市场竞争条件下成人高等教育发展的困境与突破

改革开放以来，我国经济体制从计划走向市场，并逐步趋于完善。经济体制的转变带来了成人高等教育活动的变革。市场竞争条件下成人高等教育发展呈现出竞争性、合作性、品牌化、多样性和适应性等特征。然而，我国成人高等教育却存在着地位不明、竞争力弱、质量偏低、单一化、趋同化等问题。我们只有对成人高等教育进行系统改革，才能建立与现代市场经济体系相适应的成人高等教育体系。     

论闻一多诗歌的象征艺术倾向

闻一多曾接受过象征主义艺术思潮的影响,其诗论中有关象征的论述和诗歌创作中的象征笔法,呈示出闻一多诗歌的象征艺术倾向。深入研究这一艺术倾向,对于把握闻一多诗歌艺术的丰富性及其对新诗艺术发展的贡献具有重要的意义。     

Queers,Bodies and Postmodern Sexualities: A Note on Revisiting the “Sexual” in Symbolic Interactionism

This article reflects on the linkage between developments in symbolic interactionist theory over the past thirty years and the sociological study of the social construction of sexualities. After some personal reflections on the development of the theory, four main themes are highlighted: the links to postmodernism and queer theory; the paths to new research styles; some internal problems with the theory; and the need to reinstall the importance of the body. The article concludes that symbolic interactionism remains a major approach to the study of sexuality.     

Clinical Writing of a Therapy in Progress: Ethical Questions and Therapeutic Challenges

Clinical implications and ethical dilemmas of the use of confidential case material in clinical writing are examined, including a review of the discourse among professionals who publish clinical work. This literature is applied to a clinical illustration of psychotherapy with a client who gave consent for publication and read the clinical write-up of her case material. It is suggested that clinical writing may increase client “self-reflection” if there is a “secure base” of attachment between therapist/author and the client. The impact on the client’s treatment process is examined, in addition to a discussion of ethical questions and professional recommendations. ²Dr. Susanne Bennett is an Assistant Professor, National School of Social Service of the Catholic University of America. Dr. Bennett is also a psychotherapist in private practice in Falls Church, VA.     

网络文艺：虚拟与真实博弈下的符号世界

网络文艺作为一种新兴的媒介艺术样态,具有很强的虚拟性,同时又是与现实世界互为对照、互为表述的镜像世界,仍然具有一种真实的力量。但在真实的艺术表达中,网络文艺创作者过度追求“陌生化”与“异质感”,沉迷于“幻象”与“超真实”的审美体验,符号能指与意义所指不断变化、纠缠与冲撞,导致网络文艺世界逐渐成为一种超级数字场景下符号丛生的伪现实景观,在真实与虚拟的博弈下,现实沦为“表演”,主体也在现实“表演”中走向“他者”。本文以符号学为视角,分析这种文化现象的内在机理并阐释其形式创新与意义生产,从网络文艺的虚拟性“真实”和表演性“真实”着手,论述了网络文艺是一种“虚实”统一的且以能指优势为主导的符号世界。     

基于符号理论的建国后汉字简化研究

建国后两次汉字简化改革使以象物象形为源头的汉字抽象程度再度提升,符号化性质更加突出。汉字符号不仅在创建初期显现任意性与约定性之间的特定关系,而任意性与约定性制约简化规则、简化符形,凸现人类认识世界、改造世界的思维方式。在寻求符号与客观世界的相似性上,汉字简化对已经完善的相似性做出割裂式改革,突破原有相似性陈规,寻求新旧符号的相似性,在旧有认知体系的基础上建立新的认知体系和方式。     

浅析社会困境

社会困境是指那些使得个体理性导致集体非理性的环境。文章介绍了社会困境在两人和多人环境下的具体含义,详细说明了解决社会困境的可能途径,即动机性、策略性和结构性解决方法。     

Bivariate symbolic regression models for interval-valued variables

Interval-valued variables have become very common in data analysis. Up until now, symbolic regression mostly approaches this type of data from an optimization point of view, considering neither the probabilistic aspects of the models nor the nonlinear relationships between the interval response and the interval predictors. In this article, we formulate interval-valued variables as bivariate random vectors and introduce the bivariate symbolic regression model based on the generalized linear models theory which provides much-needed exibility in practice. Important inferential aspects are investigated. Applications to synthetic and real data illustrate the usefulness of the proposed approach.     

Whither the Internal Conversation?

The internal conversation has a venerable place in the symbolic interactionist tradition but has been the focus of little empirical research by interactionists. After reviewing selected research on the internal conversation (most by noninteractionist sociologists or nonsociologists), we argue that interactionists ought to conduct research of our own to examine claims we have been making and to better understand social life. We propose some worthy areas and avenues of investigation.     

Social identity and alcohol in young adolescence: the perceived difference between youthful and adult drinking

This paper examines the evolving social identities of young adolescents in regard to alcohol and drinking culture in Norway. Detailed analysis of 29 focus group interviews and 32 individual interviews with 12–13-year-olds reveal a thorough negative attitude towards alcohol, especially when enjoyed by young people. Young adolescents found young people to be too irresponsible and immature to drink, while adults were portrayed as capable of enjoying alcohol without losing control or experiencing other negative effects. Through symbolic boundary work, they distanced themselves from adolescents who drank. The young adolescents rejected the idea that drinking alcohol was a sign of maturity; instead, they exhibited maturity by distancing themselves from drunk adolescents. We discuss how these findings reflect the participants’ socio-cognitive development, and how symbolic boundaries are often drawn against those closest in social distance. We conclude that boundaries between ‘adolescents’ and ‘adults’ are fundamental when understanding emerging adolescent social identities, especially when it comes to drinking and drinking culture.