKIES REVISITED

A test of congruence among distance matrices is described. It tests the hypothesis that several matrices, containing different types of variables about the same objects, are congruent with one another, so they can be used jointly in statistical analysis. Raw data tables are turned into similarity or distance matrices prior to testing; they can then be compared to data that naturally come in the form of distance matrices. The proposed test can be seen as a generalization of the Mantel test of matrix correspondence to any number of distance matrices. This paper shows that the new test has the correct rate of Type I error and good power. Power increases as the number of objects and the number of congruent data matrices increase; power is higher when the total number of matrices in the study is smaller. To illustrate the method, the proposed test is used to test the hypothesis that matrices representing different types of organoleptic variables (colour, nose, body, palate and finish) in single‐malt Scotch whiskies are congruent.     

债务融资、债务结构与公司过度投资行为——来自我国上市公司的经验证据

文章以我国A股市场上市公司为研究对象,实证研究了债务融资对过度投资行为的抑制作用.研究发现:我国上市公司普遍存在着严重的过度投资现象,债务融资及其构成特征整体上并未对公司的过度投资行为起到抑制作用.通过进一步按最终控制人性质分组检验发现,债务融资比例与银行借款在国有控股公司不但没起到抑制过度投资行为的作用,反而还恶化了公司的过度投资行为,债务融资比例与银行借款在非国有控股公司中起到了制约过度投资的作用,商业信用和长短期债务在国有与非国有控股公司中仍没起到制约公司过度投资行为的作用.     

光源与照明专业人才培养

通过对国内外光源与照明行业发展现状的分析研究,结合该专业国内人才培养教育资源分布及该专业人才的需求状况.从如何有利于专业人才培养的角度出发,针对目前专业教育、教学中存在的实际问题,提出了一些改进建议.     

A theoretical basis for perturbation methods

In this paper we discuss a new theoretical basis for perturbation methods. In developing this new theoretical basis, we define the ideal measures of data utility and disclosure risk. Maximum data utility is achieved when the statistical characteristics of the perturbed data are the same as that of the original data. Disclosure risk is minimized if providing users with microdata access does not result in any additional information. We show that when the perturbed values of the confidential variables are generated as independent realizations from the distribution of the confidential variables conditioned on the non-confidential variables, they satisfy the data utility and disclosure risk requirements. We also discuss the relationship between the theoretical basis and some commonly used methods for generating perturbed values of confidential numerical variables.     

Weak disintegrability as a form of preservation of coherence

Summary Weak disintegrations are investigated from various points of view. Kolmogorov's definition of conditional probability is critically analysed, and it is noted how the notion of disintegrability plays some role in connecting Kolmogorov's definition with the one given in line with de Finetti's coherence principle. Conditions are given, on the domain of a prevision, implying the equivalence between weak disintegrability and conglomerability. Moreover, weak sintegrations are characterized in terms of coherence, in de Finetti's sense, of, a suitable function. This fact enables us to give, an interpretation of weak disintegrability as a form of “preservation of coherence”. The previous results are also applied to a hypothetical inferential problem. In particular, an inference is shown to be coherent, in the sense of Heath and Sudderth, if and only if a suitable function is coherent, in de Finetti's sense. Research partially supported by: M.U.R.S.T. 40% “Problemi di inferenza pura”.     

企业经营决策会计理论方法体系之探讨

企业经营决策会计是以系统论、信息论、控制论为理论基础 ,将企业划分为若干个子系统 ,运用现代科学管理设备和技术 ,对企业经营管理所涉及的内外部信息源进行定量分析、计算、对比和评价 ,为企业经营决策提供最佳方案     

一种程控标准信号源的设计

介绍了用间接频率合成器（IS）、数字波形发生器以及程控衰减器等构成的标准信号源，该信号源只要加上功率放大器，即可实现电力检测仪表最先进的校验技术中的程控标准功率源。整个系统以单片机为控制核心，实现了频率、相位、幅值的数显及步进调整。